Some Social Aspects of New England Colonial Mortuary Art

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Deetz ◽  
Edwin N. Dethlefsen
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Stylistic Evolution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Formal Controls ◽  
Mortuary Art

AbstractThe spatial, temporal, and formal controls available in Colonial gravestones permit the investigation of the various social dimensions of their occurrences. Those aspects which can be studied include status, community intermarriage, the social implications of stylistic evolution, and, in the case of the cemeteries, relative importance of community as opposed to familial control of interment practices. Such studies provide an understanding of some of the social factors reflected by measurable data of the type encountered in archaeological research. This paper documents specific responses in the evolution of marker styles to the Great Awakening's effect at Boston.

scholarly journals Illness narratives of substance users from urban India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Singh
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Drug Abuse Treatment ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Therapeutic Dialogue ◽  
The Social ◽  
Abuse Treatment

Reading Veena Das’s book 'Affliction: Health, Disease, Poverty' was a journey of revelations for me as a health professional. The various dialects of illness that are spoken in the rapidly urbanizing Indian community become coherent, lending a voice to the distinctive sociocultural distress of the men and women who form a part of it. A discussion of the social aspects of illness brings certain questions to mind: Does the medical community fully understand those it tries to help? Is the therapeutic dialogue about the social dimensions of medical problems or vice versa? How do we bridge the mental health gender gap in our societies? To try and find some answers, I present the illness stories of two women who sought treatment at drug abuse treatment clinics in the urban slums of New Delhi. This think piece describes substance use disorder in the context of the cultural processes that have shaped these women, their families, and society.

Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Self-Esteem in Women

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 663-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey D. Callahan ◽  
Aline H. Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Check List ◽  
Satisfaction Questionnaire ◽  
Adjective Check List ◽  
The Social

Research shows that women both focus on the social aspects of jobs and rate their self-esteem on social factors, so it was hypothesized that women scoring high on a job-satisfaction questionnaire would score significantly higher on those scales of the Adjective Check List which are relevant to self-esteem than women scoring low in job-satisfaction. The results supported the hypothesis. Job-satisfied women were achievement-oriented, cooperative, tactful, social, self-confident, and comfortable with sex-appropriate roles. Job-unsatisfied women were self-critical, suffered from inferiority feelings, and displayed maladaptive tendencies. Further research was suggested.

scholarly journals Social aspects of dementia and dementia practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1579-1581
Author(s):  
Irja Haapala ◽  
Simon Biggs ◽  
Susan Kurrle
Keyword(s):  
Social Engagement ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Public ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
The Social ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Informal Carers

Social aspects of dementia are becoming increasingly important as part of a wider shift in emphasis from cure to care. This is partly because approaches based on finding a cure have proved far more difficult and complex than originally imagined (WHO, 2016). New evidence on the effectiveness of public health measures, that while incidence is growing as the proportion of older people in society increases its prevalence amongst older adults is actually falling, has also lead to increased interest in social dimensions of prevention, lifestyle change, and practical intervention in community settings (Prince et al., 2016; Kivipelto et al., 2017). This, in turn, has led to a rediscovery of the role of supports to people living with dementia in their daily lives, the needs of informal carers, and professional activities that can maintain the social engagement of each party (Winblad et al., 2016). The expansion of practice around person-centered care, beyond traditional institutional settings, has also contributed to a socialized view of how interactions in dementia care are thought about (Bartlett et al., 2017), as has an increased awareness of the effects of the social construction of dementia in the public mind (Biggs, 2018). Most recently, people living with dementia, and particularly with respect to younger onset dementia, have begun to find a voice and to make connections to the wider disability movement (Dementia Alliance International, 2017). Each of these developments, in their different ways, have led to a re-emphasis on psycho-social elements of dementia, its experience, and how that might translate into clinical practice and service delivery.

scholarly journals Visual Representations of Science in a Pandemic: COVID-19 in Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Delicado ◽  
Jussara Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Science Communication ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Responsible Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Communication Differences ◽  
Medical Side

This article aims to contribute to the understanding of the social dimensions of the 2020 pandemic, with a particular emphasis on the visual practices of science communication in times of health emergency, by analyzing how the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is being visually represented. It seeks to identify the format and content of images used to illustrate online information about the pandemic, in particular, from websites of policy institutions, research promoters, and media in Portugal and Spain. By examining a sample containing 600 images, it aims to identify the messages being conveyed and the effects these images intend to provoke and to illuminate the differences in representations among the three sources of communication. Differences and similarities with visual images of previous pandemics (influenza, AIDS) are examined. This article ascertains that policy websites aim to be mostly prescriptive, relying on infographics to convey prevention and care instructions to its audiences. On the other hand, science websites rely mostly on stock photos and images from scientific articles to illustrate current research, while newspaper websites are the most diversified in terms of the images they use and the topics they cover. This study concludes that representations of science are still very much based on stereotypical imagery of labs and white coats, that representations of the medical side of the pandemic are focused on images of intensive care that aim to generate fear and stimulate responsible behavior, and that the social aspects of the pandemic are illustrated by images that focus either on pandemic prevention (e.g., washing hands) or on the impacts of the pandemic itself (e.g., empty streets during lockdown).

Socio-Economic Level and Maternal Attitudes Toward Parent-Child Relationships

1957 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mildred Kantor ◽  
John Glidewell ◽  
Ivan Mensh ◽  
Herbert Domke ◽  
Margaret Gildea
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Maternal Attitudes ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
Parent Child Relationships

In recent years, there has been an upsurge of interest in the social aspects of medicine, with medicine and sociology cooperating in a number of studies of social factors in health and illness.1 Many of these studies2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 have presented data suggesting that there is a relationship between socioeconomic level and the incidence, prevalence, and treatment of mental illness. Further, in the preventive as well as in the treatment programs, similar relationships have been observed.

scholarly journals Social and Linguistic Factors as Predictors of Contact-Induced Change

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Thomason
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Similar Statement ◽  
Social Predictors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linguistic Constraints ◽  
Contact Situation

AbstractTwo claims made by Thomason & Kaufman (1988) have elicited particularly strong reactions from specialists in language contact: first, that there are no absolute linguistic constraints on the kinds or numbers of features that can be transferred from one language to another; and second, that when social factors and linguistic factors might be expected to push in opposite directions in a language contact situation, the social factors will be the primary determinants of the linguistic outcome. Both claims have frequently been challenged in recent years, for instance by Gillian Sankoff, Ruth King, and Carol Myers-Scotton. To some extent the challenges are based on a misunderstanding of our arguments; most seriously, some critics argue that we dismiss linguistic predictors as entirely irrelevant to an analysis of contact-induced change. Since we discussed linguistic as well as social predictors of contactinduced change, it isn't true that, as King 2002 puts it, we claimed that 'linguistic factors… play no role' in determining the outcome of language contact (and Sankoff 2001 has a similar statement). In part, however, the objections to our position are based on genuine theoretical and/or empirical disagreements between Thomason & Kaufman and their critics. This paper explores these disagreements in an effort to arrive at a better understanding of the relative importance of social and linguistic predictors in language contact situations. My main conclusions are these: although critics have made impressive contributions toward specifying linguistic predictors, there is still no good reason to abandon the Thomason & Kaufman position (mainly because it was much less extreme than some readers have assumed); and much more work needs to be done to make even rough predictions about the relative impact of particular social and linguistic factors, and their interactions, in particular contact situations.

Invest In The Social Aspects of Biosolids Management

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Goldstein ◽  
N. Beecher
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
The Social

Social factors, such as public outrage, commonly interfere with effective biosolids management. This is especially true with programs that involve recycling biosolids to soils. Obstacles to public support of biosolids recycling are understood by application of social science research regarding risk perception, outrage factors, and risk communication. This paper covers background, summarizes past research, and presents short case studies regarding utilizing understanding of such social factors in particular biosolids management programs. Evaluations of these efforts are presented, providing improved understanding of how biosolids managers can implement cost-effective strategies to more effectively address the social aspects of biosolids management.

Social Aspects of Scientific Knowledge

Philosophy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen E. Longino
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Thomas Kuhn ◽  
Science And Society ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Scientific Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Internal Relations

Attention to the social dimensions of scientific knowledge is a relatively recent focus of philosophers of science. While some earlier philosophers made contributions to the topic that are still of relevance today, modern interest was stimulated by historians and sociologists of science such as Thomas Kuhn and the growing role played by the sciences in society and, by extension, in the lives of its citizens. There are two main vectors of interest: internal relations within scientific communities, and relations between science and society. This article covers literature in both categories. It starts with work that functions as historical backdrop to current work. As a subfield within philosophy of science, this area is too recent to have dedicated journals and has only a few anthologies. Nevertheless, there are resources in both categories. The remainder of the article lists work in specific subareas.

Women in Roman forts – lack of knowledge or a social claim?

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Becker
Keyword(s):  
Role Model ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Roman Army ◽  
The Social ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Military Archaeology ◽  
Military Units

The classic idea of the Roman army, especially of the legions, is that of a man's world, where discipline and military drill dominate, and where there is no room for women, whatever their social status or function. This idea has been fostered by the picture painted by the antique authors, in which fighting by women is reserved to goddesses (Athena/Minerva) and exceptional personages. The normal female is described as a mother or wife, whose chief occupations were confined to the organization of the household, the up-bringing of the children, spinning and weaving (Marquardt 1975, 58). This role model fits in excellently with the social structure of 19th-century Europe, where women were also absent from military camps. This, in turn, can be traced back to the to the Prussian view of military virtues, which would be diminished by the presence of women. Many concepts of Roman military archaeology have their origin in this period. In many ways these traditions still influence our views on Roman life, as analyses of the roles of women and children in archaeological illustrations have shown (Röder 2002; Becker and Hölschen in press). German archaeological research, especially, concentrates on questions of building-structures, military units or dating, whilst social aspects of life in the camps or on the frontier are normally neglected.

Stone-Walled Fish traps of Australia and New Guinea as Expressions of Enhanced Sociality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. McNiven ◽  
Ariana B. J. Lambrides
Keyword(s):  
New Guinea ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Exchange Relationships ◽  
Fish Traps ◽  
Aquatic Resource ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Organizational ◽  
Ecological Landscape ◽  
And Control

Fishing was and remains an important subsistence activity of many coastal and inland Indigenous peoples of Australia and New Guinea. The range of ethnographically known fishing methods used to obtain freshwater and marine fishes is similar across the two regions. This ethnographic picture of diversity and complexity is not matched archaeologically, where stone-walled fish traps dominate. Archaeological research on stone-walled fish traps has focused on technical dimensions (e.g., mapping, classification, and dating) and social dimensions (e.g., gender, social complexity, and social organization). Stone-walled fish traps can transform the social and ecological landscape and, in an archaeological context, provide an opportunity to explore decision making and the sociocultural changes associated with the installation of these fixed-in-place facilities. Relevant social organizational changes with potential material correlates amenable to archaeological research include the restructuring of residential sites; interregional gatherings and exchange relationships; aquatic resource enhancement and regularization; and ownership and control of facilities and resources, including territorial partitioning of land- and seascapes.

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