scholarly journals Lipid, protein and carbohydrate intake in relation to body mass index: an Italian study

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Randi ◽  
Claudio Pelucchi ◽  
Silvano Gallus ◽  
Maria Parpinel ◽  
Luigino Dal Maso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Partial Regression Coefficient ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Comparison Groups

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse the association between macronutrient intake and body mass index (BMI).DesignA series of hospital-based case–control studies.SettingsSelected teaching and general hospitals in several Italian regions.SubjectsA total of 6619 subjects from the comparison groups of the case–control studies were included in the analysis.MethodsWe obtained data from a validated 78-item food-frequency questionnaire submitted between 1991 and 2002. For various macronutrients, the partial regression coefficient (variation of BMI (kg m− 2) per 100 kcal increment of energy intake) was derived from multiple linear regression models, after allowance for age, study centre, education, smoking habits, number of eating episodes and mutual adjustment for macronutrients.ResultsBMI was directly associated with protein intake among women only (β = 0.68) and with unsaturated fats in both genders (for monounsaturated fats β = 0.27 for men and 0.26 for women; for polyunsaturated fats β = 0.27 for men and 0.54 for women), and inversely related to carbohydrates (β = − 0.05 for men and − 0.21 for women) and number of eating episodes in both genders (β =  − 0.42 for men and − 0.61 for women) and to saturated fats among women only (β =  − 0.57).ConclusionsThese results confirm and provide convincing evidence that, after allowance for selected covariates including total energy intake, a protein-rich diet is not inversely related to BMI, and a carbohydrate-rich diet is not directly related to BMI.

scholarly journals Mediterranean diet in relation to body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Rossi ◽  
Eva Negri ◽  
Cristina Bosetti ◽  
Luigino Dal Maso ◽  
Renato Talamini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractObjectiveThe Mediterranean diet is rich in fat and starch, and hence may be related to overweight. We therefore investigated the relationship between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR).Design and settingData were obtained from the control group of a network of case–control studies on cancer conducted in major teaching and general hospitals in four Italian areas between 1991 and 2002. An interviewer-administered validated 78-item food-frequency questionnaire was used to obtain information on the subjects’ habitual diet. Information on socio-economic factors, lifestyle habits and anthropometric measures was also collected. A Mediterranean diet score (MDS) was derived on the basis of eight characteristics of the Mediterranean diet.SubjectsSubjects were 6619 patients (3090 men, 3529 women) admitted to hospital for a wide spectrum of acute, non-neoplastic conditions, unrelated to known risk factors for cancer and long-term modifications of diet.ResultsIn multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, study centre, education, tobacco smoking, occupational physical activity and total energy intake, the MDS was not related to BMI (β = 0.05 for men and −0.04 for women) or WHR (β = 0.000 and 0.001, respectively) in both sexes.ConclusionsAdherence to the major characteristics of the Mediterranean diet is unrelated to BMI and WHR, confirming previous data from Greece and Spain.

scholarly journals Usual consumption of ultra-processed foods and its association with sex, age, physical activity, and body mass index in adults living in Brasília City, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clíslian Luzia da Silva ◽  
Alessandra Gaspar Sousa ◽  
Lara Pereira Saraiva Leão Borges ◽  
Teresa Helena Macedo da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
State University ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Iowa State University ◽  
Dietary Consumption ◽  
Food Recalls

ABSTRACT: Objective: To evaluate the usual consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and its association with body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA), age, and sex in adults living in Brasília City, Brazil. Methodology: A total of 506 individuals aged ≥ 20 years old were interviewed. Dietary intake was assessed with two non-consecutive 24-h food recalls. The distributions of usual intakes of energy and the amount of UPF were estimated using the Iowa State University method. The association of age, BMI, PA, and sex with the proportions of UPF consumption (%Kcal and %grams) was investigated with linear regression models. Results: UPF represented 9.2% of the total dietary consumption (grams/day) and 25% of total energy intake. Compared to eutrophic, subjects with obesity consumed a higher percentage of UPF in grams, whereas subjects with overweight had a higher percentage of UPF in kilocalories. The share of UPF in energy intake was lower in male than female individuals, and PA and age were inversely associated with UPF consumption. Conclusion: Careful monitoring of intake of UPF is recommended. Its consumption should be reduced among people with overweight/obesity and sedentary individuals. Appropriate choices for methods to evaluate the usual distribution of intake will strengthen future analysis of UPF assessment.

scholarly journals Body mass index and lung cancer risk: a pooled analysis based on nested case-control studies from four cohort studies

BMC Cancer ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harinakshi Sanikini ◽  
Jian-Min Yuan ◽  
Lesley M. Butler ◽  
Woon-Puay Koh ◽  
Yu-Tang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Nested Case Control

scholarly journals Anthropometric Variables as Mediators of the Association of Changes in Diet and Physical Activity With Inflammatory Profile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Cárdenas-Fuentes ◽  
Camille Lassale ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
María Grau ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Inflammatory Score ◽  
Inflammatory Profile

Abstract Background Mechanisms underlying the associations of high levels of physical activity (PA) and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) with a better inflammatory profile remain unclear. Our objective was to assess the mediating role of changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), as markers of body fat in the association of changes in PA and adherence to the MedDiet, with changes in the inflammatory profile. Method This study included 489 adults, aged 55–75 years, from the PREDIMED-Plus multicenter lifestyle intervention trial. An inflammatory score was calculated, based on 8 blood biomarkers: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, interleukin 18, monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1, C-peptide, leptin, and regulated on activation, normal T-cell–expressed and secreted chemokine. Biomarkers, levels of PA, score of MedDiet adherence, BMI, and WC were measured at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Linear regression models were fitted according to the Baron and Kenny framework for mediation analysis. Results Changes in BMI and WC mediated the association of both changes in PA and changes in the MedDiet adherence with the inflammatory score. Body mass index mediated 26% of the association of changes in total PA with the inflammatory profile, and 27% of the association of changes in the MedDiet, while WC mediated 13% and 12% of these associations, respectively. Conclusion In older adults at high cardiovascular risk, increasing PA levels and adherence to a MedDiet during 1 year were associated with a lower inflammatory score, which was partly mediated by a reduction in body fat. Clinical Trials Registration Number International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number: ISRCTN89898870; registration date July 24, 2014, retrospectively registered.

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