Excavations at Sparta, 1924—25: § 2.—The Theatre

1925 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 119-156
Author(s):  
A. M. Woodward
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
White Marble ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Single Exception ◽  
History Of

The scanty references preserved from the ancient writers who alluded to the Theatre at Sparta include no description of its shape, size or appearance, with the single exception of the passage in which Pausanias tells us (iii. 14. 1) that it was of white marble (λίθου λευκοῦ, θέας ἄξιον) The other authorities make mention of it only in reference to festivals or other events which took place in it. These allusions cover a long period, but do not help us to gain any idea either of the history of the building or of its form or size at any given date. They may be advantageously cited in chronological order, thus:—Herodotus, vi. 67. (The quarrel of Demaratos and Leotychidas in the Theatre on the occasion of the Gymnopaidiai, ca: 491 B.C.)Xenophon, Hell. VI. iv. 16. (The news of the battle of Leuktra arrived on the last day of the Gymnopaidiai, τοῦ ἀνδρικοῦ χοροῦ ῦνδον ὄντος That ἔνδον means ‘in the theatre’ is confirmed by Plutarch's account, Ages. 29, which repeats Xenophon's, adding ἐν τῷ ′θάτρῳ.)Athenaeus, xv. 631 c. (Quoting Aristoxenos (Aristotle's pupil) for the celebration of the Gymnopaidiai in the Theatre); and iv. 139 e (quoting Polykrates (date unknown) for the procession of boys on horseback passing through the Theatre on the occasion of the Hyakinthia.)

Yiddish as an Expression of Jewish Cultural Identity in Galicia and Vienna

1999 ◽  
pp. 164-176
Author(s):  
Gabriele Kohlbauer-Fritz
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Habsburg Empire ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Long Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Austrian Capital ◽  
Cultural Movement

This chapter illustrates the backwardness of Yiddish in the easternmost province of the Habsburg Empire. In Galicia, Yiddish language and culture developed quite differently and at a much slower pace than in the other parts of Poland and Russia. At a time when the works of Isaac Leib Peretz, Mendele Mokher Seforim, and Sholem Aleichem were flourishing elsewhere, Yiddish culture in Galicia was still underdeveloped, emerging only fleetingly at the beginning of the twentieth century, inspired by the political and social movements that encouraged Jewish national self-awareness. No doubt one reason for this long period of dormancy was the particular historical situation that resulted from the policies of the Habsburg regime. Thus, a history of the Yiddish-language movement in Galicia and the Austrian capital, Vienna, must also be an account of its failure. The chapter shows that it was precisely in Galicia that a thriving cultural symbiosis emerged among the coexisting national groups, and this symbiosis had a substantial impact on the Yiddish cultural movement. Yet competition from the Polish and German languages ultimately ousted Yiddish almost completely.

scholarly journals The Organization of "Nafhut Tayyib min Ghusn al Andalus al Rutayyib” by Allama al-Maqr’ri

2018 ◽  
Vol I (II) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Dr. Nomana Khalid
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Long Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Great Scholar ◽  
Muslims In Europe

“Allama al-Maqr’ri” was a great scholar and author of many books. He wrote a valuable and informative book on Spain. Muslims ruled over Spain for a long period of time. Allama al-Maqr’ri compiled Spain’s history, geographical status, conspicuous personalities as well as unique aspects of that time. This Arabic book named "Nafhut Tayyib min Ghusn al Andulus al Rutayyib”" consists on ten volumes and divided in two major parts. The first one consists of Spain’s history and the other part is about Lisin ud Din al-Khateeb. This article will provide a comprehensive overview of this precious book, its division, major parts and contents and provide the knowledge of the splendor history of Muslims in Europe. Keywords: Andalus, Maq’rri, History, Lisan ud Din

Administrative Procedure and Judicial Review: A ‘Common Core’ Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-20
Author(s):  
Giacinto della Cananea ◽  
Mads Andenas
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Public Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Level ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
Long Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
National Systems

This chapter begins by explaining why judicial review of administration is interesting terrain for a comparative analysis, also in the light of European and international principles. It is helpful to bear in mind that, for a long period of time, a strand of thought in public law has contested not just the usefulness, but even the possibility of a meaningful comparison between national systems of judicial review. It is important, however, to take cognisance of two fundamental dimensions of change: one is the increasing specialization of the courts that exercise control over administrative power and the other is the emergence of common principles at European and international level. The chapter then highlights the importance of procedural fairness and propriety, although the legal relevance and significance of these principles will differ depending upon the history of any society and its political choices. It also addresses some methodological issues, including the nature of the 'factual analysis' and the choice of legal systems.

scholarly journals II. Studies in reptilian colour response. I. - The bionomics and physiology of the pigmentary activity of the chameleon

1934 ◽  
Vol 223 (494-508) ◽  
pp. 27-55 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
New World ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Physiological Investigation ◽  
Single Exception ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

The literature of reptilian colour change extends over twenty three centuries, and yet our knowledge of the physiological processes which govern it, and of the environmental factors which bring it about, is to-day far less complete than for the other two groups of vertebrates which possess pigmentary effectors. The cause of this, it would seem, resides in the fact that the colour changing reptiles inhabit pre-eminently the tropical and subtropical regions of the globe, and are not readily available for physiological investigation in the main centres of scientific progress. The history of this subject is peculiar. From Aristotle to the end of the nineteenth century the literature deals almost exclusively with the chameleon, an animal which for centuries has excited the curiosity of travellers in North Africa, and which, in consequence, has acquired a popular reputation that is quite remarkable. Thus the hundred pages which Fuchs (1914) devoted to reptilian colour response contain far more references to chameleons than to all other reptiles taken together. In the present century, with the single exception of the work of Hogben and Mirvish (1928) from this laboratory, no further investigations on the chameleon have been published. Our knowledge of colour change in reptiles has progressed chiefly through the work of Professor G. H. P arker and his many associates. In the New World chameleons do not exist, and consequently the American workers have turned to other lizards, chiefly Anolis and Phrynosoma . Thus it has come about that most modern workers in this field are relatively unfamiliar with the chameleon, and have tended to overlook the many interesting facts concerning colour change in this animal recorded in the earlier literature

scholarly journals The titles “Rus”, “Red Rus” on European maps of XIV-XVIII centuries

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Andriy Baitsar ◽  
Iryna Baitsar
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Geographical Research ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Enormous Number ◽  
Research Period ◽  
Historical Periods

Geographers and historians are interested in the origin of the title “Rus” for a long period. It is an object of numerous speculations and hypotheses contained in geographical, historical and linguistic-cultural research. During the last two centuries, an enormous number of sources that devoted to the origin of the title Rus were amassed in linguistics, historical and geographical literature. The main aim of this article is to explore the location of Rus, Red Rus during different historical periods for indication of Ukrainian ethnic territory or its parts by using a foreign cartographic material of XIV–XVIII centuries. Development and becoming of cartography in this period were analyzed. The use of names “Rus”, “Red Rus” by European cartographers was researched. The views of researchers who have studied this question in different periods were analyzed. Changes in the title of “Rus” on European maps during the research period were tracked based on a detailed study and analysis of scientific and cartographic sources, summarizing the results of geographical research toponymy of Ukraine. The main maps, which depicted the territory of Rus, were chronologically described. A description of many old maps was made. The history of the mapping of the territory of Ukraine was represented in chronological order based on the processing of numerous cartographic and literature sources. Key words: Rus, Red Rus, White Rus, Black Rus, map.

scholarly journals 印 尼 华 人 的 宗 教 信 仰

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Andyni Khosasih
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Chinese Religion ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
East And West ◽  
Outstanding Quality

The population of Chinese descendants in Indonesia reaches 7 millions. Their success cannot be taken separated from the culture embedded. On the other hand, understanding Chinese cultures cannot be separated from analyzing Chinese believes. There is a long history of Chinese religion. It has also portrayed the differences of cultures from which the portrayal forms unique symbol and characterization of its people. The outstanding quality of religions of Chinese-Indonesians is the adaptability, acceptance and openness. Indonesian Government, which has the policy of uniformity after the 1960 causes the breach of Chinese heritage for a long period of time. This has cost socio-structural gaps and multicultural disparity which is getting wider between east and west cultures. This thesis discusses the history and developments of Chinese-Indonesian religions with future predictions uphold.

2. On the History of the Sun's Distance Determinations; and on Scriptural and Scientific Probabilities

1869 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 307-308
Author(s):  
William Petrie
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
General Physics ◽  
The Earth ◽  
History Of

This paper was accompanied by two diagrams, one of them representing more particularly the features attending on space, and the probable errors of several modern determinations therein; and the other representing the chronological order of the events, or progress made by man from the earliest times, down to the present, in ascertaining that most important of all questions in astronomy and general physics, viz., the true mean distance of the earth from the sun.

A Great Orator Mislaid

1981 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Syme
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law

Ser. Sulpicius Rufus (cos. 51) has seldom gone short of approbation: not only noble and patrician but the first jurist to reach the consulate since Q. Scaevola. When Cicero in 63 spoke in defence of Murena he deprecated and derided the claims of legal erudition. Seventeen years later, composing in dialogue form a history of Roman eloquence, he made handsome amends to Servius, at some length (Brutus 150 ff.).After matching M. Antonius with L. Crassus, the pair of masters who dominated the epoch preceding his own, the expositor brings Crassus into comparison with the jurist Q. Mucius Scaevola (by happy coincidence they shared the fasces in 95). Each was far from incompetent in the science professed by the other. Whereupon the alert Brutus was moved to intervene with a question: might not a similar parallel for excellence obtain between Cicero and Ser. Sulpicius, likewise coeval?The artful device insinuates a long excursus, breaking the chronological order of the whole treatise. Together from early youth and together at Rhodes, the two friends practised the same ‘exercitationes’. In oratory Servius might perhaps have become ‘par principibus’. He preferred the law: in fact he excelled Scaevola and all predecessors, so Cicero affirms, to the ingenuous surprise of the interlocutor.Servius had made a sagacious choice between the two civilian arts. In oratory (first in rank and estimation at Rome) Servius achieved enough for a lawyer and a consul: ‘quantum esset et ad tuendum ius civile et ad obtinendam consularem dignitatem satis’ (Brutus 155).The Brutus furnishes ready and vivid verdicts on speakers of the time. Five consular Lentuli are put on show for style and manner, from Clodianus and Sura to the savage and minatory Crus. All dead, it is true, and they benefit from much indulgence. For Servius no writing of Cicero acclaims a public occasion when the consul displayed his talent – and no appeal to an oration of any kind. For the eloquence of Servius the friend falls back on what the legal works disclose: ‘et litterarum scientiam et loquendi elegantiam’ (153). Posterity is defrauded, the earnest student at a loss.

scholarly journals Mastoiditis in adults: Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
S. Krejovic-Trivic ◽  
Dragoslava Djeric ◽  
Aleksandar Trivic
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
History Of

The purpose of the present study is to report our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of mastoiditis in adults. Five patients with an active chronic otitis and mastoiditis were presented. All of them had a history of chronic ear discharge for long period of time and have been diagnosed and treated sufficiently. All relevant data were analyzed from the medical records. The most common symptoms of the disease were otalgia, otorrhea and hearing loss, but the physical signs of mastoiditis (swelling, erithema and tenderness of the retroauricular region) were presented in all cases. Localization and enlargement of the pathological process within the middle ear spaces was determined by CT. All patients were treated surgically and with intravenous antibiotics. In one patient the other treatment was applied due to a specific (TBC) process in the ear. Early diagnosis and adequate treatment (surgeiy combined with an effective antibiotics therapy) is most important to prevent a serious complications of mastoiditis (extracranial and/or intracranial).

Globalization and the Dynamics of Work Markets

2014 ◽  
pp. 225-244
Author(s):  
Kristian Feigelson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
The Other ◽  
Long Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Perspective

In proposing an analysis of the professionalization and the occupations of cinema based on the discoveries of interactionist sociology, The Filmic Factory defines film practices in concrete terms. Taking a look at the other side of the scenery allows us to grasp the interior processes at work in the fabrication of a film. How does one describe these different categories of audiovisual and film occupations over a long period of time through the lens of more complex professional constructions at the intersection of French public policy since 1936 and current evolutions in a market based on intermittent employment? On the basis of numerous inquiries in various studios (France, Central Europe, United States, India, Russia, and others), this chapter proposes a new perspective on this specific market in the context of globalization in order to better understand the anonymous history of those who have created cinema.

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