Doing change and continuity: age identity and the micro–macro divide

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIRJO NIKANDER

ABSTRACTThis paper is a study of the discursive management of notions of change and continuity in interview talk. It presents selected short empirical examples from interviews with 22 Finnish baby-boomers, and discusses the methodological and theoretical issues that arise. Following a review of the major approaches to the study of age identity, the analytic intersection between qualitative gerontology and discursive psychology is explored. The analysis identifies how the frequent use of a ‘provisional continuity device’ enables speakers simultaneously both to acknowledge and to distance themselves from factual notions of physical or psychological lifespan change. The key methodological argument is that the discursive analysis of age-in-interaction cannot necessarily be achieved through the myopic micro-study of discursive strategies, but rather two suggestions are made. First, it is argued that analytically-anchored and rigorous discursive gerontology that both systematically draws on and contributes to the broad field of discursive research provides a means by which to test empirically post-modern conceptualisations of age identity. Second, it is suggested that analyses of age-talk in everyday and institutional settings provide an analytical and theoretical middle-ground between the macroversusmicro or ‘microfication’ debate in gerontology.

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 441-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory Barker

Launched in 2013, Amazon Studios’s Pilot Season reportedly offers an alternative to the conventional Hollywood development cycle by soliciting viewer feedback through short surveys and star reviews to determine which projects are developed into original series. However, while Amazon Studios publicly assures us that viewers “Call the Shots,” the company has swiftly navigated away from such participatory discourse. Through a discursive analysis of promotional materials, executive and talent interviews, and responses from trade presses and critics, this article unpacks how Amazon Studios diminished the import of viewer feedback at the first sign of significant attention from the critical community and subsequently shifted to promotional discourses centered on markers of “Quality TV.” This case ultimately demonstrates that, as discursive strategies, participatory culture and Quality TV serve distinctive functions for the industry, with the former often relegated to attention-seeking gimmick and the latter functioning as a powerful tool of legitimation.


Author(s):  
Pingyan Li ◽  
Mengxiao Chen ◽  
Jianxin Yang

The paper makes a discursive analysis of the news value construction in the headlines of new media news. The data chosen is 59 news headlines on coverage of Zimbabwe Crisis released in the apps of BBC from November 6th to November 18th 2017. The data indicates a chronological variance of the news values in the headlines. Specifically, eliteness and negativity are values constantly occurring in the headlines throughout the crisis report. The value of positivity appears only at the final stage of the news coverage. The value of timeliness emerges at the final four days of the news coverage. The value of suspense appears at the middle stage of the event. The value of proximity is employed when the detention just occurred. In terms of the linguistic realization of those news values, the study finds that the frequent use of some words contributed to the realization of news values. This study is important in that it reveals how language resources are used by newsmakers to construct news value in the headlines and how news values are realized in the context of communication.


2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Lúcia de A. L. Coelho ◽  
Christiane K. Godoi

O discurso da sustentabilidade imiscuiu-se no jargão dos negócios e tornou-se uma palavra de ordem no âmbito organizacional. Percebe-se que a mídia também ampliou a atenção, cujos protestos e causas ambientais realizados por meio da mídia passam a ser notícias de destaque. Norteado por fundamentos da análise sociológica do discurso, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a coerência entre as estratégias discursivas sobre sustentabilidade, extraídas dos Relatórios de Sustentabilidade (RS) de empresas de capital aberto com ações listadas na Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo, e as práticas ambientais dessas empresas relatadas no discurso midiático. No interior dos RS, além da análise discursiva de elementos norteadores da estratégia organizacional (discursos sobre missão, visão, princípios, crenças e valores), o estudo analisou outros trechos que forneceram o contexto para a interpretação discursiva. Em contraposição ao discurso institucional, foram analisadas as práticas dessas empresas relatadas pelo discurso midiático - jornais e revistas de grande circulação no país. Evidenciaram-se diversas incoerências entre os princípios norteadores das empresas e o discurso midiático. Observou-se que os padrões e funções discursivos transmitidos pelos RS, buscando uma imagem de empresa sustentável, operam de forma ideológica, procurando legitimidade por meio da repetição. Os RS apresentam-se como discursos prescritivos propondo regras de conduta e emitindo conselhos. Trata-se de discursos brilhantes na forma, acompanhados de símbolos e pobres de idéias, no sentido pejorativo da retórica. O estudo instiga reflexões acerca do accountability institucional e midiático e entre as contradições presentes no discurso e na prática institucional no que tange à sustentabilidade. Palavras-chave:Estratégias discursivas; padrões e funções discursivos; accountability; relatório de sustentabilidade. ABSTRACT Sustainability discourse has blended in business jargon becoming a watchword in organizational field. The media has also increased attention, whose protests and environmental causes have become prominent. This study examines the coherence between discursive strategies on sustainability, extracted from Sustainability Reports (SRs) of companies listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange – BM&FBOVESPA, and environmental practices of these companies reported in media discourse. Discursive analysis of the guiding elements of organizational strategy (mission, vision, principles, beliefs and values discourses) within the SRs and media discourses – wide circulation newspapers and magazines in Brazil were contrasted and analyzed. The results showed several inconsistencies between institutional and media discourses. Discursive patterns and functions provided by the SRs operate ideologically and seek legitimacy through repetition. SRs presented prescriptive discourses and proposed rules of conduct and advices. The institutional discourses are brilliant in form and poor in ideas. This article contributes in order to reflect on institutional and media accountability and contradictions present both in discourse and institutional practices in regard to company sustainability. Keywords: discursive strategies; institutional and media discourses; accountability; Sustainability Report (SR).


2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-279
Author(s):  
Zeynep Cihan Koca-Helvacı

Abstract Since the public’s awareness and interest in the usage of biotechnology in agriculture has increased drastically, this study seeks to discover the macro and micro discursive strategies in corporate image building by Monsanto, which is not only the leader but also happens to be the most criticized company of the agribusiness market (Mitchell, 2014). By means of triangulating the Socio-Cognitive Approach (van Dijk, 1995), Legitimation Theory (van Leeuwen, 2007) and Corpus Linguistic techniques, discourse topics, group schemata and legitimation strategies were investigated to understand how Monsanto presents its self-image through the sustainability reports of 2014 and 2015. It is seen that Monsanto’s self-presentation is heavily built upon scientific expertise, authority figures, dynamism and altruism with the claim of providing safe and affordable food for everyone. One of the most striking findings is the agribusiness giant’s frequent use of the negative mental imagery associated with climate change and population growth to justify the need for its genetically engineered products for a sustainable world.


2020 ◽  
pp. 096366252098172
Author(s):  
Sharon Coen ◽  
Joanne Meredith ◽  
Ruth Woods ◽  
Ana Fernandez

This article explores how readers of UK newspapers construct expertise around climate change. It draws on 300 online readers’ comments on news items in The Guardian, Daily Mail and The Telegraph, concerning the release of the International Panel on Climate Change report calling for immediate action on climate change. Comments were analysed using discursive psychology. We identified a series of discursive strategies that commenters adopted to present themselves as experts in their commentary. The (mostly indirect) use of category entitlements (implicitly claiming themselves as expert) and the presentation of one’s argument as factual (based on direct or indirect technical knowledge or common sense) emerged as common ways in which readers made claims to expertise, both among the supporters and among the sceptics of climate change science. Our findings indicate that expertise is a fluid concept, constructed in diverse ways, with important implications for public engagement with climate change science.


Author(s):  
Albert Guziak

The aim of this article is to find out what the status of English, currently the primary working language within the EU institutions, might look like once the United Kingdom leaves the EU structures. To that end, this paper will analyse a selection of press articles. Although the manner in which the so-called Brexit will take place is still uncertain, a diverse range of opinions and prognostications on what will happen to English is being expressed publicly, taking into consideration many factors (political, sociological and purely linguistic) which may contribute to a possible scenario or scenarios. This article does not lay claim to submitting any firm or reliable vision of the future as none such exists elsewhere. This paper intends to analyze some discursive strategies employed by the authors of the articles to place the discussed subject into a discursive framework by using tools of critical discourse analysis which mainly focus on the relation of power and language.


2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry Alons

AbstractWhile contestation between competing policy paradigms is usually considered to hamper the policy-making process, this article develops an argument explaining how paradigmatic contestation can also help policymakers obtain their preferred policies. Based on a typology of three paradigm situations – paradigm dominance, paradigmatic contestation and paradigm mixes – this article introduces three different types of strategies (paradigm stretching, banking on inconsistencies and commensurability framing) and explains why more strategies become available when a policy field moves from a situation of paradigmatic dominance to one of contestation and paradigm mixes. An analysis of the introduction and development of direct income payments in the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy, subsequently illustrates how a shift in paradigm situation affected the European Commission’s discursive strategies and shaped the development of direct payments through consecutive reforms. Reflecting on sectoral and institutional variations, the article also discusses the applicability of these findings to other institutional settings and policy fields.


Author(s):  
Camilla Dindler ◽  
Bolette B. Blaagaard

This article argues that Danish journalistic boundary producing practices and principles uphold a representation of racial disparity. Based on critical theories of race and racism in journalism and a boundary work framework, we conduct a discursive analysis of two collective case studies that encompass 56 articles and 23 Facebook posts. Focusing mainly on 1) the construction of knowledge about potential racism, 2) who are positioned as authorities on the topic of racism, and 3) who are missing among the potential actors in the stories, we identify meta-journalistic discourses and the (re)establishment of journalistic principles and practices. We conclude that journalistic norms and practices, for now, withstand the challenges posed by minority media’s call for the recognition of race as structure by applying discursive strategies of firstly rejecting racism as structure and secondly asserting principles and practices of specific kinds of objectivity, utilising, for instance, elite sources.


2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Pitkala ◽  
J. V. Laurila ◽  
T. E. Strandberg ◽  
R. S. Tilvis

Objectives: To describe the prevalence of various psychiatric and behavioral symptoms among patients with dementia in nursing homes and acute geriatric wards and to investigate the administration of psychotropic medications to these patients.Methods: 425 consecutive patients (>70 years) in six acute geriatric wards in two city hospitals and seven nursing homes in Helsinki, Finland, were assessed with an extensive interview, cognitive tests, and attention tests. Of these, 255 were judged to have dementia according to the following information: previous dementia diagnoses and their adequacy, results of CT scans, Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) tests, Clinical Dementia Scale (CDR) tests, and DSM-IV criteria. Psychiatric and behavioral symptoms were recorded over two weeks for each patient.Results: Psychiatric and behavioral symptoms were very common among patients with dementia in both settings. In all, 48% presented with psychotic symptoms (delusions, visual or auditory hallucinations, misidentifications or paranoid symptoms), 43% with depression, 26% agitation, and 26% apathy. Use of psychotropic drugs was also common: 87% were on at least one psychotropic drug, 66% took at least two, 36% at least three, and 11% four or more psychotropic drugs. Of the patients with dementia, 42% were on conventional antipsychotics, and 34% on anxiolytics despite their known side-effects. Only 13% were on atypical antipsychotics and 3% on cholinesterase inhibitors. The use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) was common (31%) among the patients. A surprising finding was that drugs with anticholinergic effects were also frequently (20%) used.Conclusion: Both behavioural symptoms and use of psychotropic drugs are very common among dementia patients in institutional settings. The frequent use of potentially harmful drugs implies a need for education among physicians taking care of these patients.


2021 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 04032
Author(s):  
Lidiya Girya ◽  
Ekaterina Zorenko ◽  
Nikita Ulianov ◽  
Dmitriy Egorov ◽  
Aleksey Nechepurenko

The relevance of the article consists in the most frequent use of computer-aided information systems in all human sectors, including building management. These measures implementation may entail more efficient resource use and make citizens lives easier and better. The study seeks to develop a model for computer-aided project managing residential complexes and business centers based on digital technologies. For this reason, the following tasks were completed: we studied the theoretical issues of computer- aided real estate management; defined the product requirements from the perspective management company; analyzed the usefulness of introducing a product for a management company; evaluated the economic efficiency. We have identified solutions that help save and optimize the use of resources. Under this study we identified the solutions enforcing careful and optimized use of resources.


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