scholarly journals Determinants of child wasting in Bhutan. Insights from nationally representative data

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor M Aguayo ◽  
Nina Badgaiyan ◽  
Laigden Dzed
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Prelacteal Feeds

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize the epidemiology of wasting and identify the main predictors of wasting, severe wasting and poor weight-for-height in children.DesignWe analysed a nationally representative sample of 2028 children (Multiple Indicator Survey, 2010).SettingRoyal Kingdom of Bhutan.SubjectsChildren aged 0–23 months.ResultsWasting prevalence was significantly higher among infants aged 0–11 months than among children aged 12–23 months (12·0 v. 6·7 %; P=0·004) and among boys than girls (11·0 v. 7·5 %; P=0·04). Children from the Western region had 63 % higher odds of being wasted than children from the Central/Eastern regions (adjusted OR (AOR)=1·63; 95 % CI 1·14, 2·34). Poor feeding practices were among the most significant predictors of wasting and severe wasting. Children who were given prelacteal feeds in the first days of life had 2·5 times higher odds of being severely wasted than those who were not (AOR=2·49; 95 % CI 1·19, 5·19); inadequate complementary feeding in children aged 0–23 months was associated with 58 % higher odds of being wasted (AOR=1·58; 95 % CI 1·02, 2·47) and 2·3 times higher odds of being severely wasted (AOR=2·28; 95 % CI 1·13, 4·58). The association of poor infant feeding practices with wasting and severe wasting was particularly significant in infants (0–11 months).ConclusionsProgrammes for the detection and treatment of severely wasted children need to prioritize very young children (0–11 months), particularly in the Western region. Programmes for the prevention of wasting need to prioritize the improvement of complementary foods and feeding practices in children aged 6–23 months.

scholarly journals Infant Feeding Practices in Kaski District, Pokhara

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
S Basnet ◽  
E Gauchan ◽  
K Malla ◽  
T Malla ◽  
DP Koirala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Prelacteal Feeds ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Background: Children in developing countries are prone to infectious diseases due to insufficient and inappropriate feeding practices. Socio-demographic and socio-economic factors directly and indirectly play a role in influencing infant feeding practices.  This study was conducted to assess the socio-demographic and economic factors associated with initiation of breastfeeding, complimentary feeding, and the various prelacteal feeds practiced in Kaski, Pokhara. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, interviews were conducted to 500 mothers at Manipal Teaching Hospital who brought their child for treatment. The interviews were conducted in a questionnaire format relating to their demographic and financial statuses. Results: A total of 500 mothers were questioned, out of which 86.6% gave their child breastmilk as its first food. 47% initiated breastfeeding within half an hour of child’s birth. 86% gave Jaulo as the first complementary food to their children. About 26% of the mothers gave complementary feeding to their children before the recommended time of 6 months. Conclusion: Initiation of breastfeeding after life and complementary feeding practices overall has improved from previous studies. There is still need of making awareness campaigns and such in order to further improve this trend. Key words: Breastfeeding; Complimentary feeding; Malnourishment DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v32i1.5339     J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.32(1) 2012 23-27

scholarly journals Infant Feeding Practice of Mother attending Pediatric out Patients Department in A Tertiary Care Center

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamanna Begum ◽  
SK Azimul Hoque ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Soofia Katoon ◽  
Azanta Rani Shah
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Appropriate breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices are the fundamental to children’s nutrition, health and survival during the first year of life. WHO and UNICEF have articulated a global strategy for poor infant feeding practices directly and indirectly contributes to under nutrition, morbidity and mortality in infant. Objective: This study was designed to determine the breast feeding (BF) and complementary feeding (CF) practices in study population. Methodology: This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in Pediatrics out patients department (OPD) of Shahid Surhawardy Medical College and Hospital, from January 2009 to December 2009. Feeding history of total 250 babies age >6 months to <1 year was taken from mothers. Results: Among 250 total babies, prelacteal feed was given in 29.2%(73/250), colostrum was given in 79.2%(198/250) and exclusive breast feeding upto six months was given in 24%(60/250) babies. CF was started in 242 babies and it was too early before six months in 29.6%(74/250) cases. Amount of CF was adequate in 66.9%(162/ 242) and composition of CF was good enough in 58.3%(141/242) babies. Conclusion: In this study CF was introduced before 6 months in one third babies and amount was inadequate in same numbers of children. There is need for promotion and protection of optimal infant feeding practices for improving nutritional status of our children. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v37i3.18616 Bangladesh J Child Health 2013; Vol.37(3): 138-141

scholarly journals Effectiveness of an Educational Manual to Promote Infant Feeding Practices in Primary Health Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-561
Author(s):  
Gláubia Rocha Barbosa Relvas ◽  
Gabriela Buccini ◽  
Louise Potvin ◽  
Sonia Venancio
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Educational Strategy ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Before And After

Objective: To test the hypothesis that a continuing educational strategy (ie, “the manual”) in primary health-care improves infant feeding practices among infants under 1 year of age. Methods: A before and after study was conducted at primary health-care units in Embu das Artes, Brazil. The intervention was the use of a manual created to support continuing educational activities on breastfeeding and complementary feeding to be performed by tutors of Estratégia Amamenta e Alimenta Brasil with health-care teams, in a period of 8 months. Five hundred sixty-one mothers before and 598 mothers after intervention were interviewed about breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. Multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson multilevel regression to test the hypothesis. Results: Lack of minimum food diversity (before 62.9%; after 50.3%) and lack of food adequacy (before 77.5%; after 63.3%) decreased significantly. Regression analysis confirmed that infants after the intervention had lower prevalence of inadequacy of complementary feeding. While the intervention did not show significant association with exclusive breastfeeding, it showed association with the improvement of complementary feeding practices. Conclusions: The manual is a continuing educational strategy that improved complementary feeding practices in primary health care.

scholarly journals Nutrition Monitoring of Children Aged Birth to 24 Mo (B-24): Data Collection and Findings from the NHANES

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namanjeet Ahluwalia
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Nutrition Monitoring ◽  
Nationally Representative

ABSTRACTThe first 2 y of life are characterized by several transitions that can affect growth, development, and eating patterns long term. These include a shift from a primarily milk-based eating pattern to introduction of complementary foods at ∼4–6 mo of age, and passage to family-meal patterns in toddler years. Recognizing the importance of this critical period, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans from 2020 onwards will include guidance for children aged birth to 24 mo (B-24). Few large-scale surveys provide comprehensive, nationally representative, quantitative, recent data on infant and toddler nutrition in the United States. The continuous NHANES has collected data relevant to this initiative since 1999 using standardized interview and examination protocols. These include data on infant feeding practices, dietary intakes (foods, beverages, and supplements), anthropometry, and blood-based nutritional status on nationally representative samples of infants and toddlers. NHANES data can be used to describe large group-level consumption patterns, as well as trends over time for B-24 children overall, and by demographic groups (e.g., race-ethnic and income groups). In addition, NHANES data can be analyzed to examine adherence to nutrition-related recommendations, such as those from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and to track Healthy People 2020 objectives. This paper provides an update on NHANES nutrition monitoring in B-24 children since our previous publication (which provided details through NHANES 2009–2010) and describes data collection since 2010 and plans for upcoming cycles. It also describes key NHANES-based findings published in the last 5 y on infant feeding practices, dietary intakes and supplement use, and nutritional status of US children aged <2 y. Findings related to existing recommendations, such as from the AAP, are presented when available. This information can inform researchers and policymakers on the state of nutrition in the US B-24 population and its subgroups of interest.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of determinants and impact of breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices on nutritional status and common illnesses among infants in urban slum

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4563
Author(s):  
Monika S. Masare ◽  
Gajanan Soyam ◽  
P. A. Hiwarkar
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Illnesses

Background: The present research was carried out with an objective to study various breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices its effect on nutritional status of children and association with common illness like diarrhea and ARI.Methods: This cross sectional observational study was conducted on infant registered in under five-clinic at an urban health center in urban slum. A semi structured questionnaire was used to study the current breast feeding and infant feeding practices among mothers of the study subjects. The analysis was done using Microsoft Excel.Results: There was universal breastfeeding with almost all children having ever been breastfed. Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months was not practiced as only about 37.72% of infants were exclusively breastfed for six months. Factors associated with sub-optimal infant and young child feeding practices in these settings include mother’s education level, lack of knowledge of proper feeding practices, lower socioeconomic status, and frequent illness. Noncompliance with proper exclusive breast-feeding practices was associated with more chances of having diarrhoea and acute respiratory illness among infants.Conclusions: The study indicates poor adherence to WHO recommendations for breastfeeding and infant feeding practices leading to more chances of falling ill with common illnesses.

scholarly journals Early-Childhood Feeding Practices Among Mexican Indigenous Population A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz E Vera-Becerra ◽  
Ana I Rodriguez-Guerra ◽  
CLAUDIA MARTINEZ-CORDERO
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices

Abstract Breast feeding and complementary feeding practices are crucial for health across the life. The purpose of the study was to know some infant feeding practices in a Mexican indigenous population. Twenty Mexican indigenous mothers with children under two-year age answered a semi-structured interview. Most of the mothers reported to feed their children with breast milk during the first months, although exclusive breastfeeding did not meet the recommended time mainly due to cultural factors. We conclude the mothers followed the preferences and signals of the child for complementary feeding, and instinctively determined how and when to offer different foods to breast milk.

scholarly journals Household food security and infant feeding practices in rural Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1875-1881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aatekah Owais ◽  
David G Kleinbaum ◽  
Parminder S Suchdev ◽  
ASG Faruque ◽  
Sumon K Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Infant Diet ◽  
Household Food

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the association between household food security and infant complementary feeding practices in rural Bangladesh.DesignProspective, cohort study using structured home interviews during pregnancy and 3 and 9 months after delivery. We used two indicators of household food security at 3-months’ follow-up: maternal Food Composition Score (FCS), calculated via the World Food Programme method, and an HHFS index created from an eleven-item food security questionnaire. Infant feeding practices were characterized using WHO definitions.SettingTwo rural sub-districts of Kishoreganj, Bangladesh.SubjectsMother–child dyads (n 2073) who completed the 9-months’ follow-up.ResultsComplementary feeding was initiated at age ≤4 months for 7 %, at 5–6 months for 49 % and at ≥7 months for 44 % of infants. Based on 24 h dietary recall, 98 % of infants were still breast-feeding at age 9 months, and 16 % received ≥4 food groups and ≥4 meals (minimally acceptable diet) in addition to breast milk. Mothers’ diet was more diverse than infants’. The odds of receiving a minimally acceptable diet for infants living in most food-secure households were three times those for infants living in least food-secure households (adjusted OR=3·0; 95 % CI 2·1, 4·3). Socio-economic status, maternal age, literacy, parity and infant sex were not associated with infant diet.ConclusionsHHFS and maternal FCS were significant predictors of subsequent infant feeding practices. Nevertheless, even the more food-secure households had poor infant diet. Interventions aimed at improving infant nutritional status need to focus on both complementary food provision and education.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of an educational manual to promote infant feeding practices in primary health care

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
G R B Relvas ◽  
G S Buccini ◽  
L Potvin ◽  
S I Venancio
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Healthcare Teams ◽  
Primary Health

Abstract Background Breastfeeding and adequate complementary feeding in the first years of life provide short- and long-term benefits for child health. However, breastfeeding and adequate complementary feeding prevalence's are low. In Brazil, the Estratégia Amamenta e Alimenta Brasil (EAAB) aims to improve the quality of the assistance provided by primary healthcare teams to ultimately improving infant feeding practices in the Brazilian population. In primary healthcare units, continuing education in breastfeeding and complementary feeding is facilitated by EAAB tutors. A Manual to Support EAAB Tutor (the Manual) was developed following a problem-based learning methodology. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using the Manual by analyzing exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding indicators. Methods A before and after study was conducted at primary healthcare units in Embu das Artes, Brazil. The intervention consisted in the use of the Manual by EAAB tutors who performed some comprehensive training activities with healthcare teams, in a period of 8 months. Subjects consisted of mothers of infants under one year of age attended at primary healthcare units. 561 mothers before and 598 mothers after intervention were interviewed about breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. Multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson multilevel regression to test the hypothesis. Results Lack of minimum food diversity (before 62.9%; after 50.3%) and lack of food adequacy (before 77.5%; after 63.3%) decreased significantly. Regression analysis confirmed that infants after the intervention had lower prevalence of inadequacy of complementary feeding. While the intervention did not show significant association with exclusive breastfeeding, it showed association with the improvement of complementary feeding practices. Conclusions The Manual is a continuing educational strategy that improved complementary feeding practices in primary health care. Key messages The use of a continuing education strategy grounded on a problem-based learning methodology was effective to produce improvements in complementary feeding practices in primary health care. The 'Manual to Support EAAB Tutor' consists of a tool that has the potential to be adapted for different contexts and easy to disclose to all EAAB tutors in the country.

scholarly journals Complementary feeding practices and their association with adiposity indicators at 12 months of age

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ameyalli M. Rodríguez-Cano ◽  
Jennifer Mier-Cabrera ◽  
Carolina Rodríguez-Hernández ◽  
Ana L Allegre-Dávalos ◽  
Cinthya Muñoz-Manrique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Added Sugars

Abstract Nutrition during the first 1000 days of life represents a window of opportunity to reduce the risk of metabolic dysfunctions later in life. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and adequate introduction of solid foods are essential to promote metabolic and nutritional benefits. We evaluated the association of infant feeding practices from birth to 6 months (M) with adiposity indicators at 12 M. We performed a secondary analysis of 106 healthy term infants born from a cohort of healthy pregnant women. Type of breastfeeding (exclusive or nonexclusive), the start of complementary feeding (CF) (before (<4 M) or after (≥4 M)), and adiposity (body mass index – BMI, body mass index-for-age – BMI/A, waist circumference – WC, and waist circumference–length ratio – WLR) were evaluated at 12 M using descriptive statistics, mean differences, X2, and linear regression models. During the first 6 M, 28.3% (n = 30) of the infants received EBF. Early CF (<4 M) was present in 26.4% (n = 28) of the infants. Children who started CF < 4 M were less breastfed, received added sugars as the most frequently introduced food category, and showed higher BMI, BMI/A, WC, and WLR; those who consumed added sugars early (<4 M) had a higher WC. Starting CF < 4 M was the main factor associated with a higher WC at 12 M. Unhealthy infant feeding practices, such as lack of EBF, early CF, and early introduction of sugars, may be associated with higher adiposity at 12 M.

scholarly journals Infant feeding practices among nursing mothers at rural tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Srinivasa K. ◽  
Abhishek Patel ◽  
Ajay J. ◽  
Manjunath G. A.
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Timely Initiation

Background: Breastfeeding (BF) is nature’s way of providing nutrition required for healthy growth and development of the young infant. The early child growth needs healthy infant feeding practices including exclusive breastfeeding and timely complementary feeds. The present study was carried out to assess the pattern of infant feeding and its relation to certain care practices of maternity and the newborn, and to assess the knowledge of mothers, who had delivered in the last one year.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among 202 mothers in the pediatric and obstetrics department of tertiary care hospital. The mothers with children under the age of 1 year were interviewed following which descriptive statistics were obtained.Results: Out of 202 mothers, majority of the mothers were of age less than 30 years (79.7%) and were Hindus (74.2%). The majority were housewives (98.5%), illiterate (71.7%), multiparous (67.8%). Most of the mothers were belonged to a lower socioeconomic class (95.5%). About 17.8% babies had not received colostrum. Majority of the mothers had initiated breastfeeding (79.2%) within 24 hours of delivery. About 46.5% of the respondents were not aware of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. About 25% of the mothers started complementary feeding before the child was six months old. The most common type of complementary food given was semisolid (53.4%). About 14.1% of the mothers had started giving semi-solid foods before the baby was six months of age. A majority of the mothers had no advice on infant feeding.Conclusions: Knowledge regarding the timely initiation of breast feeding, advantages of exclusive breast feeding and proper weaning practice is less among the mothers of rural area. So, advice about breastfeeding and complementary feeding during antenatal check-ups, postnatal, and during Immunization visits might improve feeding practices. 

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