scholarly journals 107 - New trends in aging and dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 17-17
Author(s):  
Daisy Acosta ◽  
Jorge J Llibre Guerra ◽  
Ivonne Z. Jiménez Velázquez ◽  
Juan de Jesús Llibre Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
High Income ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Hispanic Populations ◽  
The Impact

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia has emerged as a significant societal issue and a global priority. The prevalence of dementia is rising more rapidly in low and middle income countries (LMIC) than in high income countries. Yet, knowledge of dementia risk factors is dominated by research from high income countries (HIC), which cannot be readily translated to LMIC. Latin American countries (LAC) have unique challenges related to dementia, including rapid aging population, high admixture degree and risk factors profile, which influence the prevalence and presentation of dementia. Several epidemiological studies during the past decade have shown a rapid increase of dementia in LAC, but the impact of genetic, protective and risk factors remain poorly understood. This research session will feature a series of short and engaging talks about new trends of dementia in the region and will answer key questions regarding dementia determinants and consequences in Hispanic populations. Participants will be first introduced to the aging process in LAC, prevalence and incidence of dementia within the region. The second presentation will report on genetics of Alzheimer disease in Hispanic populations. The third presenter will discuss the complexities of dementia multimorbidity and the impact of neuropsychiatric symptoms. The fourth presenter will discuss about Nationals and Regional Strategies to address dementia and reflects on recommendations and future directions for the region. All presentations will be based on findings from multiple research projects across the region. Furthermore, presenters will extended comparison to Non-Hispanics whites and Hispanics populations living in US, which allows cross countries/society comparisons. Overall, new information about dementia will be shared with the audience. Attendees will be able to identify the unique genetic and social determinants that drive AD in LAC. Recommendations will be given for preventive strategies tailored to LMIC. The findings to be shared will be essential for building evidence-based interventions that achieve the goals of the National Plan to Address Alzheimer’s Disease.

scholarly journals Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors in the Development of Alzheimer’s Disease

US Neurology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Forstmeier ◽  
Andreas Maercker ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Risk

This article summarises empirical findings on major potentially modifiable risk factors in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), drawing on data from longitudinal epidemiological studies on the incidence of AD or any-cause dementia. Risk factors investigated to date include cognitive ability, motivational ability, emotional health, physical activity, social activity and social network, vascular risk factors and nutrition. The authors find most empirical support for two main clusters of risk factors that also represent potential targets for prevention. First, an active and stimulating lifestyle including cognitive, social, and physical activities reduces the risk of AD. Second, the absence of vascular risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterol and obesity reduces the risk of AD. More prevention trials are warranted to investigate the preventative effects of an active and stimulating lifestyle on the one hand, and vascular health on the other, in delaying the onset of AD or slowing its progression.

scholarly journals The Impact of Amyloid-Beta Positivity with 18F-Florbetaben PET on Neuropsychological Aspects in Parkinson’s Disease Dementia

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Seunghee Na ◽  
Hyeonseok Jeong ◽  
Jong-Sik Park ◽  
Yong-An Chung ◽  
In-Uk Song
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease Dementia ◽  
The Impact

The neuropathology of Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) is heterogenous, and the impacts of each pathophysiology and their synergistic effects are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and impacts of co-existence with Alzheimer’s disease in patients with PDD by using 18F-florbetaben PET imaging. A total of 23 patients with PDD participated in the study. All participants underwent 18F-florbetaben PET and completed a standardized neuropsychological battery and assessment of motor symptoms. The results of cognitive tests, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and motor symptoms were analyzed between the positive and negative 18F-florbetaben PET groups. Four patients (17.4%) showed significant amyloid burden. Patients with amyloid-beta showed poorer performance in executive function and more severe neuropsychiatric symptoms than those without amyloid-beta. Motor symptoms assessed by UPDRS part III and the modified H&Y Scale were not different between the two groups. The amyloid PET scan of a patient with PDD can effectively reflect a co-existing Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Amyloid PET scans might be able to help physicians of PDD patients showing rapid progression or severe cognitive/behavioral features.

scholarly journals 101 - Alzheimer Disease and Dementia: diagnostic challenges and future directions in Hispanic populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 2-2
Author(s):  
Jorge J Llibre Guerra ◽  
Daisy Acosta ◽  
Ivonne Z. Jiménez Velázquez ◽  
Ana Rodriguez-Salgado ◽  
Geeske Peeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Risk Factor Management ◽  
Hispanic Populations ◽  
The Impact

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia has emerged as a significant societal issue and a global priority. The prevalence of dementia is rising more rapidly in low and middle income countries (LMIC) than in high income countries. A growing body of evidence shows that prevention through risk factor management is the key to reducing the burden of dementia in the society, especially in LMIC. However, a one-size-fits all approach to health promotion is neither efficient nor effective. Latin American countries (LAC) have unique challenges related to dementia, including rapid aging population, high admixture degree and risk factors profile, which influence the prevalence and presentation of dementia. During this session, we will present findings and tools that will help tailor and personalize risk factor management in Hispanics populations. Participants will be first introduced to genetics of Alzheimer disease in Hispanic populations relative to non-Hispanics and the influence of gene by environment interactions. The second presentation will report on the epidemiology and risk factors of AD using cross countries/society comparisons (Non-Hispanics whites vs Hispanics living in US vs Hispanics living in Latin America.) The third presenter will discuss the development of a tool that visualizes how each risk factor contributes to the risk of dementia and how one may lower their risk by addressing the risk factors. The tool can be used in primary care settings in Cuba, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico. Finally, the fourth presenter uses state-of-the-art digital assessment tools (brain health assessment), for low-cost monitoring of cognitive functioning, MCI and dementia. Such instruments are important for future evaluation of the impact of preventive strategies. At the end of the presentations, attendees will be able to identify the unique genetic and social determinants that drive AD in LAC. Recommendations will be given for preventive strategies tailored to LMIC. The findings to be shared will be essential for building evidence-based interventions tailored to reducing the burden of dementia in the Hispanic populations.Session Chair:Juan Llibre RodriguezAlzheimer Disease and genetics in Hispanic PopulationsJorge J Llibre-GuerraAlzheimer disease epidemiology and risk factors in Caribbean and non-Caribbean Hispanics populations.Ivonne Z. Jiménez VelázquezDevelopment of a tool to motivate for healthy behaviors to prevent dementia in the Caribbean.Daisy AcostaA brief digital cognitive assessment for detection of cognitive impairment in Hispanics populations.Ana Rodriguez-Salgado

scholarly journals Inflammation and Insulin Resistance as Risk Factors and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeles Vinuesa ◽  
Carlos Pomilio ◽  
Amal Gregosa ◽  
Melisa Bentivegna ◽  
Jessica Presa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Overnutrition and modern diets containing high proportions of saturated fat are among the major factors contributing to a low-grade state of inflammation, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. In the last decades, the global rise of type 2 diabetes and obesity prevalence has elicited a great interest in understanding how changes in metabolic function lead to an increased risk for premature brain aging and the development of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Cognitive impairment and decreased neurogenic capacity could be a consequence of metabolic disturbances. In these scenarios, the interplay between inflammation and insulin resistance could represent a potential therapeutic target to prevent or ameliorate neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. The present review aims to provide an update on the impact of metabolic stress pathways on AD with a focus on inflammation and insulin resistance as risk factors and therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals The Links between Cardiovascular Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-169
Author(s):  
Jerzy Leszek ◽  
Elizaveta V. Mikhaylenko ◽  
Dmitrii M. Belousov ◽  
Efrosini Koutsouraki ◽  
Katarzyna Szczechowiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Wide Range

: The root cause of non-inherited Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains unknown despite hundreds of research studies performed to attempt to solve this problem. Since proper prophylaxis remains the best strategy, many scientists have studied the risk factors that may affect AD development. There is robust evidence supporting the hypothesis that cardiovascular diseases (CVD) may contribute to AD progression, as the diseases often coexist. Therefore, a lack of well-defined diagnostic criteria makes studying the relationship between AD and CVD complicated. Additionally, inflammation accompanies the pathogenesis of AD and CVD, and is not only a consequence but also implicated as a significant contributor to the course of the diseases. Of note, АроЕε4 is found to be one of the major risk factors affecting both the cardiovascular and nervous systems. According to genome wide association and epidemiological studies, numerous common risk factors have been associated with the development of AD-related pathology. Furthermore, the risk of developing AD and CVDs appears to be increased by a wide range of conditions and lifestyle factors: hypertension, dyslipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, gut/oral microbiota, physical activity, and diet. This review summarizes the literature and provides possible mechanistic links between CVDs and AD.

The impact of risk factors of Alzheimer's disease in the Down syndrome

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Folin ◽  
Silvia Baiguera ◽  
Maria Conconi ◽  
Tecla Pati ◽  
Claudio Grandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Vascular risk factors and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: the Cache County Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Steinberg ◽  
Kyle Hess ◽  
Chris Corcoran ◽  
Michelle M. Mielke ◽  
Maria Norton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Cache County

Midlife Vascular Risk Factors and Alzheimer's Disease: Evidence from Epidemiological Studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Maija Tolppanen ◽  
Alina Solomon ◽  
Hilkka Soininen ◽  
Miia Kivipelto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Risk

Potentially modifiable factors associated with agitation and aggression in Alzheimer’s disease: results of the ICTUS study

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1509-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelaide de Mauleon ◽  
Maria Soto ◽  
Pierre Jean Ousset ◽  
Fati Nourhashemi ◽  
Benoit Lepage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTObjectives:To study potentially modifiable factors associated with the severity of agitation or aggression (A/A) symptoms among Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients.Design:Data from the Impact of Cholinergic Treatment Use (ICTUS) study, European longitudinal prospective observational study.Setting:Community dwelling outpatients included in 29 European memory clinics.Participants:1375 participants with probable AD (Mini-Mental State Examination score of 10–26) with an informal caregiver.Measurements:At baseline and twice yearly over the two-year follow-up, patients underwent comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological assessments: sociodemographic data, cognitive status, functional impairment, and assessment of neuropsychiatric symptoms based on Neuro-Psychiatric Inventory (NPI). The ZARIT scale assessed the caregiver’s burden. The variable of interest was the severity of the item of A/A of the NPI. To study factors associated to the severity of A/A symptoms six months later, a multivariate mixed regression model was used.Results:Frequency of A/A symptom varied from 30% to 34% at each visit. Two factors were found to be independently associated with the severity of A/A: (1) the presence of affective disorder (anxiety, depression, and/or irritability) that increased the severity of the A/A by 0.89 point (coefficient:0.89; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = [0.48,1.30], p < 0.001), and (2) a severe caregiver burden that increased the severity of the A/A by 1.08 point (coefficient:1.08; 95% CI = [0.69,1.47], p < 0.001).Conclusion:Research should evaluate whether the identification and treatment of an affective disorder along with the evaluation and optimal management of the caregiver would have a positive impact on the course of A/A in mild to moderate AD patients.

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