scholarly journals Katznelson's Working Within the System Now

1994 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Lizabeth Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Liberal State ◽  
Free Markets ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Epistemological Crises ◽  
Liberal Vision ◽  
Liberal Political Theory

Germany has been reunified. The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe have fractured into ethnically defined nationalist republics trying to dismantle decades of communist political and economic structures and replace them with free markets and free marketplaces of ideas. It seems only fitting that Ira Katznelson should publically embrace liberal political theory with a new “zest for political engagement”, enthusiastically endorsing the old liberal vision of political science as a discipline, and thrusting both onto labor historians as the perfect solution to political and epistemological crises in their field.In response, I would say to Katznelson, “You're working within the system now, but do we all need to?” Even more significantly, did the working-class populations we study operate within a liberal framework sufficiently enough to make liberal, state-centered concerns—the relationships and negotiations between actors in civil society (particularly articulated through unions and parties) and the liberal state—the “most potent tools” for political and historical analysis?

Reagan ’s Democratic Revolution

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Smith
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
World Order ◽  
Current Strength ◽  
Apparent Contradiction ◽  
Free Markets ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Democratic Revolution ◽  
Constructive Engagement

This chapter examines Ronald Reagan's commitment to the tenets of liberal democratic internationalism, and in particular his promotion of a global “democratic revolution” characterized by an apparent contradiction between activism and moderation in American foreign policy. It begins with a discussion of the Reagan administration's strategy that called for a a minimal effort on its part to realize its vision of a world order dominated by democratic governments, with emphasis on three key operational programs: “constructive engagement”; the push for antistatist, free markets abroad; and the Reagan Doctrine. The chapter then considers the role played by the Reagan administration's policies to the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union and the succeeding prestige of democratic governance worldwide. It argues that the American role in the spread of democracy worldwide in the twentieth century was a necessary, but not sufficient, cause for the current strength of democratic government.

The Soviet and Western theories of financial management – The competition or the partnership?

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 991-1016
Author(s):  
A.G. Lukin
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Effective System

Subject. This article explores the main points of the theory of financial management, developed within the framework of the Western general theory of finance, and the theory of financial management developed in the Soviet Union. Objectives. The article aims to substantiate an idea that these theories are complementary, and their harmonious application can help build the most effective system of financial relations management at both the macro-and microeconomic levels. Methods. For the study, I used a dialectical approach and the methods of comparison, analysis and synthesis, and historical analysis. Results. The article substantiates the point that the methodology of Western financial management theory is aimed at managing external financial flows and combating external financial risks. It notes that the Soviet theory regulates methods and techniques of financial management within the business entity or the State. Conclusions. Theoretical updating of the Soviet practices of financial management combined with the modern achievements of financial management theory will create conditions for the formation of an optimal financial management structure at both the micro-and macroeconomic levels. This can improve the efficiency of financial management, in general. Renewed interest in the theoretical developments of the Soviet Union will contribute to the development of financial science at the present stage.

The development of trade relations between the Republic of Cyprus and the Soviet Union (1960-1963)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
Argyrios Tasoulas
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
International Crises ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus

This article studies the development of Soviet-Cypriot trade relations in 1960-63, based on research at the Archives of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation (AVP RF). Concurrently, a historical analysis follows the events after the creation of the new Cypriot state and the two major Cold War crises (the building of the Berlin wall and the Cuban missile crisis). The efforts made by both governments to develop bilateral trade, the aftermath of the two major international crises and the results of the two governments’ policies have been identified and analyzed.

scholarly journals Diseases of the Indigenous Peoples of Yakutia in Photo Projects of the Late XIX ‒ First Third of the XX Centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-119
Author(s):  
Stepanova Lena B. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Foreign Population ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Medical Photography

Disease theme of indigenous population of the Northern national outskirts of Russia, as well as the study of special knowledge in the field of traditional medicine and healing practices, for a long time belonged to the taboo part of knowledge. However, at the beginning of the twentieth century, there was a turning point in the visual culture of region, when the picture of diseases was expressed through the camera and became public. There are works of photographers documenting the course of the most dangerous diseases, such as leprosy and external manifestations of mental disorders. The aim of this study is to study external factors that influenced the genesis of the “medical” series of visual images of the population of Northeast Asia. The research methodology is based on a cultural and historical analysis of the events that preceded its appearance and subsequent application in medical practice in order to document the course of diseases in the Soviet period. This article presents the results of a brief review of the prehistory of the “medical” direction in ethnographic photography of the Yakut region. The circle of photographers of the Yakut region is defined, where stories illustrating the diseases that the local population suffered from are reflected. At the beginning of the twentieth century, footage of medical practices and shamanistic rituals for healing were presented in the photo projects by I. V. Popov and A. P. Kurochkin. In the 1920s-1930s. the genre of “medical photography” is represented by the works of the doctor-epidemiologist T. A. Kolpakova, military surgeon E. A. Dubrovin, unknown with the initial “D”, who worked in the medical detachment of the Commission for the Study the Productive Forces of the Yakut Republic (CYR) The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union and the People’s Committee the Health of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The experience of studying this topic serves as a clear illustration of the specifics of the region and in some way confirms the conclusions made by the participants of numerous expeditions that studied the foreign population of the Yakut region and predicted the inevitable extinction in the future. Keywords: medical anthropology, anthropology of disease, visual research, indigenous people, visual text, visual sources

VOKS, Cultural Diplomacy and the Shadow of the Lubianka: Olavi Paavolainen’s 1939 Visit to the Soviet Union

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1022-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ville Laamanen
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Vice Chairman ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Network Building ◽  
Foreign Countries

Existing scholarship suggests that Stalin’s Great Terror of 1936–8 seriously undermined Soviet cultural diplomacy and forced its main promoter, the All-Union Society for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries (VOKS), to succumb to the strict control of the party and secret police. By contrast, this article argues that by the spring and summer of 1939 VOKS was recovering from stagnation and reintroducing customs from before the Great Terror. Through a micro-historical analysis of Finnish writer Olavi Paavolainen’s exceptionally long visit to the Soviet Union between May and August 1939, the article demonstrates how case studies of select VOKS operations can explain many of the dilemmas and peculiarities of Soviet cultural diplomacy during the thus far scantily researched 1939–41 period. By focusing on the interactions between Paavolainen, the VOKS vice-chairman Grigori Kheifets and Soviet writers, the article illustrates that after the purges, VOKS continued its efforts to disseminate a positive and controlled image of Soviet life by complex means that linked propaganda with network-building. Finally, the article highlights the role of individuals in cultural diplomacy and explores how an outsider perceived the Great Terror’s effects on Soviet cultural intelligentsia.

scholarly journals Popular Attitudes toward Markets and Democracy: Russia and United States Compared 25 Years Later

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 224-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Boycko ◽  
Robert J. Shiller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Free Markets ◽  
International Differences ◽  
Survey Questions ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Stability

We repeat a survey we did in the waning days of the Soviet Union (Shiller, Boycko and Korobov, AER 1991) comparing attitudes towards free markets between Moscow and New York. Additional survey questions, from Gibson Duch and Tedin (J. Politics 1992) are added to compare attitudes towards democracy. Two comparisons are made: between countries, and through time, to explore the existence of international differences in allegiance to democratic free-market institutions, and the stability of these differences.

scholarly journals Institutionalization of morality on the example of the comrades’ courts of the 20th century

Polylogos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (№ 3 (17)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Sofia Glebova
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Comparative Historical Analysis ◽  
New Type ◽  
Type Of Institution

In the context of the general actualization of ethical issues a new type of institution of moral assessment is more and more in demand, which are ethical commissions. When conducting a comparative analysis of the procedure for meetings of ethical commissions and comrade courts, a number of coincidences are found, which give grounds for referring to historical experience as a basis for (un) recognition of the effectiveness of such an approach. The aim of the study is to provide the most complete description of the experience of comradely ships during the period of the most active work in the Soviet Union. Traditionally, comrades' courts are considered from the point of view of legal practice, in this sense, this article is of interest to the scientific community. Using the method of comparative historical analysis, as well as with the help of a specific sociological approach, the process of development of fellow authors and the influence of the institution on society were analyzed. The materials of decisions, decrees and decrees regulating the work of comrade courts were studied, assessments of specialists on this issue, including contemporaries and drafters of regulatory documents, and research on the culture of our time, which makes it possible to determine the degree of influence of comrade courts on public morality and on society as a whole. The reasons for the incomplete fulfillment of the tasks facing the institute in different periods of activity are considered, and general recommendations are formulated for the development of these commissions on the basis of grounds.  

Virtue and the Making of Modern Liberalism. By Peter Berkowitz. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1999. 235p. $27.95.

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-202
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Grasso
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Liberal State ◽  
Limited Government ◽  
Princeton University ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
The Family ◽  
Liberal Societies ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Liberal Political Theory

"For quite a while," Peter Berkowitz notes, "leading aca- demic liberals and their best-known critics formed an unwit- ting alliance, promulgating the view that liberal political theory" ignores the whole subject of virtue and cultivation (p. 170). If that view is correct, this neglect not only would spawn "fatal theoretical lacunae" (p. 4) but also would raise serious doubts about liberalism's capacity to sustain the "qualities of mind and character" (p. 172) required for "the operation and maintenance" of "free and democratic institutions" (p. 6). In recent years, however, a new generation of liberals have challenged this widely held view. Thinkers such as William Galston and Stephen Macedo acknowledge that liberal re- gimes depend "upon a specific set of virtues," which "they do not automatically produce" (pp. 27­8). Their work points toward the "dependence" of liberal societies on "extraliberal and nongovernmental sources of virtue" (p. 28), such as "the family, religion and the array of associations in civil society" (p. 6). Simultaneously, they insist that "limited government is not the same as neutral government" (p. 173), and they affirm "that the liberal state, within bounds, ought to pursue liberal purposes" and, thus, "may, within limits, foster virtues" that serve these purposes (p. xii).

scholarly journals The Creation of a Contemporary Estonian Identity

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Taylor Trummel
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Citizenship Laws

With the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, and subsequent independence of Estonia, the power-holding ethnic Russians suddenly found themselves as outcast minorities within the borders of this Baltic country. Various legal and social measures taken by Estonia to reassert its cultural history and political power marginalized c in the country. In creating a modern state, Estonia’s interest to identify with the European community prompted its effort to join the European Union. Such motivation pushed the nation toward multilateral negotiations to comply with requirements of international standards for the fair treatment of minorities. In this paper, an analysis of the implications of historical narratives in identity formation and minority marginalization offers a lens to examine the power of multilateral organizations in providing oversight and incentives to newly independent states. This oversight can be perceived to be in humanitarian interest, but should also be considered for its economic and geopolitical interests. Estonia’s citizenship laws, European identity, and stateless persons provide a case study for such historical analysis.

scholarly journals Civic Identity: Diversity of Meanings and Achievement of Solidarity

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-658
Author(s):  
Maria M. Mchedlova ◽  
Hovhannes L. Sargsyan
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Shared Vision ◽  
Civic Identity ◽  
Common Basis ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Political Theories ◽  
Identity Concept

The concept of identity reflects the ongoing shifts in political theories when external parameters that did not previously fall into the optics of political research become a part of political reflection and political analysis. Emphasizing sociocultural issues captures not only the departure from the linear normativity of political theory and pragmatics but also the search for modern explanatory models that cannot be reduced merely to institutional determinism. The controversy and ambiguity of the civic identity concept are imposed on the need for interpreting the formation of civic communities in the newly emerged independent countries after the collapse of the Soviet Union (on the example of Russia and Armenia), including the possibilities of protest and project identity. Methodologically the article is based on the perception that the construction of civic identity cannot be reduced to the normative understanding only. The authors bring out the causal complexes that predetermine the construction of civic identity, while also highlighting the differences in how civic communities and their value focuses are perceived and constructed in Russia and Armenia. The authors also define the general features of civic identity, which can be described as a common basis of solidarity, the removal of particularity and a shared vision of the future.

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