An Alternative Perspective on Retirement a Dual Economic Approach

ABSTRACTA structural model for examining retirement is presented in the context of a political economy of ageing. Contemporary capitalist economies may be conceived of in terms of macro-level organisation which results in a monopolistic core and competitive peripheral sectors. In turn this configuration serves to colour individual life-experience. Data on differential worker- and work-related characteristics are presented as a means of explicating the need for an alternative perspective to explain later life events. A proposed research agenda based on a consideration of both the status attainment and dual economic framework is put forward.

Download Full-text

Negative Life Events Associated With Deliberate Self-Harm in an African Population in Uganda

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910.26.1.4 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 4-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

E. Kinyanda ◽

H. Hjelmeland ◽

S. Musisi

Keyword(s):

Life Events ◽

Negative Life Events ◽

Life Time ◽

Later Life ◽

Dose Effect ◽

Deliberate Self Harm ◽

Time Period ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Self Harm ◽

Suicide Interventions

Abstract. Negative life events associated with deliberate self-harm (DSH) were investigated in an African context in Uganda. Patients admitted at three general hospitals in Kampala, Uganda were interviewed using a Luganda version (predominant language in the study area) of the European Parasuicide Study Interview Schedule I. The results of the life events and histories module are reported in this paper. The categories of negative life events in childhood that were significantly associated with DSH included those related to parents, significant others, personal events, and the total negative life events load in childhood. For the later-life time period, the negative life events load in the partner category and the total negative life events in this time period were associated with DSH. In the last-year time period, the negative life events load related to personal events and the total number of negative life events in this time period were associated with DSH. A statistically significant difference between the cases and controls for the total number of negative life events reported over the entire lifetime of the respondents was also observed, which suggests a dose effect of negative life events on DSH. Gender differences were also observed among the cases. In conclusion, life events appear to be an important factor in DSH in this cultural environment. The implication of these results for treatment and the future development of suicide interventions in this country are discussed.

Download Full-text

‘Living in parallel worlds’ – bereaved parents’ experience of family life when a parent with dependent children is at end of life from cancer: A qualitative study

Palliative Medicine ◽

10.1177/02692163211001719 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026921632110017

Author(s):

Cherith J Semple ◽

Eilís McCaughan ◽

Esther R Beck ◽

Jeffrey R Hanna

Keyword(s):

End Of Life ◽

Psychosocial Adjustment ◽

Family Life ◽

Life Experience ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Later Life ◽

Support Service ◽

Dependent Children ◽

Bereaved Parents ◽

Death Of A Parent

Background: When a parent of dependent children (<18 years old) is at end of life from cancer, this has a profound impact on the family. Children less prepared for the death of a parent are more susceptive to poorer psychosocial adjustment in later life. There is a lack of understanding from the literature surrounding what support parents require, and how they navigate this end of life experience. Aim: To explore bereaved parents’ experience and needs for families when a parent is at end of life from cancer with dependent children. Design: In-depth, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 bereaved mothers and fathers, identified from the general public, a family support service and hospice. Data were analysed thematically. Results: Parents often live in ‘parallel worlds’ throughout the end of life period. In one world, ‘living in the moment’, cherishing the ordinariness of family life, remaining hopeful treatment will prolong life, whilst adapting as the illness unfolds. The other world presents as ‘intermitted glimpses that death is approaching’, shadowed with painful emotional concerns surrounding their children and the future. At the end, death rapidly approaches, characterised as suddenly ‘falling off the cliff’; placing significant demands on the well-parent. Conclusions: Amidst challenges, clinicians should provide parents with clear information surrounding a poor prognosis, so families can plan and prepare for parental death. There is a need for healthcare professionals to engage, encourage and equip parents, as they prepare their children throughout the end of life experience for the inevitable death of a parent.

Download Full-text

Updates on NORA Musculoskeletal Health Cross-Sector Council Activities

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181320641304 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 1279-1281

Author(s):

David M. Rempel ◽

Scott Schneider ◽

Sean Gallagher ◽

Sheree Gibson ◽

Susan Kotowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

Research Agenda ◽

Occupational Safety ◽

Occupational Safety And Health ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Musculoskeletal Health ◽

Work Related ◽

Safety And Health ◽

Collaborative Efforts

The National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) is a research framework for the nation and for the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The NORA Musculoskeletal Health Cross-Sector (MUS) Council focuses on the mitigation of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Two projects have been chosen by the MUS Council for disseminating existing information on ergonomic assessment methods and interventions. The first project involves collaboration with the AIHA Ergonomics Committee on the latest update of the AIHA Ergonomic Assessment Toolkit. The second project aims to post all-industry information on ergonomic solutions/interventions/guidelines in collaboration with the International Ergonomics Association (IEA). The MUS Council plans on leveraging the collaborative efforts for promoting widespread adoption of evidence-based workplace practices for the prevention of WMSDs.

Download Full-text

Assessment of Teacher Attitudes Toward Inclusion of Students with Disabilities: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.14.1.51 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 51-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Georgios D. Sideridis ◽

Judy P. Chandler

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Music Education ◽

Students With Disabilities ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Model ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Physical Education Teachers ◽

The Status ◽

Fit Index

The Teacher Integration Attitudes Questionnaire (TIAQ) was developed in order to assess the attitudes and beliefs of teachers (n = 110) with regard to the inclusion of students with disabilities in regular education settings. Using Structural Equation Modeling, the final structural model of the TIAQ comprised four constructs, namely, “Skills,” “Benefits,” “Acceptance,” and “Support.” The final model was fully supported by the derivation sample of music education teachers (n = 54) and produced a Comparative Fit Index (CFI = 1.00). The replication sample of physical education teachers (n = 56) partially supported the generality of the TIAQ, (CFI = .844). Further, the internal consistency properties of the TIAQ (Cronbach’s alpha was .77 for both samples) were satisfactory. We conclude that the psychometric properties of the TIAQ were adequate, and it can be used as a valid assessment in evaluating the status of inclusion for students with disabilities as perceived by music education and physical education teachers. However, future research is needed to support its generality with other groups of teachers and professionals.

Download Full-text

PP21 Perceptions and experiences of employee mental health support: a cross-sectional survey of UK ambulance service staff

Emergency Medicine Journal ◽

10.1136/emermed-2020-999abs.21 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 (10) ◽

pp. e10.2-e10

Author(s):

Sasha Johnston ◽

Jennifer Wild ◽

Kristy Sanderson ◽

Bridie Kent

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Sickness Absence ◽

Life Events ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Stressful Life ◽

Event Scale ◽

Work Related ◽

Organisational Support ◽

Service Staff

BackgroundMental ill health among ambulance staff is widespread. Evidence suggests that, with the right support, staff experiencing mental ill health can continue to work, symptom severity can be reduced and suicide prevented. To identify whether organisational support meets staff needs, this research explored the perceptions and experiences of staff working in a large ambulance trust covering the south west of England.MethodsBetween September and October 2018, ambulance staff were invited to complete an online questionnaire, which assessed demographics, work-related stressful life events, related psychological impact assessed by the avoidant subscale of Weiss and Marmar’s Impact of Event Scale-Revised, mental ill health sickness absence during the previous 12 months, perceptions and experiences of organisational support and acceptability of a proposed wellbeing intervention offering mandatory time-to-talk at work.ResultsOver 11% (N=540) of the workforce responded. The majority reported experiencing work-related stressful life events (n=444; 82%), that were associated with subsequent avoidant symptoms. Avoidant symptom severity peaked between six-months to five-years after an event (F (5,438) = 2.4, p=0.03), was associated with repeated exposure (F (4,439) = 2.9, p=0.01) and to sickness absence. A fifth of participants reported mental ill health sickness absence (21.6%), a third of which was not disclosed as related to mental health. Content analysis identified stigma, fear, as well as embarrassment, as barriers to disclosure and help-seeking. Perceptions and experiences of organisational support were significantly correlated (r (195) =0.46, p<0.001) and positive.ConclusionsSymptoms associated with work-related stressful life events can persist for years among ambulance staff. Given the association between organisational support and mental wellbeing, it is possible that an intervention, such as mandatory time-to-talk, supported at an organisation level could improve wellbeing among ambulance staff. Such an intervention needs to be evaluated in future research.

Download Full-text

Age Differences in Types and Perceptions of Daily Stress

The International Journal of Aging and Human Development ◽

10.1177/00914150211001588 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009141502110015

Author(s):

Alexis R. Stefaniak ◽

Jessica M. Blaxton ◽

C. S. Bergeman

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Later Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Preventative Care ◽

Stress Exposure ◽

Daily Stress ◽

Work Related ◽

Related Stress

The present study explores differences in daily stress across individuals of varying ages. Specifically, we explore whether age group (young adult, midlife, late midlife, later life) relates to differences in types of stress (family, friends, partner, health, finances, work), total stress exposure, and perceptions of daily stress intensity. Participants from the Notre Dame Study of Health & Well-being (NDHWB; N = 891) completed daily questionnaires assessing negative small life events and perceived stress for 8 weeks. Findings indicated that young adults reported a higher average number of family, spouse, finance, and work-related stress. Additionally, total daily stress was highest among young adults, and perceived stress was lowest among later life adults. Because daily stress relates to long-term mental and physical stress, gaining a better understanding of how individuals at different points in the life span uniquely experience stress can inform intervention and preventative care techniques aimed at promoting optimal well-being.

Download Full-text

Rearing experience with ramps improves specific learning and behaviour and welfare on a commercial laying farm

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-88347-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kate I. Norman ◽

Claire A. Weeks ◽

John F. Tarlton ◽

Christine J. Nicol

Keyword(s):

Early Life ◽

Life Experience ◽

Later Life ◽

Welfare Benefits ◽

Early Life Experience ◽

Bone Damage ◽

Specific Learning

AbstractTo access resources in commercial laying houses hens must move between levels with agility to avoid injury. This study considered whether providing ramps during rear improved the ability of birds to transition between levels. Twelve commercial flocks (2000 birds/flock) on a multi-age site were examined between 1 and 40 weeks of age. All birds had access to elevated perching structures from 4 days of age. Six treatment flocks were also provided with ramps during rear to facilitate access to these structures. Flocks were visited three times during rear and three times at lay to record transitioning behaviour and use of the elevated structures, together with scores for keel bone and feather damage. Ramp reared flocks used the elevated structures to a greater extent at rear (P = 0.001) and at lay, when all flocks had ramps, showed less hesitancy [i.e. pacing (P = 0.002), crouching (P = 0.001) and wing-flapping (P = 0.001)] in accessing levels. Mean levels of keel bone damage were reduced in ramp reared flocks (52%) compared with control flocks (64.8%) at 40 weeks of age (P = 0.028). The early life experience of the ramp reared flocks enabled specific learning that translated and persisted in later life and resulted in overall welfare benefits.

Download Full-text