Relative risk of irritable bowel syndrome following acute gastroenteritis and associated risk factors

SUMMARYA prospective cohort study using electronic medical records was undertaken to estimate the relative risk (RR) of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) following acute gastroenteritis (GE) in primary-care patients in The Netherlands and explore risk factors. Patients aged 18–70 years who consulted for GE symptoms from 1998 to 2009, met inclusion/exclusion criteria and had at least 1 year of follow-up data were included. Patients with non-GE consultations, matched by age, gender, consulting practice and time of visit, served as the reference group. At 1 year, 1·2% of GE patients (N = 2428) had been diagnosed with IBS compared to 0·3% of the reference group (N = 2354). GE patients had increased risk of IBS [RR 4·85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2·02–11·63]. For GE patients, concomitant cramps and history of psycho-social consultations were significantly associated with increased risk. GE patients had increased risk of IBS up to 5 years post-exposure (RR 5·40, 95% CI 2·60–11·24), suggesting there may be other contributing factors.

Download Full-text

After Elective Sigmoid Colectomy for Diverticulitis, Does Recurrence-Free Mean Symptom-Free?

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313482008600128 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 49-55

Author(s):

Karmina K. Choi ◽

Kevin Krautsak ◽

Jessica Martinolich ◽

Jonathan J. Canete ◽

Brian T. Valerian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Relative Risk ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Sigmoid Colectomy ◽

Persistent Symptoms ◽

Abdominal Symptoms ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Irritable Bowel

After elective sigmoidectomy for diverticulitis, patients may experience persistent abdominal symptoms. This study aimed to determine the incidence and characteristics of persistent symptoms (PSs) and their risk factors in patients who had no reported recurrence after elective sigmoidectomy. Patients who underwent elective sigmoidectomy for diverticulitis from 2002 to 2016 at a tertiary academic colorectal surgery practice were included. After retrospective review of medical records, patients were contacted with a questionnaire to inquire about recurrence of diverticulitis and persistent abdominal symptoms since resection. Outcomes examined were prevalence of and risk factors for PSs after elective sigmoidectomy. Of 662 included patients, 346 completed the questionnaire and had no recurrent diverticulitis. PSs were reported by 43.9 per cent of the patients. The mean follow-up was 87 months. Female gender and preoperative diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome were independent risk factors for PSs (Relative Risk 1.65, P < 0.001 and Relative Risk 1.41, P = 0.014). Previous IVantibiotics treatment was associated with PSs ( P = 0.034) but not with a significant risk factor. As the follow-up interval increased, prevalence of PSs decreased ( P = 0.006). More than 40 per cent of patients experienced persistent abdominal symptoms after sigmoidectomy for diverticulitis. Female patients and those with irritable bowel syndrome were at significantly increased risk.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Risk Factors among 34,111 HAART Naïve HIV-Infected Adults in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

International Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1155/2016/5958382 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Marina Njelekela ◽

Alfa Muhihi ◽

Akum Aveika ◽

Donna Spiegelman ◽

Claudia Hawkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Dar Es Salaam ◽

Hiv Treatment ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Disease Stage ◽

Old Patients ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Background. Elevated blood pressure has been reported among treatment naïve HIV-infected patients. We investigated prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors in a HAART naïve HIV-infected population in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Methods. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among HAART naïve HIV-infected patients. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg. Overweight and obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI) between 25.0–29.9 kg/m2and ≥30 kg/m2, respectively. We used relative risks to examine factors associated with hypertension.Results. Prevalence of hypertension was found to be 12.5%. After adjusting for possible confounders, risk of hypertension was 10% more in male than female patients. Patients aged ≥50 years had more than 2-fold increased risk for hypertension compared to 30–39-years-old patients. Overweight and obesity were associated with 51% and 94% increased risk for hypertension compared to normal weight patients. Low CD4+ T-cell count, advanced WHO clinical disease stage, and history of TB were associated with 10%, 42%, and 14% decreased risk for hypertension.Conclusions. Older age, male gender, and overweight/obesity were associated with hypertension. Immune suppression and history of TB were associated with lower risk for hypertension. HIV treatment programs should screen and manage hypertension even in HAART naïve individuals.

Download Full-text

Risk Factors Associated With Development of Post-Infection Irritable Bowel Syndrome Following Acute Gastroenteritis in a Large Urban Healthcare Center

The American Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.14309/00000434-201810001-00456 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S265

Author(s):

Samuel C. Muench ◽

Olga C. Aroniadis

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Post Infection ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Healthcare Center ◽

Irritable Bowel

Download Full-text

Frequency of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and its Risk Factors among MBBS Students of Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore

10.53350/pjmhs211572062 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 2062-2067

Author(s):

Hafiz Muhammad Tauseef ◽

Hafiz Muhammad Waqas Siddque ◽

Muhammad Farhan Akhtar ◽

Abu Hurera

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Medical Students ◽

Family History ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽

Medical College ◽

History Of ◽

Irritable Bowel

Background: Currently, there is a growing concern towards epidemiological and clinical research on functional gastrointestinal disorders. Irritable Bowel Syndrome is defined as a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain, and altered bowel movements. It is the most common gastrointestinal disorder. It can be diarrhea-predominant IBS, constipation-predominant IBS, and mixed type IBS. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of IBS among medical students of Allama Iqbal Medical College and to determine conditions and lifestyle habits that may act as significant risk factors for developing IBS. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for over 5 months. A sample of 323 individuals was studied whereas the sampled individuals were selected using a "stratified random sampling technique". The study was conducted by collecting data through an online questionnaire during the global COVID pandemic. The questionnaire consisted of three parts. The first section consisted of demographic information, the second section consisted of a standard questionnaire determining the risk factors of IBS i.e., personal food and lifestyle habits, and the last section was aimed at determining whether the person was a case of IBS or not using the widely accepted and used “Rome III Criteria” and determining the predominant pattern of IBS. Results: The frequency of IBS was found to be 15.5%. Analysis of collected data revealed that the predictors for IBS were stress and reduced hours of daily sleep. It was also observed that a positive family history of irritable bowel syndrome predisposed the development of IBS in a person. 30% of subjects with a positive family history of IBS had symptoms suggestive of IBS. Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a high incidence of IBS among medical students because they live under higher stress conditions, concerning their academics and professional duty than students and professionals from other educational fields. Keywords: Irritable bowel syndrome, abdominal pain, stress, food consumption.

Download Full-text

Cyclical vomiting syndrome

10.1093/med/9780198569862.003.0027 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

R. Mark Beattie ◽

Anil Dhawan ◽

John W.L. Puntis

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Risk Factor ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Recurrent Headache ◽

Early School ◽

History Of ◽

Early School Age ◽

Irritable Bowel

Clinical features 200Diagnostic criteria 200Triggers 200Investigation 201Management 201Prophylaxis 202Cyclical vomiting was first described by Samuel Gee in 1882. It refers to intense periods of vomiting with symptom-free intervals. The incidence is unknown. It occurs principally in pre-school or early school age children. Epilepsy is a risk factor. Other risk factors include a history of recurrent headache, migraine (50%), travel sickness, and irritable bowel syndrome (50%) in children and their families....

Download Full-text

Abstract MP66: Excessive Gestational Weight Gain is Associated With Maternal Inflammation and Diabetes Risk but Not Dyslipidemia in Midlife Women- The Study of Womens Health Across the Nation

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.141.suppl_1.mp66 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Franya Hutchins ◽

Samar R El Khoudary ◽

Janet M Catov ◽

Alicia Colvin ◽

Robert Krafty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Relative Risk ◽

High Glucose ◽

Pregnancy Complications ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Excessive Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of

Introduction: Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with long-term increased risk of maternal obesity. However, the literature on whether excessive GWG contributes to an adverse cardiovascular risk profile is minimal and conflicting. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that a history of excessive GWG would be associated with maternal cardiovascular risk factors representing inflammation, glucose dysregulation, and dyslipidemia at midlife among parous women. Methods: This analysis included 1351 participants in the multiethnic cohort Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation with one or more live, singleton births. Excessive GWG in past pregnancies was determined by self-report of prepregnancy weight and GWG, and defined according to Institute of Medicine guidelines. Outcomes were CRP, LDL-C, HDL-C, fasting glucose, diabetes, blood pressure, and medication use, dichotomized based on 2019 ACC/AHA clinical guidelines as applicable. Outcomes were assessed at the baseline visit when women were age 42 to 53. We estimated relative risk between ever-having excessive GWG and each outcome in separate generalized linear regressions. Multivariable models adjusted for demographic, behavioral, and reproductive characteristics including parity and pregnancy complications. Results: Of the 1351 participants, 554 (41.0%) experienced excessive GWG. In unadjusted models, excessive GWG was associated with increased relative risk of high CRP, hypertension, low HDL-C, high glucose, and diabetes at midlife, but not high LDL-C (see Table). After adjusting for confounders, only risk of high CRP (RR= 1.34; 95% CI= 1.17, 1.54) and diabetes (RR=2.62; 95% CI=1.14, 5.98) remained statistically significant. Conclusions: A history of excessive GWG was linked with an increased risk of inflammation and diabetes but not dyslipidemia, hypertension, or high glucose in parous midlife women, independent of parity, pregnancy complications, and other factors. Table. Risk Ratios of Cardiovascular Risk Factors by Excessive GWG

Download Full-text

Thyroid Dysfunction and Associated Risk Factors among Nepalese Diabetes Mellitus Patients

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2015/570198 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Saroj Khatiwada ◽

Rajendra KC ◽

Santosh Kumar Sah ◽

Seraj Ahmed Khan ◽

Rajendra Kumar Chaudhari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Relative Risk ◽

Family History ◽

Thyroid Disease ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Female Gender ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

History Of ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Objectives. To assess thyroid function and associated risk factors in Nepalese diabetes mellitus patients.Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 419 diabetes mellitus patients at B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal. Information on demographic and anthropometric variables and risk factors for thyroid dysfunction was collected. Blood samples were analysed to measure thyroid hormones, blood sugar, and lipid profile.Results. Prevalence rate of thyroid dysfunction was 36.03%, with subclinical hypothyroidism (26.5%) as the most common thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid dysfunction was much common in females (42.85%) compared to males (30.04%)p=0.008and in type 1 diabetes (50%) compared to type 2 diabetes mellitus (35.41%)p=0.218. Diabetic patients with thyroid dysfunction had higher total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol in comparison to patients without thyroid dysfunction. Significant risk factors for thyroid dysfunction, specifically hypothyroidism (overt and subclinical), were smoking (relative risk of 2.56 with 95% CI (1.99–3.29,p<0.001)), family history of thyroid disease (relative risk of 2.57 with 95% CI (2.0–3.31,p<0.001)), and female gender (relative risk of 1.44 with 95% CI (1.09–1.91,p=0.01)).Conclusions. Thyroid dysfunction is common among Nepalese diabetic patients. Smoking, family history of thyroid disease, and female gender are significantly associated with thyroid dysfunction.

Download Full-text