scholarly journals Measures of self-efficacy and norms for low-fat milk consumption are reliable and related to beverage consumption among 5th graders at school lunch

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria J Thompson ◽  
Christine Bachman ◽  
Kathy Watson ◽  
Tom Baranowski ◽  
Karen W Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
School Lunch ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Spring Semester ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the reliability and validity of scales measuring low-fat milk consumption self-efficacy and norms during school lunch among a cohort of 5th graders.DesignTwo hundred and seventy-five students completed lunch food records and a psychosocial questionnaire measuring self-efficacy and norms for school lunch low-fat milk consumption during the fall and spring semesters of the 1998–1999 academic year. Test–retest reliability was assessed in participants who also completed the questionnaire in the spring semester (n = 262). Principal component analyses identified and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed latent variables. Bivariate correlations measured construct validity.SettingHouston-area middle school.SubjectsFifth graders (n = 275) from one middle school in southeast Texas.ResultsTwo scales measuring psychosocial influences of low-fat milk consumption were identified and proved reliable in this population: milk self-efficacy and milk norms. Milk self-efficacy and norms were positively correlated with milk consumption and negatively correlated with consumption of sweetened beverages.ConclusionsThese questionnaires can be used in similar interventions to measure the impact of self-efficacy and norms for drinking low-fat milk during school lunch.

Measuring Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy: A Comprehensive Scale

2021 ◽  
pp. 239395752110196
Author(s):  
Neha Taneja Chawla ◽  
Hitesh Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behaviour ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

With the increasing popularity of entrepreneurship education programs across the world, the impact assessment of such programs has gathered considerable interest of the researchers. Growing number of studies are including entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) as a key predictor of future entrepreneurial behaviour and hence the scale for measuring ESE is central to majority of studies pertaining to entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial behaviour. This study attempts to refine the existing instruments for measuring ESE by extensively reviewing the notable scales of ESE in literature and develops a comprehensive scale of ESE relevant in the Indian context. The additional components are added to the existing scales through expert discussions with the academicians as well as entrepreneurs. The scale is further verified for its reliability and validity by using appropriate statistical methods.

Developing the Reliability and Validity of an Urdu Version-Self-Efficacy Scale for Breast Cancer Patients in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. JNM-D-19-00065
Author(s):  
Sehrish Sajjad ◽  
Raisa Gul ◽  
Sajida Chagani ◽  
Asho Ali ◽  
Ambreen Gowani
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Post Hoc

Background and PurposeNo suitable scale was identified in literature that comprehensively measure self-efficacy of Pakistani breast cancer patients. The study aimed to develop a self-efficacy scale in Urdu language and determine its dimensions.MethodsThe scale was developed with input from experts and literature. It was administered, in crosssectional phase of two pilot studies, on breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Post hoc internal consistency reliability was computed and principal component analysis (PCA) was performed.ResultsSES-U comprised 17 questions. PCA revealed a total of five factors explaining cumulative variance of 68.7%. These factors were self-confidence, faith, coping, optimism, and decision making. Post hoc internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) value was high (∞ = 0.87).ConclusionsThe self-efficacy scale has acceptable validity and reliability and has potential to obtain information related to self-efficacy of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Nursing Motives for Helping Scale (N-MHS): Reliability and Validity

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis González Gutiérrez ◽  
Cecilia Peñacoba Puente ◽  
Ricardo Moreno Rodríguez ◽  
Almudena López López ◽  
Lilian Velasco Furlong
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Altruistic Motivation ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Reward Seeking ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Potential Risks

This paper presents the Nursing Motives for Helping Scale (N-MHS), an instrument designed for the evaluation of three of the four motives for helping derived from Batson's helping pathway theory. Dimensionality was analyzed by means of principal component analysis (n = 113), followed by confirmatory factor analysis. A 3-factor structure (corresponding to Batson's differentiation among altruistic motivation, reward-seeking motivation, and punishment-avoidance motivation, respectively), with 9 items distributed in three latent variables, revealed an acceptable fit to the data. Alpha values (.60 - .74) showed that internal consistency was acceptable for a newly developed subscale with a small number of items. Convergence validity was evaluated with correlations between N-MHS subscales scores and scores on the Professional Expectations Scale (Garrosa, Moreno-Jiménez, Rodríguez-Carvajal, & Morante, 2005). The three resulting subscales are a promising instrument for the evaluation of three nursing motives for helping that can contribute to reduce the potential risks and to improve the potential benefits both for the nurse and the patient.

scholarly journals Impact of Teaching Sexual Health Education on Medical Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 518-522
Author(s):  
Sarah J. F. Bourne ◽  
Charlotte M. Lee ◽  
Elizabeth Taliaferro ◽  
Angela Y. Zhang ◽  
Natasha F. Dalomb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Sexual Health Education ◽  
School Students ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Impact

Background and Objectives: Physician discomfort, embarrassment, and perceived lack of time and/or training all play a role in preventing physicians from discussing sexual health with patients. Past research shows this discomfort begins in medical school. We aimed to determine whether teaching sexual health education increases medical students’ self-efficacy in discussing sexual health topics with adolescents. Methods: We emailed a retrospective pre/postsurvey to all medical students who taught sexual health education in a local middle school through Sex Ed by Brown Med (N=61). Results: Participation in Sex Ed by Brown Med improves self-efficacy in discussing nine sexual health topics and in performing nine advanced interviewing skills relevant to sexual health in a retrospective analysis using self-reported data. Conclusions: Programs similar to Sex Ed by Brown Med may be useful in improving medical students’ ability to adequately care for their patients’ sexual health by making future clinicians more comfortable when discussing the important topic of sexuality, and concurrently providing evidence-based comprehensive sexual health education to middle school students. Further research is needed to determine the impact of our program (and similar programs) before disseminating this model of sexual education.

scholarly journals Active citizenship self-efficacy scale: A reliability and validity studyAktif yurttaşlık öz-yeterlik ölçeği: Bir geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2797
Author(s):  
Hakan Arslan ◽  
Kemal Dil ◽  
Ensar Çetin ◽  
Sedat Yazıcı
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Active Citizenship ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The aim of this study is to develop a scale that measures active citizenship self-efficacy. Because self-efficacy identifies a person’s perceived beliefs towards his or her capacity and ability to succeed a task, it has a motivational and causative role in one’s possible acts or behaviors. For his reason, measuring active citizenship behaviors through self-efficacy is of special importance for understanding citizenry behaviors. The study explores the development of the Active Citizenship Self-Efficacy Scale (ACSES) and its psychometric properties. Participants consist of 414 university students, of which 326 were female and 88 were male. The validity of the scale was tested via explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis. The results for explanatory factor analysis with principal component solution indicated three factor structure that explains 57,17 percent of the total variance. Since the chi square test indicated that our data was meaningful, we also conducted a confirmatory factor analysis and found the indices of goodness of fit as for RMSEA = .070, GFI = .90, CFI = .97, NFI =.95, RFI = .95, AGFI = .87, IFI = .97 and NNFI = .96. These results from both explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis indicated that scale obtains construct validity criterion. The Cronbach alphas’ of the ACSES for the total 18 items and subdomains were found .90, and .84, .82, and .86 respectively. Since the determination of citizens’ self-efficacy level can in part reflect the results of citizenship education and practices we believe that this scale has a potential use in citizenship studies.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı aktif yurttaşlık öz yeterliği ile ilgili bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Öz-yeterlik kişinin bir işi başarmada kendi kendisine yönelik algı inancını yansıttığı için olası davranışlar üzerine nedensel ve motivasyonel bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu nedenle, aktif yurttaşlık davranışlarını öz-yeterlik aracılığıyla ölçmek yurttaşlık davranışlarını anlamada önemlidir. Çalışmada Aktif Yurttaşlık Öz-yeterlik Ölçeği (AYÖYÖ) geliştirilerek psikometrik özellikleri tanıtılmıştır. Ölçek, 18 soru ve üç boyuttan meydana gelen bir ölçme aracıdır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları 326’sı kadın; 88’i erkek olmak üzere 414 üniversite öğrencisidir.  Elde edilen verilere açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılarak ölçeğin geçerliliği test edilmiştir. Açıklayıcı faktör analizinde ölçeğin üç faktörlü yapısının toplam varyansı açıklama oranının % 57,17 olduğu görülmüştür. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde ki-kare değeri anlamlı bulunmuştur; uyum indeksleri ise RMSEA = .070, GFI = .90, CFI = .97, NFI =.95, RFI = .95, AGFI = .87, IFI = .97 ve NNFI = .96 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, ölçeğin yapı geçerliğinin sağladığını göstermektedir. AYÖYÖ’nin tüm maddeler için Cronbach alpha güvenirlik katsayısı .90, alt boyutlar için ise .84, .82. ve .86  olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yurttaşların öz-yeterlik düzeylerinin tespit edilmesi yurttaşlık eğitimi ve uygulamalarının sonuçlarını görme açısından önemli olduğundan bu ölçme aracının yurttaşlık araştırmalarında yaygın kullanım potansiyeline sahip olduğunu düşünüyoruz.

scholarly journals Development and validation of the Adolescent Asthma Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (AASEQ)

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 1801375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Holley ◽  
Rebecca Knibb ◽  
Sue Latter ◽  
Christina Liossi ◽  
Frances Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Symptom Management ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Item Scale

Perceived self-efficacy is the belief that one can manage prospective situations. Good asthma self-management self-efficacy is associated with better asthma outcomes. However, a well-developed and validated tool to measure adolescent asthma self-management self-efficacy is lacking. Our objective was to develop and validate an Adolescent Asthma Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (AASEQ).The first stage of the study included a review of the literature, interviews with adolescents with asthma and consultations with parents and relevant healthcare professionals to develop a prototype scale. To assess reliability and validity, a further group of adolescents completed the prototype scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale and KidCOPE (measures coping styles). Retesting was undertaken to assess longitudinal validity.Interviews with 28 adolescents and consultations with other stakeholders resulted in a 38-item prototype scale. Key themes were medication, symptom management, triggers, knowledge, attitude and beliefs around asthma, supportive relationships, schools and healthcare professionals. The prototype scale was completed by 243 adolescents. Factor and reliability analysis reduced it to a 27-item scale with four subsections: symptom management; medication; friends, family and school; and asthma beliefs. The 27-item scale had respectable to excellent internal consistency (α's 0.78–0.91) with results that were stable over time (intra-class correlation=0.82) in 63 subjects who completed it twice. Better adolescent asthma self-efficacy was associated with better general self-efficacy and indices of better asthma management.The AASEQ is a reliable and valid tool that is likely to aid future research and practice focused on adolescent asthma self-management and could be a useful intermediate outcome measure to assess the impact of behavioural interventions.

scholarly journals The Important Role of Self-Efficacy in Determining Entrepreneurial Orientations of Malay Small Scale Entrepreneurs in Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohani Mohd ◽  
Badrul Hisham Kamaruddin ◽  
Salwana Hassan ◽  
Mazzini Muda ◽  
Khulida Kirana Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
T Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Management Consultants ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study is to understand the role of self-efficacy in influencing entrepreneurial orientations of small scale Malay entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurial orientations are consistently found to influence performance quite positively. Therefore, the understanding of how strong self-efficacy influences entrepreneurial orientations would also help in identifying ways to improve the performance of small scale businesses. There was a lack of research to see what drives business owners to choose among the entrepreneurial orientations, while there were so many researches conducted to see the impact of entrepreneurial orientations on performance. Thus, finding what influences entrepreneurial orientations would be a significant contribution to the field of entrepreneurship. The samples comprised of 162 small scale Malay SMEs in the manufacturing industry in all the states of Malaysia. The Rasch Measurement Model was used for the purpose of construct reliability and validity. In order to identify the influence of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial orientations and its two dimensions (proactivity and innovativeness), a simple linear regression and independent-t test were undertaken by using the SPSS as a tool. The findings indicated that self-efficacy was significantly related to entrepreneurial orientation and self-efficacy of the Malay entrepreneurs has affected innovativeness more strongly than the proactive dimension of entrepreneurial orientations. The independent-t test also was able to identify that Malay entrepreneurs withwith low self-efficacy. The findings give important implications to management consultants whose clients are SMEs to design training modules that specifically focus on developing self-efficacy among average performing SMEs because self-efficacy was found to improve the entrepreneurial orientations of entrepreneurs.   Keywords: Self-efficacy, entrepreneurial orientations, innovativeness and proactivity.

scholarly journals Impact of Informal Experiences: Changes in Mathematics Motivation for Middle Schoolers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Suzanne F Lindt ◽  
Dittika Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
School Students ◽  
Middle Schoolers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Efficacy Measure ◽  
Vicarious Experiences ◽  
The Impact

The current research sought to examine the impact of a week-long mathematics camp on motivation and self-efficacy beliefs of participating middle school students. Middle school students participated in a one-week mathematics camp on a college campus, where they worked on authentic mathematics activities that were applied to real world concepts. The activities were developed by a mathematics educator and were facilitated by trained college students. Middle school students responded to the Sources of Self-Efficacy measure before and after the mathematics camp to determine whether changes occurred in various motivational variables resulting from their participation in the camp. Parallel t-tests indicated significant positive changes in students’ vicarious experiences and mastery goals to suggest that participation in the camp may have caused students to feel more confident in their ability to work through math problems and to adopt learning goals for mastering mathematics content. Providing middle school students with informal learning experiences in mathematics may help them in creating long-term goals for their learning.

scholarly journals Elementary and Middle School-Aged Students with Longer Seated Lunch Time Eat More Fruits and Vegetables

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 264-264
Author(s):  
Melissa Pflugh Prescott ◽  
Xanna Burg ◽  
Jesscia Jarick Metcalfe ◽  
Brenna Ellison
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
School Lunch ◽  
United States Department ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Elementary And Middle School ◽  
Lunch Time

Abstract Objectives Health advocates recommend 20 minutes of seated lunch time. Yet, no federal policy ensures adequate time for school lunch across the US. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of meeting the 20-minute seated lunch time recommendation on child food consumption and waste. Methods Using a crossover design, seated lunch time was randomly assigned each day to be either 10 or 20 minutes. Menus conformed to the National School Lunch Program nutrition standards and were matched to short and long lunch days to control for menu. Elementary and middle school-aged students attending a university summer camp participated in the study. Children could enroll in 1 to 4 weeks of the camp and had varying lengths of participation in the study. Researchers weighed individual child meals to assess consumption and waste. Mixed models assessed the differences in food consumption and waste between students with greater or less than 20 minutes of seated lunch time, accounting for repeated measures and menus. Results A total of 38 students participated (mean: 10.9 years old, 60.5% female) and attended 6.3 study days on average. Students with less than 20 minutes of seated lunch time consumed on average 8.4% less (P = 0.010) of their selected fruit and 11.5% (P = 0.006) less of their selected vegetable compared to students with at least 20 minutes. For each additional minute of seated lunch time, student consumption of fruit increased on average 0.9% (P = 0.003) while vegetable consumption increased on average 1.3% (P = 0.001). Student consumption of entree items and milk did not significantly differ across short and long lunches. Conclusions These findings suggest that shorter lunch periods differentially impact rates of child fruit and vegetable consumption, as compared to entree and beverage consumption. These results also support policies requiring 20 minutes of seated lunch time to improve child diet quality and reduce food waste. Funding Sources This research was funded from a United States Department of Agriculture HATCH award.

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