scholarly journals When perception isn't reality: Accent identification and perceptual dialectology in French

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZOË BOUGHTON
Keyword(s):  
Time Lag ◽  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Social Stereotypes ◽  
Perceptual Dialectology ◽  
Regional Background ◽  
Mental Mapping ◽  
Authentic Voice ◽  
Accent Identification ◽  
North Western

This article examines levelling and diversity in northern urban French pronunciation through the optic of folk (= non-linguists') perceptions of variation. These perceptions are investigated by the identification of authentic voice samples (rather than other instruments widely used in perceptual dialectology such as mental mapping): respondents from the Pays de la Loire region of north-western France heard extracts of scripted speech from Nancy and Rennes, and were asked to identify the speakers' regional background and say whether they were of urban or rural origin. The results of this test show that while some difference between the two speaker location groups was accurately perceived, the informants also formed some inaccurate judgements, partly based on social stereotypes. Overall there is some confirmation of accent levelling, and of general social psychological tendencies such as stereotyping, annexation and time-lag in perceptions of regional–social linguistic variation.

La dialectologie perceptuelle: problèmes et perspectives

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-129
Author(s):  
Anika Falkert
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Everyday Language ◽  
Perceptual Dialectology ◽  
Mental Mapping ◽  
Attitude Measurements ◽  
Accent Identification

Abstract Dialect variation is perceived and encoded in everyday language situations. Studies in the field of folk linguistic enquiry which has come to be known as perceptual dialectology, pioneered in the 1980s by scholars such as Dennis Preston, showed that beliefs nonlinguists have about language variation can play a critical role in language maintenance and change. This paper is an attempt to rethink the issue of accent identification from the perspective of perceptual dialectology by discussing the methodological hurdles to overcome when assessing folk perception of dialects. Illustration comes from two recent studies tackling the perception of geolinguistics variation in Eastern Canada. A comparison of the most common data collection techniques such as mental mapping, dialect identification tests requiring informants to listen to voices of different degrees of dialect markedness and dialect questionnaires raises several issues that call for a diversification of research design including indirect attitude measurements, especially affective priming.

scholarly journals Large Families in Regions: Mechanisms of Exclusion and Stereotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-137
Author(s):  
Elena O. Smoleva
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Social Stereotypes ◽  
Public Benefits ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Families ◽  
North Western ◽  
External Reasons

The main problem with large families is their social vulnerability caused by exclusion, the latter referring to the restriction of access to public benefits, the inability of people to participate in important aspects of social life. This study aims at identifying social stereotypes which intensify exclusion and (or) prevent the inclusion of large families. The study is based on data from surveys of the population of the North-Western Federal District conducted by VolRC RAS in 2016–2017, as well as materials of qualitative research (focus groups with multi-child parents). As a result, various mechanisms of exclusion (social, economic, personal) and social stereotypes corresponding to each mechanism are defined. The author classifies families with many children by their degree of social exclusion, taking into account the risk of limiting access to various resources. The study shows that mothers with many children face a heightened risk of exclusion. The study reveals stereotypes of parents with several children regarding their willingness to change the situation, while identifying factors that prevent inclusion in labor activity: “alienation”, “external reasons”, “personal characteristics”. The analysis shows that widespread practices of social inclusion include hopes for state support, believing in a lack of effective mechanisms for solving employment problems, a lack of benefits from social support and a decrease in the attractiveness of altruistic ideas in society. The novelty of the results lies in identifying the groups within multi-child families that differ in the level of risk of exclusion, as well as in the contribution of social and personal mechanisms to their exclusion, and indentifying the resources for inclusion among large families.

Perceptual mapping of linguistic variation in Saudi Arabic dialects

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-517
Author(s):  
Yousef Al-Rojaie
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Social Evaluation ◽  
Perceptual Dialectology ◽  
Regional Dialect ◽  
Arabic Dialects ◽  
Composite Maps ◽  
Saudi Arabic

Abstract This article provides a perceptual dialectology account of linguistic diversity in Saudi Arabia. Using the map-drawing and labeling task, the study examined the perceptions and ideologies of 674 speakers of Saudi Arabic dialects about the perceived boundaries of regional dialect varieties, as well as their social evaluation of and beliefs about the dialects. The analysis of the results as displayed in composite maps using a Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping program revealed that respondents identified five major dialect areas as having the most distinct features: the Najdi, Hijazi, southern, eastern, and northern regions. Ten categories of respondents’ labels emerged out of the qualitative analysis: style, influence, Bedouin/urban, fast, open/closed, vowel lengthening, unique vocabulary, alternation of /k/ and /g/, attraction, and social media. The present findings show the salience of certain linguistic and social features that respondents associate with certain dialect areas. Such perceptions can ultimately guide and enhance future descriptions and analyses of actual linguistic variation in Saudi Arabia.

Mapping perceptions of linguistic variation in Qassim, Saudi Arabia, using GIS technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-30
Author(s):  
Yousef Al-Rojaie
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Perceptual Dialectology ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
Regional Dialects ◽  
Mapping Software ◽  
Najdi Arabic

AbstractThis study explores perceptions held by speakers of Qassimi Arabic (a variety of Najdi Arabic, spoken in central Saudi Arabia) about linguistic variation in their own dialect, and the sociocultural evaluations associated with their perceptions. Drawing on perceptual dialectology research methods, respondents completed the draw-a-map and labeling tasks. The maps were collected and then analyzed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) mapping software to aggregate, query, and create a composite heat map. Findings indicate that Qassimi speakers perceive regional variation to be associated with urban centers, particularly Buraydah and Unayzah, which were identified as the most salient dialect areas. Analysis of the labeled maps generated six categories of evaluative comments: drawl, influences from other regional dialects, heavy accent, old vocabulary, fast, and affrication. These findings point to the need for further exploration of the underlying ideologies and social values that Arabic speakers have about their own dialects and other dialects in Arabic-speaking communities.

scholarly journals Feminine Angst in the Poetry of Sylvia Plath

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-389
Author(s):  
Syed Aamir Syeed ◽  
Master Showkat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
Sylvia Plath ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Household Chores ◽  
Authentic Voice ◽  
The One

Women have been struggling to liberate themselves from subjugation by their male counterparts from times immemorial. The various factors responsible for their suppression were misogyny, romantic glorification and patriarchy. Illogically romanticized, they are not permitted to play a significant role as independent, self-assured individuals and this was compounded by other unfair social, political and biological factors. As a result, they did not enjoy a contented position in society. History inclined to link man to wisdom and biological dominance and women were associated with confined concerns of household chores and childcare. This provoked some prominent women in America and England to launch a movement called feminism demanding equivalent rights and equal status for themselves. They also resisted the menacing power of the literature that portrayed a woman as a subordinate to patriarchy. To end this suppression and exploitation they set out to create a literature of their own. As such, most of the feminists got entangled in a twofold approach. On the one hand, they wanted an authentic voice to assert its sovereignty, and, on the other, to make their mark felt along gender defined lines, so as to mend laws governing their social, psychological and biological behaviour. Still, some of the women writers felt the brunt of male dominance and oppression so enormously that they developed the feelings of resentment and vengeance against them. In this, Sylvia Plath, a vigorous and highly competitive and self-centered woman of the fifties was no exception. The aim of the paper is to highlight that Sylvia Plath who at first relished the domination of her male counterparts, at the later stage of her life became a sworn enemy of male dominance and aggressively challenged the patriarchy. Her feminine angst transformed her from a lamb to a lioness hunting for men’s head.

Abstract #605: Anthropometric Indices Among Hiv Infected Patients in Kano, North Western Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 115-116
Author(s):  
Fakhraddeen Muhammad ◽  
Andrew Uloko ◽  
Ibrahim Gezawa ◽  
Mansur Ramalan ◽  
abdulrazaq habib
Keyword(s):  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
North Western

Providing Freshmen with a Good “Starting-Block”

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaël De Clercq ◽  
Charlotte Michel ◽  
Sophie Remy ◽  
Benoît Galand
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Student Adjustment ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Pivotal Phase ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Study Task ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Belonging ◽  
Intention To Persist

Abstract. Grounded in social-psychological literature, this experimental study assessed the effects of two so-called “wise” interventions implemented in a student study program. The interventions took place during the very first week at university, a presumed pivotal phase of transition. A group of 375 freshmen in psychology were randomly assigned to three conditions: control, social belonging, and self-affirmation. Following the intervention, students in the social-belonging condition expressed less social apprehension, a higher social integration, and a stronger intention to persist one month later than the other participants. They also relied more on peers as a source of support when confronted with a study task. Students in the self-affirmation condition felt more self-affirmed at the end of the intervention but didn’t benefit from other lasting effects. The results suggest that some well-timed and well-targeted “wise” interventions could provide lasting positive consequences for student adjustment. The respective merits of social-belonging and self-affirmation interventions are also discussed.

Cross-Lagged Relationships Between Self-Esteem, Self-Construal, and Happiness in a Three-Wave Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Daniela Moza ◽  
Laurențiu Maricuțoiu ◽  
Alin Gavreliuc
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Independent Person

Abstract. Previous research established that an independent construal of the self is associated with higher self-esteem, which, in turn, is associated with increased happiness. Regarding the directionality of these relationships, theoretical arguments have suggested that self-construal precedes self-esteem and that self-esteem precedes happiness. However, most research in this area is cross-sectional, thus limiting any conclusions about directionality. The present study tested these relationships in 101 Romanian undergraduates using a 3-wave cross-lagged design with a 6-month time lag between every two waves. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that self-esteem is an antecedent of both happiness and dimensions of independent self-construal (i.e., consistency vs. variability and self-expression vs. harmony). In other words, one’s positive evaluation of self-worth precedes one’s self-perception as being a happy and independent person. The findings are discussed with respect to the theoretical and practical implications, along with limitations and suggestions for future research.

Relationships Between Bidirectional Work-Family Interactions and Psychological Well-Being

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi-Chao Zhang ◽  
Oi Ling Siu ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
Weiwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Direct Model ◽  
Work Family

This study investigated the direct, reversed, and reciprocal relationships between bidirectional work-family conflict/work-family facilitation and psychological well-being (PWB). We administered a three-wave questionnaire survey to 260 married Chinese employees using a time lag of one month. Cross-lagged structural equation modeling analysis was conducted and demonstrated that the direct model was better than the reversed causal or the reciprocal model. Specifically, work-to-family conflict at Time 1 negatively predicted PWB at Time 2, and work-to-family conflict at Time 2 negatively predicted PWB at Time 3; further, work-to-family facilitation at Time 1 positively predicted PWB at Time 2. In addition, family-to-work facilitation at Time 1 positively predicted PWB at Time 2, and family-to-work conflict at Time 2 negatively predicted PWB at Time 3.

Automatic Stereotype Activation Is Context Dependent

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina Casper ◽  
Klaus Rothermund ◽  
Dirk Wentura
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Stereotype Activation ◽  
Social Stereotypes ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Automatic Activation ◽  
Mental Schemas

Processes involving an automatic activation of stereotypes in different contexts were investigated using a priming paradigm with the lexical decision task. The names of social categories were combined with background pictures of specific situations to yield a compound prime comprising category and context information. Significant category priming effects for stereotypic attributes (e.g., Bavarians – beer) emerged for fitting contexts (e.g., in combination with a picture of a marquee) but not for nonfitting contexts (e.g., in combination with a picture of a shop). Findings indicate that social stereotypes are organized as specific mental schemas that are triggered by a combination of category and context information.

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