Raising Beef Cattle on the Welsh Hills

1949 ◽  
Vol 1949 ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Bennett Evans
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Stone Wall ◽  
The Hill

I am not setting up to be an expert on the raising of store cattle in general and I propose now to tell you something of my own experiences from the Hill Farmers', angle and to air my favourite theory that a tremendous increase in beef production (as well as in other commodities) could come from the upland grazings of this island. The question I asked myself ,right away, back in 1930, was would cattle live on the hills during the winter? All that I ever saw on the hills were just the local small.herds in summer on the rough grazings on what we call in Wales, Ffridd land, in Scotland, and North of England, Inbye land; enclosed by a fence or a stone wall, near the homestead.

Beef Cattle Production and Trade

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Australian Experience

Beef Cattle Production and Trade covers all aspects of the beef industry from paddock to plate. It is an international text with an emphasis on Australian beef production, written by experts in the field. The book begins with an overview of the historical evolution of world beef consumption and introductory chapters on carcass and meat quality, market preparation and world beef production. North America, Brazil, China, South-East Asia and Japan are discussed in separate chapters, followed by Australian beef production, including feed lotting and live export. The remaining chapters summarise R&D, emphasising the Australian experience, and look at different production systems and aspects of animal husbandry such as health, reproduction, grazing, feeding and finishing, genetics and breeding, production efficiency, environmental management and business management. The final chapter examines various case studies in northern and southern Australia, covering feed demand and supply, supplements, pasture management, heifer and weaner management, and management of internal and external parasites.

Growth of carcass joints and tissues in steers of three breed types fed two dietary energy levels

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 13-13
Author(s):  
M. G. Keane ◽  
G. J. More O’ Ferrall ◽  
J. Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Breed Type ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Metabolisable Energy

Factors which affect the carcass composition of beef cattle include breed type, plane of nutrition and slaughter weight. With increasing weight, the relative proportions of the carcass joints and tissues change and if these changes were known or could be predicted then cattle could be slaughtered at the desired carcass composition. Dairy bred calves for beef production can be classified into three breed categories -straightbred Friesians, early maturing beef breed x Friesians and late maturing beef breed x Friesians. The objectives of the present study were to compare the changes in carcass composition associated with changes in slaughter weight in Friesian (FF), Hereford x Friesian (HF) and Charolais x Friesian (CF) steers and to determine the effects of dietary metabolisable energy (ME) content.

BRAHMAN-BRITISH BEEF CATTLE CROSSES IN CANADA: I. WEANED CALF PRODUCTION UNDER RANGE CONDITIONS

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Peters ◽  
S. B. Slen
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Extended Study ◽  
Breeding Group ◽  
Hereford Cattle

Three Brahman (B) bulls were mated with Hereford (H), Angus (A) and Shorthorn (S) cows and the F1 progenies were evaluated for beef production in comparison with grade Hereford cattle under range conditions in southeastern Alberta. The crossbred heifers were mated with Hereford bulls, as were their [Formula: see text]-Brahman female progenies. Calves were weaned on November 1 at 6 to 7 months of age.Each of the three Brahman-sire progeny groups, numbering 12, 6 and 146 calves born, averaged higher than contemporary Herefords in performance.B × A and B × S cows surpassed all other groups in weaned calf crop percentage. Hereford calves were lighter than F1 and heavier than [Formula: see text]-Brahman calves at birth. Breeding-group means and standard errors for weaning weight were (a) Generation 1: Hereford, 155 ± 2.2; B × H, 165 ± 2.4; B × A, 176 ± 2.9; and B × S, 175 ± 3.2 kg; (b) Generation 2: Hereford, 150 ± 2.7; H × (B × H), 184 ± 2.2; H × (B + A), 191 ± 2.4; and H × (B × S), 195 ± 2.6 kg; and (c) Generation 3: Hereford, 152 ± 3.8; H × [H × (B × H)], 170 ± 3.2; H × [H × (B × A)], 182 ± 4.1; and H × [H × (B × S)], 186 ± 4.0 kg.An extended study of B × H and Hereford cows showed the crossbreds to be superior in longevity and lifetime productivity.Further exploratory crossbreeding including the Brahman is in progress at the Lethbridge Research Station.

A note on estimates of the repeatability of weaning weight in beef cattle

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Kilkenny
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Weaning Weight

Profitable beef production in stickler herds depends upon each cow within the herd producing a heavy, well-grown calf every year. The weight of the weaned calf has a large effect on the producer's income. The pedigree beef breeder therefore needs to select female lines within his herd which produce calves above the herd average weight at weaning.

Effects of production and marketing circumstances on economic values for beef production traits

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Koots ◽  
J. P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Production System ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Mature Size

The effect of altering production and marketing circumstances on economic values is quantified for a complete beef production system. Absolute and relative economic values were found to vary substantially with large, but realistic fluctuations in prices and costs. In addition, several examples of different management and different genotypes gave markedly different economic values than in the base situation. Also investigated were the effects of rescaling the enterprise to accommodate three alternative limitations; fixed feed available from pasture, fixed dollars available for feed or fixed amount of beef produced. The effects of rescaling were highly dependent on whether or not fixed costs were accounted for. When fixed costs were ignored (corresponding to a small positive profit) the economic value for mature size decreased while that for fertility increased, but other traits were largely unaffected by rescaling. Overall, production circumstances that reduced survival and fertility yielded the largest changes to economic values. Key words: Economic values, beef cattle, rescaling

scholarly journals Forecasting beef production and quality using large-scale integrated data from Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Cardoso Ferreira Aiken ◽  
Arthur Francisco Araújo Fernandes ◽  
Tiago Luciano Passafaro ◽  
Juliano Sabella Acedo ◽  
Fábio Guerra Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Level ◽  
Parameter Tuning ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Testing Set

Abstract With agriculture rapidly becoming a data-driven field, it is imperative to extract useful information from large data collections to optimize the production systems. We compared the efficacy of regression (linear regression or generalized linear regression [GLR] for continuous or categorical outcomes, respectively), random forests (RF) and multilayer neural networks (NN) to predict beef carcass weight (CW), age when finished (AS), fat deposition (FD), and carcass quality (CQ). The data analyzed contained information on over 4 million beef cattle from 5,204 farms, corresponding to 4.3% of Brazil’s national production between 2014 and 2016. Explanatory variables were integrated from different data sources and encompassed animal traits, participation in a technical advising program, nutritional products sold to farms, economic variables related to beef production, month when finished, soil fertility, and climate in the location in which animals were raised. The training set was composed of information collected in 2014 and 2015, while the testing set had information recorded in 2016. After parameter tuning for each algorithm, models were used to predict the testing set. The best model to predict CW and AS was RF (CW: predicted root mean square error = 0.65, R2 = 0.61, and mean absolute error = 0.49; AS: accuracy = 28.7%, Cohen’s kappa coefficient [Kappa] = 0.08). While the best approach for FD and CQ was GLR (accuracy = 45.7%, Kappa = 0.05, and accuracy = 58.7%, Kappa = 0.09, respectively). Across all models, there was a tendency for better performance with RF and regression and worse with NN. Animal category, nutritional plan, cattle sales price, participation in a technical advising program, and climate and soil in which animals were raised were deemed important for prediction of meat production and quality with regression and RF. The development of strategies for prediction of livestock production using real-world large-scale data will be core to projecting future trends and optimizing the allocation of resources at all levels of the production chain, rendering animal production more sustainable. Despite beef cattle production being a complex system, this analysis shows that by integrating different sources of data it is possible to forecast meat production and quality at the national level with moderate-high levels of accuracy.

The influence of breed and sex on carcass characters of beef cattle bred in dairy herds

1961 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Latham ◽  
C. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
East Anglia ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Relative Value

During a survey of beef production in East Anglia carcasses of 163 Friesian, 87 Dairy Shorthorn and 45 Aberdeen-Angus × Friesian steers and 44 Aberdeen-Angus × Friesian heifers were measured and scored by visual assessment for fat development. They were also graded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food.Age data indicated that the Friesian steers were, on average, younger at slaughter than the other groups, but they were incomplete and comparison was based on carcasses of the same weight. The Dairy Shorthorn steers had higher mean values than Friesians in three of the carcass measurements taken. The Dairy Shorthorns had a higher average fatness score and a higher proportion of Grade A carcasses. Aberdeen-Angus × Friesian steers had lower mean values for measurements of the hind leg, higher fatness scores and a higher proportion of Grade A carcasses than either of the two pure breeds. Aberdeen-Angus × Friesian heifers had lower mean values for measurements of both fore and hind legs, higher fatness scores and a slightly higher proportion of Grade A carcasses than the steers.The information gained by use of measurements and fatness scores explained, but did not materially add to, the assessment of the relative value of the groups of carcasses given by grade.

scholarly journals The Effort of Beef Needs Supplying for Coming Years in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-59
Author(s):  
Supardi Rusdiana ◽  
Ismail Ismail ◽  
Rusli Sulaiman ◽  
Amiruddin Amiruddin ◽  
Razali Daud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
High Price ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
The Government ◽  
Beef Prices

The increase in beef production is constrained by the slow growth of beef cattle population which is caused by the cattle breeding business that is considered less commercially profitable. The supplying of beef needs in a critical and effective manner is always increasing each year, so the price of beef is fluctuate. The various priority concept of the government's main program for the development of beef cattle is always done in every region in Indonesia. But the production of beef is still less and the government have to import the beef to fulfill the beef production. Therefore, this issues need necessary operational steps to provide more open space for some factors and leverage points in the supplying of beef needs. The purpose of this review is to examine the efforts to supply beef needs for the future in Indonesia critically. The high price of beef is not a mistake of the government. Basically, the government has tried to make the beef cattle population increased, to fulfill the consumer needs and the prices of beef is affordable for the customer. To cope with the higher beef prices, the government is make a policy of developing small, medium-sized, and big beef cattle breeding industries through seed cattle spreads on plantations of oil palm, rubber and cultivable fields for the development of beef cattle population. It is expected that in the coming year, beef cattle business can be oriented to agribusiness bussiness so that farmer's welfare will increase and can support Indonesia as the world food granary.

scholarly journals FACTORS INFLUENCING CHANGES OF BEEF CATTLE HERD QUANTITY AND SIZE: CASE OF LATVIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andra ZVIRBULE ◽  
Raivis ANDERSONS
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Factors Affecting

Beef production volumes in Latvia have been different over a long period of time, beef output growth has been noted, as well as its sharp decrease, so it is important to analyze, what are the most important factors that are affecting beef production volumes, that will give an idea of the possibilities for beef market regulation. Consequently, the study objective can be defined: Identify factors affecting beef production in Latvia. For this research statistical methods, correlation analysis, induction, deduction, analysis and synthesis were used. These methods gave an accurate picture of factors that are affecting beef production volumes. According to the results, it can be concluded that beef production volumes are significantly affected by such factors as demand for beef. The results of this research indicate that Latvia beef production volumes are affected by the market demand. As an essential factor for increasing the number of beef cattle in Latvia, export opportunities are available where increasing amount of fresh or chilled beef exported in EUR is increasing the number of suckler cows, where there is a close positive relationship (r = 0.76), which indicates an increase in demand from Latvian meat beef holding output. The quality of the soil in the region and climatic conditions will affect the specialization of farms. The largest number of bovine animals is grown in regions of Vidzeme and Latgale, where average cereal production is lowest per hectare. Pierīga and Zemgale regions have high crop yields on average per hectare, so in this region the number of bovine animals is the smallest.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Satellite-Derived Vegetation Indices and Live Weight Changes of Beef Cattle in Extensive Grazing Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 4132
Author(s):  
Christie Pearson ◽  
Patrick Filippi ◽  
Luciano A. González
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Forest Modelling ◽  
Extensive Grazing ◽  
The Relationship

The live weight (LW) and live weight change (LWC) of cattle in extensive beef production is associated with pasture availability and quality. The remote monitoring of pastures and cattle LWC can be achieved with a combination of satellite imagery and walk-over-weighing (WoW) stations. The objective of the present study is to determine the association, if any, between vegetation indices (VIs) (pasture availability) and the LWC of beef cattle in an extensive breeding operation in Northern Australia. The study also tests a suite of VIs along with variables such as rainfall and Julian day to predict the LWC of breeding cows. The VIs were calculated from Sentinel-2 satellite imagery over a 2-year period from a paddock with 378 cattle. Animal LW was measured remotely using a weighing scale at the water point. The relationship between VIs, the LWC, and LW was assessed using linear mixed-effects regression models and random forest modelling. Findings demonstrate that all VIs calculated had a significant positive relationship with the LWC and LW (p < 0.001). Machine learning predictive modelling showed that the LWC of breeding cows could be predicted from VIs, Julian day, and rainfall information, with a Lin’s Concordance Correlation Coefficient of 0.62 when using the leave-one-month-out cross-validation. The LW and LWC were greater during the wet season when VIs were higher compared to the dry season (p < 0.001). Results suggest that the remote monitoring of pasture availability, the LWC and LW is possible under extensive grazing conditions. Further, the use of VIs and other readily available data such as rainfall can be used to predict the LWC of a breeding herd in extensive conditions. Such information could be used to increase the productivity and land management in extensive beef production. The integration of these data streams offers great potential to improve the monitoring, management, and productivity of grazing or cropping enterprises.

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