scholarly journals The development of a healthy eating indicator shopping basket tool (HEISB) for use in food access studies—identification of key food items

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1440-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
AS Anderson ◽  
J Dewar ◽  
D Marshall ◽  
S Cummins ◽  
M Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
Shopping Basket ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Uk

AbstractObjectivesTo develop an objective, nutrient-based, healthy eating indicator shopping basket (HEISB) tool for use in studies of access to healthy food.DesignTool development used a literature search to identify previous practice, web information on current definition of healthy foods by the UK Food Standards Agency, and population-based dietary surveys to identify culturally acceptable foods. These findings were then appraised with respect to practical fieldwork considerations.SettingThe review took account of surveys undertaken in a range of geographical areas.ResultsPrevious tools have varied in the foods selected and the rationale for inclusion. Most have considered nutritional composition but no systematic definition has been used and foods have been subjectively classified as ‘less healthy’ or ‘more healthy’. Recent UK work on nutrient profiling enabled individual food items to be objectively assessed for inclusion. Data from national food surveys enabled commonly consumed and culturally acceptable foods to be identified. Practical considerations included item use in meals, convenience, price, and fieldwork constraints. Other issues including health and price discriminators as well as regional preferences were considered. The final HEISB tool comprised 35 items within the following categories – 17 from fruit and vegetables, nine from potatoes, bread and cereal, five from fish/meats, three from dairy, and one from fatty and sugary foods.ConclusionsThe tool provides a rational basis for examining access and availability of healthy foods in cross-sectional and longitudinal retail and consumer studies.

scholarly journals Healthy Eating and its Barriers: Perceptions and Practices of adolescents in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Junior High Schools ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Items

Background: Adolescents are not given much attention when it comes to feeding. However, their nutrient needs are high during this stage of life. It is important, therefore, that adolescents have reliable nutrition information that would enable them to develop healthy dietary practices. Studies of adolescents’ perceptions on healthy foods and the factors that act as barriers to healthy eating are essential for developing interventions that would promote healthy eating habits among adolescents. Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the perceptions of adolescents in Junior High Schools in Ghana regarding what “healthy” and “unhealthy” foods are, the importance of healthy eating and barriers to healthy eating. Methodology: This survey was a cross-sectional study involving 820 adolescents who were sampled from six Junior High Schools. A questionnaire was administered to the students after permission had been obtained from the headteachers and their parents. Results: The surveyed adolescents have some knowledge of what healthy foods are. Fruits as well as roasted and grilled food items were usually cited as healthy foods, while snack food items, fried food items, soft drinks and meat products were generally considered as unhealthy foods. Despite their knowledge of healthy foods, most of them found it difficult to obtain and eat healthy foods. Some barriers to consuming healthy foods include thelimited availability of healthy foods in homes and schools,andthe fact that healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables are expensive and usually not tasty. Conclusions: These findings suggest that healthy eating messages propagated through the lessons taught in schools are reaching adolescents. However, it behooves health educators to plan and implement interventions that would help adolescents translate their knowledge into healthy practices. School authorities and parents should create an environment where healthy foods would be readily available on school premises and at home.

scholarly journals Food Consumption Determinants and Barriers for Healthy Eating at the Workplace—A University Setting

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
João P. M. Lima ◽  
Sofia A. Costa ◽  
Teresa R. S. Brandão ◽  
Ada Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Meal Quality ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
University Setting

Background: A wide variety of social, cultural and economic factors may influence dietary patterns. This work aims to identify the main determinants of food consumption and barriers for healthy eating at the workplace, in a university setting. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 533 participants. Data were obtained through the application of a self-administered questionnaire that included socio-demographic information, food consumption determinants and the main perceived barriers for healthy eating at the workplace. Results: The respondents identified “price” (22.5%), “meal quality” (20.7%), and “location/distance” (16.5%). For women, the determinant “availability of healthy food options” was more important than for men (p < 0.001). The food consumption determinants at the workplace most referred to by respondents were related to the nutritional value. Smell, taste, appearance and texture, and good value for money, were also considered important for choosing food at the workplace. Respondents referred to work commitments and lack of time as the main barriers for healthy eating at the workplace. Conclusions: Identification of determinants involved in food consumption, and the barriers for healthy eating, may contribute to a better definition of health promotion initiatives at the workplace aiming to improve nutritional intake.

scholarly journals Associations between perceived friends’ support of healthy eating and meal skipping in adolescence

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 3266-3274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Rosenrauch ◽  
Kylie Ball ◽  
Karen E Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Peer Influence ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Friendship Groups ◽  
Friendship Group ◽  
Shared Beliefs ◽  
Meal Skipping

AbstractObjectiveMeal skipping is a relatively common behaviour during adolescence. As peer influence increases during adolescence, friendship groups may play a role in determining eating patterns such as meal skipping. The current study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between perceived friends’ support of healthy eating and breakfast and lunch skipping among adolescents.DesignSurvey of intrapersonal, social and environmental factors that may influence eating patterns at baseline (2004/05) and follow-up (2006/07).SettingThirty-seven secondary schools in Victoria, Australia.SubjectsSample of 1785 students aged 12–15 years at baseline.ResultsAdolescents who reported that their friends sometimes or often ate healthy foods with them were less likely (adjusted OR; 95 % CI) to skip breakfast (sometimes: 0·71; 0·57, 0·90; often: 0·54; 0·38, 0·76) or lunch (sometimes: 0·61; 0·41, 0·89; often: 0·59; 0·37, 0·94) at baseline than those who reported their friends never or rarely displayed this behaviour. Although this variable was associated with lunch skipping at follow-up, there was no evidence of an association with breakfast skipping at follow-up. There was no evidence of an association between perceived encouragement of healthy eating, and an inconsistent relationship between perceived discouragement of junk food consumption, and meal skipping.ConclusionsFriends eating healthy foods together may serve to reduce meal skipping during early adolescence, possibly due to the influence of directly observable behaviour and shared beliefs held by those in the same friendship group. Verbal encouragement or discouragement from friends may be less impactful an influence on meal skipping (than directly observable behaviours) in adolescents.

scholarly journals Characteristics and treatment regimens across ERS SHARP severe asthma registries

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1901163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Job J.M.H. van Bragt ◽  
Ian M. Adcock ◽  
Elisabeth H.D. Bel ◽  
Gert-Jan Braunstahl ◽  
Anneke ten Brinke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Severe Asthmatic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Uk

Little is known about the characteristics and treatments of patients with severe asthma across Europe, but both are likely to vary. This is the first study in the European Respiratory Society Severe Heterogeneous Asthma Research collaboration, Patient-centred (SHARP) Clinical Research Collaboration and it is designed to explore these variations. Therefore, we aimed to compare characteristics of patients in European severe asthma registries and treatments before starting biologicals.This was a cross-sectional retrospective analysis of aggregated data from 11 national severe asthma registries that joined SHARP with established patient databases.Analysis of data from 3236 patients showed many differences in characteristics and lifestyle factors. Current smokers ranged from 0% (Poland and Sweden) to 9.5% (Belgium), mean body mass index ranged from 26.2 (Italy) to 30.6 kg·m−2 (the UK) and the largest difference in mean pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s % predicted was 20.9% (the Netherlands versus Hungary). Before starting biologicals patients were treated differently between countries: mean inhaled corticosteroid dose ranged from 700 to 1335 µg·day−1 between those from Slovenia versus Poland when starting anti-interleukin (IL)-5 antibody and from 772 to 1344 µg·day−1 in those starting anti-IgE (Slovenia versus Spain). Maintenance oral corticosteroid use ranged from 21.0% (Belgium) to 63.0% (Sweden) and from 9.1% (Denmark) to 56.1% (the UK) in patients starting anti-IL-5 and anti-IgE, respectively.The severe asthmatic population in Europe is heterogeneous and differs in both clinical characteristics and treatment, often appearing not to comply with the current European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society guidelines definition of severe asthma. Treatment regimens before starting biologicals were different from inclusion criteria in clinical trials and varied between countries.

scholarly journals HEALTHY AGEING FOR ALL? SOCIOECONOMIC CHANGES OVER TIME IN DISABILITY-FREE AND INDEPENDENT LIFE EXPECTANCIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S902-S902
Author(s):  
Holly Q Bennett ◽  
Fiona E Matthews ◽  
Louise Robinson ◽  
Lynne Corner ◽  
A Kingston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
Disadvantaged Women ◽  
Independent Life ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Changes Over Time

Abstract Background: Previous research using cross-sectional data shows widening inequalities in disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) by socioeconomic status (SES) in the UK. We aimed to understand the underlying transitions of DFLE and years dependency free (DepFLE) using longitudinal data from the Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies (CFAS I and CFAS II). Methods: Two large population based studies of those aged 65+ in three centres (Newcastle, Nottingham, Cambridgeshire) interviewed at baseline in 1991 (CFAS I) and 2011 (CFAS II) with follow up two years later. Disability was measured using difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL), and dependency by time between help required for ADLs. SES was based on area deprivation categorised into study specific tertiles. Transitions between disability or dependency states and death were modelled using Interpolated Markov Chain software. Results: Between 1991 and 2011, DFLE and disabled life expectancy (DLE) at age 65 increased for men in every SES group, with men being less likely to become disabled or die, and more likely to recover, in 2011 than 1991 across SES groups. For the most disadvantaged women, DFLE was similar, and DLE increased, whilst for the remaining women DFLE increased and DLE was similar. For women probability of recovery increased and probability of death from disability decreased but probability of becoming disabled decreased only for the most advantaged. DepFLE patterns across time were similar but more pronounced. Conclusion: Preventive measures should focus on reducing the disability and dependency onset in the most disadvantaged to ensure inequalities do not widen further.

scholarly journals Healthy Eating Index: Assessment of the Diet Quality of a Brazilian Elderly Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117863881881884
Author(s):  
Dalila Pinto de Souza Fernandes ◽  
Maria Sônia Lopes Duarte ◽  
Milene Cristine Pessoa ◽  
Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini ◽  
Andréia Queiroz Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Quality

Background: The food consumption assessment is necessary to monitor elderly’s nutritional status because it allows detecting nutrition deficits and guiding the elaboration of effective conducts. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the global quality of the elderly’s diet in Viçosa—MG, Brazil. Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study, involving noninstitutionalized elderly. Diet quality was assessed through the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised (BHEI-R) validated to the Brazilian population. Results: The study comprised 620 elderly individuals. The mean total BHEI-R score was 64.28. The worse consumption scores concerned the components Whole grains, Milk and derivatives, Sodium, Total fruit, and Whole fruit. Approximately 82% scored zero (0%) for Whole grains and 67% for Sodium. Men presented significantly lower scores than women, who have presented maximal score in the same items. Women’s scores were not only significantly higher for Total fruit, Whole fruit, Milk and derivatives, but also significantly lower for Saturated fat. Discussion: Most elderly need to improve their diet quality. Strategies heading toward the improvement of diet quality must be priority in policies to health promotion toward the healthy and active aging.

scholarly journals Food at checkouts in non-food stores: a cross-sectional study of a large indoor shopping mall

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 2786-2793 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Wright ◽  
Erin Kamp ◽  
Martin White ◽  
Jean Adams ◽  
Sarah Sowden
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Price Promotions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Child Height ◽  
The Uk

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the display of food at non-food store checkouts; and to classify foods by type and nutrient content, presence of price promotions and whether food was at child height.DesignCross-sectional survey of checkout displays at non-food stores. Foods were classified as ‘less healthy’ or healthier using the UK Food Standards Agency’s Nutrient Profile Model. Written price promotions were recorded. Child height was defined as the sight line of an 11-year-old approximated from UK growth charts.SettingA large indoor shopping mall, Gateshead, UK, February–March 2014.SubjectsTwo hundred and five out of 219 non-food stores in the shopping mall directory which were open for trading.ResultsThirty-two (15·6 %) of 205 non-food stores displayed food at the checkout. All displayed less healthy foods, and fourteen (43·8 %) had healthier foods. Overall, 5911 checkout foods were identified. Of these, 4763 (80·6 %) were ‘less healthy’. No fruits, vegetables, nuts or seeds were found. Of 4763 less healthy foods displayed, 195 (4·1 %) were subject to price promotions, compared with twelve of 1148 (1·0 %) healthier foods (χ2(df=1)=25·4, P<0·0001). There was no difference in the proportion of less healthy (95·1 %) and healthier (96·2 %) foods displayed at child height.ConclusionsAlmost one-sixth of non-food stores displayed checkout food, the majority of which was ‘less healthy’ and displayed at child height. Less healthy food was more likely to be subject to a written price promotion than healthier food. Further research into the drivers and consequences of checkout food in non-food stores is needed. Public health regulation may be warranted.

scholarly journals Comparisons of Costs between Black Caribbean and White British Patients with Advanced Multiple Sclerosis in the UK

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Wayne Smith ◽  
Paul McCrone ◽  
Cassie Goddard ◽  
Wei Gao ◽  
Rachel Burman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Black Caribbean ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Uk

Background. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is now more common among black and minority ethnic groups in the UK but little is known about the costs of care amongst different ethnic groups.Objective. This study examined and compared service use and costs for people severely affected with MS from Black Caribbean (BC) and White British (WB) backgrounds in the UK and identified predictors of cost for both groups.Method. Population-based cross-sectional study of 43 BC and 43 WB patients with MS (EDSS ≥ 6) and their informal caregivers recruited from an MS service in southeast London. Interviews collected data on health and social service use and informal care support. Costs were calculated using UK unit cost data. Using regression analyses we compared costs between the ethnic groups and identified possible predictors of cost.Results. The mean (SD) costs for the WB and BC groups were£25,778 (£39,387) and£23,186 (£30,433), respectively. Results identified no significant difference in total cost between the two ethnic groups. The EDSS score alone was a significant predictor of cost.Conclusion. Similar costs between ethnic groups indicate that with regard to this MS service and geographical area, access to care was not affected by ethnicity.

scholarly journals Multimorbilidade em Portugal: Dados do Primeiro Inquérito Nacional de Saúde com Exame Físico

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Quinaz Romana ◽  
Irina Kislaya ◽  
Mário Rui Salvador ◽  
Susana Cunha Gonçalves ◽  
Baltazar Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Portuguese Population ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Definition Of

Introduction: The simultaneous presence of multiple chronic diseases in the same individual is recognized as an important public health problem. Patients with multimorbidity have greater healthcare needs, which represents a higher burden on health services. Although there is no consensual definition of this concept, multimorbidity is usually defined as the presence of two or more chronic diseases in the same patient. The existence of evidence regarding multimorbidity will lead to more efficient management and treatment of these patients.Material and Methods: In order to estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity and to identify the associated factors, a cross-sectional epidemiological study was developed based on data from the INSEF, a population-based survey conducted on a representative probability sample of the Portuguese population (n = 4911). The prevalence of multimorbidity was estimated for the total population and separately for men and women, stratified by age group, region, education and income. The magnitudes of the associations were measured by the adjusted prevalence ratios calculated by the Poisson regression model.Results: Prevalence of multimorbidity was 38.3% (95% CI: 35.4% to 41.3%), with higher frequency in women, older people, Lisbon and Tagus Valley; Northern Portugal; Algarve and Alentejo regions and in those with lower academic qualifications. No association was found between multimorbidity and income.Discussion: Multimorbidity affects more than one third of the Portuguese population. Epidemiological data about multimorbidity in Portugal allows the identification of population groups with higher multimorbidity prevalence.Conclusion: Our results, which highlight the greater risk of multimorbidity among older and less instructed people, are in line with the literature. These results show the relevance of multimorbidity patients and are especially important in the way how healthcare is organized and provided.

scholarly journals Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in underweight and obesity in 5-year-old children, 2011–2018: a population-based, repeated cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e042023
Author(s):  
Ryan Stewart ◽  
John J Reilly ◽  
Adrienne Hughes ◽  
Louise A Kelly ◽  
David I Conway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Year ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Deprived Areas

ObjectiveTo explore trends in prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in underweight and obesity in 5-year-old schoolchildren in Scotland between 2011/2012 and 2017/2018.DesignA population-based, repeated cross-sectional study.SettingLocal authority primary schools in Scotland.Participants373 189 5-year-old schoolchildren in Scotland between 2011/2012 and 2017/2018.MethodologyTrends in prevalence and inequalities in underweight and obesity were examined across seven school years (2011/2012–2017/2018) for 373 189 5-year-old schoolchildren in Scotland. Body mass index SD scores were calculated, and epidemiological cut-offs relative to the UK 1990 references categorised underweight and obesity. Slope/relative indices of inequality (SII/RII) were calculated for underweight and obesity by school year using the area-based Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation.ResultsThe prevalence of obesity rose slightly overall during the study period (9.8% in 2011/2012; 10.1% in 2017/2018). However, this masked a widening of inequalities, with children from the most deprived areas experiencing a greater risk of obesity in 2017/2018 than in 2011/2012 (risk ratio=1.14, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.25) compared with an unchanged risk in children from the least deprived areas (risk ratio=0.95, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.11). SII and RII indicate widening inequalities for obesity, with RII rising from 1.95 (95% CI 1.71 to 2.22) in 2011/2012 to 2.22 (95% CI 1.93 to 2.56) in 2017/2018. The prevalence of underweight was consistently low (compared with the UK 1990 references) and remained unchanged over the study period (1.2% in 2011/2012; 1.1% in 2017/2018), with no consistent evidence of social patterning over time.ConclusionsInequalities in obesity in schoolchildren in Scotland are large and have widened from 2011, despite only a slight rise in overall prevalence. In contrast there has been little change in underweight prevalence or inequalities during the study period. Extra resources for policy implementation and measures which do not widen inequalities and focus on reaching the most deprived children are required to tackle the high prevalence and growing inequalities in childhood obesity in Scotland.

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