HOW RATIONAL BELIEFS AND IRRATIONAL BELIEFS AFFECT PEOPLE'S INFERENCES: AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank W. Bond ◽  
Windy Dryden
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Rational Belief ◽  
Rational Beliefs ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Principal Mechanism ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Functional Content

Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) hypothesizes that the functionality of inferences is primarily affected by the preferential and demanding nature of rational and irrational beliefs, respectively. It is then, secondarily, influenced by the functional and dysfunctional contents to which rational and irrational beliefs, respectively, refer. This hypothesis was tested by asking 96 participants to imagine themselves holding one of four specific beliefs: a rational belief with a preference and a functional content, an irrational belief with a demand and a dysfunctional content, a rational belief with a functional content and no preference, and an irrational belief with a dysfunctional content and no demand. Participants imagined themselves holding their belief in an imaginary context, whilst rating the extent of their agreement to 14 functional and dysfunctional inferences. Contrary to REBT theory, results indicated that rational and irrational beliefs had the same magnitude of effect on the functionality of inferences, whether they referred to a preference/demand+contents, or only contents. The discussion maintains that preferences and demands may not constitute the principal mechanism through which rational and irrational beliefs affect the functionality of inferences. Instead, consistent with Beck's cognitive therapy, belief contents may constitute this primary mechanism.

scholarly journals Rational emotional behavior: How to reduce irrational beliefs in victims post-natural disasters

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Mawardi Djamaluddin ◽  
Suryani Hi Umar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Rational Emotive ◽  
The Individual

Natural disasters that occur over a long period of time and the level of damage that occurs often affect the psychological condition of the individual causing individuals to experience traumatic experiences that are hard to forget. Traumatic experiences experienced as a result of natural disasters also influence one's view of the natural disaster itself. Some people may have rational views while others have irrational views. This irrational view often makes individuals feel even more traumatized by the bad experiences they have experienced. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of rational emotive behaviour counselling in reducing irrational beliefs experienced by people experiencing natural disasters. The research method used was quantitative with an experimental design. The research subjects were earthquake victims in Tomara Village, South Halmahera Regency who had irrational beliefs in the high category based on the results of filling in data from the irrational belief scale. The results showed that rational emotive behaviour therapy counselling was effective in reducing irrational beliefs experienced by people experiencing natural disasters.

scholarly journals DISAGREEMENT AND EASY BOOTSTRAPPING

Episteme ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Eyal Tal
Keyword(s):  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Rational Belief ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Rational Beliefs ◽  
Rational Agents ◽  
Epistemic Akrasia ◽  
First Response ◽  
The One

ABSTRACTShould conciliating with disagreeing peers be considered sufficient for reaching rational beliefs? Thomas Kelly argues that when taken this way, Conciliationism lets those who enter into a disagreement with an irrational belief reach a rational belief all too easily. Three kinds of responses defending Conciliationism are found in the literature. One response has it that conciliation is required only of agents who have a rational belief as they enter into a disagreement. This response yields a requirement that no one should follow. If the need to conciliate applies only to already rational agents, then an agent must conciliate only when her peer is the one irrational. A second response views conciliation as merely necessary for having a rational belief. This alone does little to address the central question of what is rational to believe when facing a disagreeing peer. Attempts to develop the response either reduce to the first response, or deem necessary an unnecessary doxastic revision, or imply that rational dilemmas obtain in cases where intuitively there are none. A third response tells us to weigh what our pre-disagreement evidence supports against the evidence from the disagreement itself. This invites epistemic akrasia.

scholarly journals The Moderating Role of Rational Beliefs in the Relationship between Irrational Beliefs and Posttraumatic Stress Symptomology

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Hyland ◽  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
Gary Adamson ◽  
Daniel Boduszek
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Cognitive Vulnerability ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Rational Beliefs ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) assumes that rational beliefs act as cognitive protective factors against the development of psychopathology; however little empirical evidence exists regarding the nature of the possible protective effects that they offer. Aims: The current study investigates whether rational beliefs moderate the impact of irrational beliefs on posttraumatic stress symptomology (PTS). Method: Three hundred and thirteen active law enforcement, military, and related emergency service personnel took part in the current study. Sequential moderated multiple regression analysis was employed to investigate: (i) the direct impact of irrational beliefs on PTS; (ii) the direct impact of rational beliefs on PTS; (iii) the moderating effects of rational beliefs in the relationship between irrational beliefs and PTS. Results: The irrational beliefs predicted by REBT theory emerged as critical predictors of PTS symptomology, in particular Depreciation beliefs. Rational beliefs (Preferences, and Acceptance beliefs) had a direct, negative impact on levels of PTS, and Acceptance beliefs moderated the impact of Catastrophizing beliefs on PTS. Conclusions: Irrational beliefs are important cognitive vulnerability factors in symptoms of PTS, while rational beliefs (Acceptance) appear to have a protective role in the emergence of PTS symptoms, both directly and by moderating the impact of Catastrophizing beliefs.

scholarly journals Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) dalam Menangani Kecemasan Penderita Ekstrapiramidal Sindrom Mahasiswa UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

TRANSFORMATIF ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Nurul Faizah
Keyword(s):  
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Extrapyramidal Syndrome ◽  
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Rational Emotive ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Modelling Techniques

<p>The focus of this research is to find out how the process and results of Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) to deal with anxiety in patients Extrapyramidal Syndrome student of UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya. The subjects in this research was a student of the Faculty of Da’wa and Communication UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya 3rd semester who suffer from anxiety disorders because Extrapyramidal syndrome since the age of 10 years. This research uses qualitative research methods, with a case study and comparative descriptive analysis, the researchers compared before and after the counseling process using Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT). The results of this research showed that the process of Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) in dealing with anxiety in patients Extrapyramidal syndrome using three techniques on REBT approaches (techniques disputing irrational belief, rational emotive imagery techniques, and modelling techniques) that do quite successful. It can be seen from the values obtained in the calculation by the standard test with a percentage of 50% - 75% which can be considered quite successful.</p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong>: Rational Emotive Behavior therapy, Anxiety</p>

scholarly journals La irracionalidad y el auto-engaño

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (45) ◽  
pp. 25-50
Author(s):  
Silvia Bello
Keyword(s):  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Propositional Attitude ◽  
Belief Formation ◽  
Dividing Line

In this paper I have tried to present what seem to me the main problems to be confronted in explaining the formation of motivated, irrational beliefs, and the most important recent contributions to a solution of such problems. First, I make some classifications and present some important features of the different cases of motivated irrational belief formation. After expounding the problems and the central points that stand in need of explanation, I consider Davidson's view of the conflict between our standard way of describing and explaining mental phenomena and the idea that such phenomena can be irrational. Then, I present Davidson's suggestion to reconcile an explanation that shows a belief to be irrational with the element of rationality inherent in the description of any propositional attitude. I consider Davidson's and Pears' criteria for drawing a dividing line between mental systems, and argue that Davidson's criterion seems too wide and should be restricted to cases where motivation is involved. I also argue that it is the weaker version of Pears' criterion that must be defended and confronted with Davidson's. [S.B.]

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS PENDEKATAN RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY UNTUK MENGURANGI KECANDUAN GAME ONLINE PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR DI SD N JUMENENG, SUMBERADI, MLATI, SLEMAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-34
Author(s):  
Fitriatun Fitriatun Solikhah ◽  
Casmini Casmini
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy ◽  
Emotive Behavior ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Rational Emotive ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Rational Emotive Behavior

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas pendekatan Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) untuk mengurangi perilaku terhadap anak yang kecanduan game online. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 12 siswa yang tergabung dalam kelompok eksperimen. 12 siswa tersebut terdiri dari 2 anak kelas IV, 2 anak kelas V dan 2 anak kelas VI, yang dibagi menjadi 2 golongan yaitu golongan dengan kategori sedang dalam bermain game online yang terdiri dari 6 siswa dan golongan dengan kategori kecanduan game online yang terdiri dari 6 siswa. Karakteristik subjek diantaranya : (1) Individu yang berusian 10 tahun sampai 13 tahun yaitu siswa kelas IV, V dan VI SD N Jumeneng, (2) siswa yang memiliki nilai 4 dan 5 dari angket pertimbangan subjek, (3) bersedia menjadi responden atau subjek penelitian ini. Kelompok eksperimen mendapat perlakuan pendekatan Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy selama 3 kali pertemuan dan setiap pertemuan 120 menit yang dibagi menjadi 3 sesi. Desain yang digunakan adalah one-group pretest-posttest design. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala kecanduan game online yang disusun oleh peneliti. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik nonparametrik dengan menggunakan teknik Wilcoxon Signed Ranks untuk menguji beda skor dari dua sampel yang berpasangan yaitu data pre-test dan post-test pada kelompok eksperimen. Hasil Wilcoxon Signed Ranks menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy efektif untuk mengurangi kecanduan game online. Keduanya memiliki nilai Z dan P yang sama yaitu z= -2,201 dan p= 0,028.  Kata Kunci: Pendekatan Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, Kecanduan Game Online 

THE PATTERN OF IRRATIONAL BELIEFS ASSOCIATED WITH MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyne Prud'homme ◽  
Pierre Barron
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Normal Controls

In light of Rational-Emotive Theory, this study was undertaken to determine the pattern of irrational beliefs underlying Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). A total of 126 subjects (50 males, 76 females) volunteered to participate. Patients clinically diagnosed with MDD (unipolar type) and a control group of non-depressed patients were solicited from the inpatient and outpatient facilities of several Ottawa and Montreal hospitals; the normal control group comprised students and civil servants. The subjects completed questionnaires to measure irrational belief endorsement (IBT, RBI) and symptom severity (STAI, BDI) and to verify the depression diganosis (IDD). Multivariate statistics were used to determine the pattern of beliefs which best discriminates between the MDD group, the psychiatric control group, and the normal controls. Discriminant analysis of the IBT revealed a pattern of four irrational beliefs generally known as demand for approval, frustration reactivity, anxious overconcern, and helplessness over past. The implications of such findings for RET theory are discussed.

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