Health Aspects of Disaster Preparedness and Response Panel Session 2: Seismic Risks including Tsunamis

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (S3) ◽  
pp. s82-s86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Panel Session ◽  
The Many ◽  
Disaster Preparedness And Response ◽  
And Control

AbstractThis Panel Session consisted of five country reports (India, Indonesia, Maldives, Thailand, andNepal) and the common issues identified during the Panel discussions relative to seismic events in the Southeast Asia Region. Important issues identified included the needs for: (1) a legal framework upon which to base preparedness and response; (2) coordination between the many organizations involved; (3) early warning systems within and between countries; (4) command and control; (5) access to resources including logistics; (6) strengthening the health infrastructure; (7) professionalizing the field of disaster medicine and management; (8) management of communications and information; (9) management of dead bodies; and (10) mental health of the survivors and health workers.

Health Aspects of Disaster Preparedness and Response Panel Session 1: Water-related Hazards

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (S3) ◽  
pp. s79-s81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Panel Session ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Common ◽  
Disaster Preparedness And Response ◽  
And Control

AbstractThis Panel Session consisted of three country reports (Bagladesh, Bhutan, and Myanmar) and the common issues identified during the Panel discussions relative to water-related hazards and events in the Southeast Asia Region. The primary event discussed regardless of the hazards encountered was flooding. The merits of the responses generated in Bangladesh before, during, and following the 2004 floods provide evidence of what can be accomplished in community and national levels of preparedness.Many key issues arose in the discussions: (1) command and control systems and SOPs; (2) ready resources; (3) public information and education and human resource development; (4) community-level preparedness; (5) accessibility to health care; (6) increased focus on disease prevention and control; (7) management of dead bodies; (8) need for a legal framework; (9) funding and the management of funds; and (10) relationships with themedia.

scholarly journals An integrated methodology to develop a standard for landslide early warning systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 2123-2135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teuku Faisal Fathani ◽  
Dwikorita Karnawati ◽  
Wahyu Wilopo
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Team Development ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Landslide Early Warning ◽  
Disaster Preparedness And Response ◽  
Warning Services

Abstract. Landslides are one of the most widespread and commonly occurring natural hazards. In regions of high vulnerability, these complex hazards can cause significant negative social and economic impacts. Considering the worldwide susceptibility to landslides, it is necessary to establish a standard for early warning systems specific to landslide disaster risk reduction. This standard would provide guidance in conducting landslide detection, prediction, interpretation, and response. This paper proposes a new standard consisting of seven sub-systems for landslide early warning. These include risk assessment and mapping, dissemination and communication, establishment of the disaster preparedness and response team, development of an evacuation map, standardized operating procedures, installation of monitoring and warning services, and the building of local commitment to the operation and maintenance of the entire program. This paper details the global standard with an example of its application from Central Java, one of 20 landslide-prone provinces in Indonesia that have used this standard since 2012.

scholarly journals User interface prototype for geospatial early warning systems – a tsunami showcase

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hammitzsch ◽  
M. Lendholt ◽  
M. Á. Esbrí
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Synergy Effects ◽  
Human Operators ◽  
And Control

Abstract. The command and control unit's graphical user interface (GUI) is a central part of early warning systems (EWS) for man-made and natural hazards. The GUI combines and concentrates the relevant information of the system and offers it to human operators. It has to support operators successfully performing their tasks in complex workflows. Most notably in critical situations when operators make important decisions in a limited amount of time, the command and control unit's GUI has to work reliably and stably, providing the relevant information and functionality with the required quality and in time. The design of the GUI application is essential in the development of any EWS to manage hazards effectively. The design and development of such GUI is performed repeatedly for each EWS by various software architects and developers. Implementations differ based on their application in different domains. But similarities designing and equal approaches implementing GUIs of EWS are not quite harmonized enough with related activities and do not exploit possible synergy effects. Thus, the GUI's implementation of an EWS for tsunamis is successively introduced, providing a generic approach to be applied in each EWS for man-made and natural hazards.

Health Aspects of Disaster Preparedness and Response Panel Session 3: Industrial Accidents, Conflicts, and Other Emergencies

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (S3) ◽  
pp. s87-s89
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Medical Technology ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Industrial Accidents ◽  
Response Panel ◽  
Panel Session ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
The Common ◽  
Disaster Preparedness And Response

AbstractThis Panel Session consisted of three country reports (Democratic People's Republic of Korea; Sri Lanka; and Timor-Leste) and the common issues identified during the Panel discussions relative to industrial accidents and conflicts in the Southeast Asia Region. Important issues identified included the needs for: (1) use of medical technology; (2) stockpiling of essential supplies; (3) human resource development; (4) surveillance systems for disease detection; (5) coordination; and (6) emergency funding.

Framework for Graphical User Interfaces of Geospatial Early Warning Systems

2013 ◽  
pp. 449-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hammitzsch
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Graphical User Interface ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Human Operators ◽  
And Control

An important component of Early Warning Systems (EWS) for man-made and natural hazards is the command and control unit’s Graphical User Interface (GUI). All relevant information of an EWS is concentrated in this GUI and offered to human operators. However, when designing the GUI, not only the user experience and the GUI’s screens are relevant, but also the frameworks and technologies that the GUI is built on and the implementation of the GUI itself are of great importance. Implementations differ based on their applications in different domains but the design and approaches to implement the GUIs of different EWS often show analogies. The design and development of such GUIs are performed repeatedly on some parts of the system for each EWS. Thus, the generic GUI framework of a geospatial EWS for tsunamis is introduced to enable possible synergistic effects on the development of other new related technology. The results presented here could be adopted and reused in other EWS for man-made and natural hazards.

scholarly journals Exploring the impact, response and preparedness to water-related natural disasters in the Barisal division of Bangladesh: a mixed methods study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e026459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagnoor Jagnoor ◽  
Aminur Rahman ◽  
Patricia Cullen ◽  
Fazlul Kader Chowdhury ◽  
Caroline Lukaszyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of natural disasters on communities in the Barisal division of Bangladesh, exploring community approaches to disaster preparedness and mitigation.SettingCommunities in all districts of the Barisal division of Bangladesh.ParticipantsQuantitative data were collected through a cross-sectional household survey (n=9263 households; n=38 981 individuals). Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews (n=7) and focus group discussions (n=23) with key informants.Outcome measuresQuantitative research recorded features of natural disaster events from the previous 5 years, documenting risk factors that increase vulnerability to disaster, use of disaster warning systems and evacuation processes. Qualitative research investigated disaster risk perceptions, experiences during and following disaster, and disaster preparedness practices.ResultsThe survey response rate was 94.7%. Exposure to disaster in the last 5 years was high (82%) with flooding and cyclones considered the greatest threats. Awareness of evacuation processes was low; and only 19% of respondents evacuated their homes at the time of disaster. Drowning during disaster was the primary concern (87%), followed by debt, livestock and crop loss (78%). The qualitative findings indicated prevailing fatalistic perceptions towards natural disasters among community. The consequences of disasters included significant loss of livelihoods and exposure to infections due to poor sanitation. There was also insufficient support for the most vulnerable, particularly women, children and the elderly. Although several community preparedness and practices existed, there was a lack of response to early warning systems. Barriers to disaster response and resilience included financial insecurities, loss of livelihoods and cultural concerns regarding women’s privacy.ConclusionsCritical to achieving disaster resilience is increased government investment in infrastructure and systems-level responses that empower communities. Further research can support this by addressing community challenges to promoting disaster resilience and how to leverage existing community strengths to implement locally owned solutions.

Advancements in Toxicity Testing Applied to Design and Control of Biological Processes

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 271-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Herricks ◽  
B. E. Rittmann ◽  
C. P. L. Grady ◽  
D. Pascoe ◽  
L. Somlyódy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Line Detection ◽  
Ecological Framework ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Ecosystem Disturbance ◽  
On Line ◽  
And Control

Toxicity testing is an essential tool for assessing the effects of, and fate of, many low-concentration toxicants in wastewater treatment systems. Toxicity testing can be divided into two parts: diagnostic toxicology evaluates the toxicity of a contaminant, effluent, or process, and toxicological engineering bases engineering design on the removal or production of toxicity. This paper presents six recent advancements in diagnostic toxicology and toxicological engineering identified by members of the Specialty Group on Hazard Assessment and Control of Environmental Contaminants. They are: (1) an ecological framework for applying toxicity testing, (2) biological early warning systems for on-line detection of toxic inputs, (3) inplant testing to detect and mitigate a toxic upset, (4) methods for rapid and cost-effective detection of genotoxins, (5) an approach for determining what discharged component must be controlled to eliminate an ecosystem disturbance, and (6) an application of process kinetics to design biological processes that are resistant to toxic upsets.

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