PROGRAM PERBAIKAN GIZI KURANG PADA BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SIDOMULYO KOTA PEKANBARU TAHUN 2020

Gizi kurang menjadi salah satu masalah gizi utama di Indonesia sehingga Pemerintah menekankan program perbaikan gizi dengan sasaran meningkatkan derajat kesehatan dan status gizi masyarakat. Puskesmas Sidomulyo merupakan wilayah dengan angka kejadian gizi kurang pada balita tertinggi di kota pekanbaru dengan jumlah 69 penderita. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif analitik yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran umum mengenai program perbaikan gizi kurang dengan metode wawancara mendalam dan observasi pada program perbaikan gizi kurang di Puskesmas Sidomulyo. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa pelaksanaan program perbaikan gizi kurang sudah berjalan, tetapi belum secara maksimal. Hal ini dipengaruhi kurangnya SDM dalam program perbaikan gizi kurang, menurunnya pemberian PMT, dan pelaksanaan pematauan gizi yang tidak merata. Kesimpulan dari penelitain ini diperoleh masih kurangnya SDM dalam program perbaikan gizi kurang yang mana menyebabkan pemamtauan status gizi dan pemberian PMT tidak merata. Saran dari peneliti ialah bahwa perlunya penambahan SDM dalam program perbaikan gizi kurang, meningkatkan pemberian PMT, dan pemantauan status gizi pada balita. Malnutrition is one of the main nutritional problems in Indonesia so that the Government emphasizes nutrition improvement programs with the aim of increasing the health status and nutritional status of the community. Puskesmas Sidomulyo is an area with the highest incidence of malnutrition in children under five in Pekanbaru city with a total of 69 patients. This research is qualitative analytic which aims to get an overview of the malnutrition improvement program using in-depth interviews and observations on malnutrition improvement programs at Puskesmas Sidomulyo. The result of this research is that the implementation of the malnutrition improvement program has been running, but not maximall. This is influenced by the SDM in the program to improve malnutrition, decreased provision of PMT, and implementation of uneven nutrition monitoring. The conclusion of this research is that there is still a SDM in the undernutrition improvement program which causes the monitoring of nutritional status and the provision of PMT to be uneven. Suggestions from researchers are the need for additional SDM in the program to improve malnutrition, increase PMT provision, and monitoring the nutritional status of children under five.

GourmetNet: Food Segmentation Using Multi-Scale Waterfall Features with Spatial and Channel Attention

We propose GourmetNet, a single-pass, end-to-end trainable network for food segmentation that achieves state-of-the-art performance. Food segmentation is an important problem as the first step for nutrition monitoring, food volume and calorie estimation. Our novel architecture incorporates both channel attention and spatial attention information in an expanded multi-scale feature representation using our advanced Waterfall Atrous Spatial Pooling module. GourmetNet refines the feature extraction process by merging features from multiple levels of the backbone through the two attention modules. The refined features are processed with the advanced multi-scale waterfall module that combines the benefits of cascade filtering and pyramid representations without requiring a separate decoder or post-processing. Our experiments on two food datasets show that GourmetNet significantly outperforms existing current state-of-the-art methods.

Hogy minden falat számítson: étrendi ajánlás az amerikaiaknak

Az 1980-ban megjelent első kiadás óta az Amerikaiaknak szóló étrendi ajánlások (Dietary Guidelines for Americans) tudományosan megalapozott tanácsokat adnak arra vonatkozóan, hogy mit kell enni és inni az egészség megőrzése, a krónikus betegségek kockázatának csökkentése és a tápanyagszükséglet kielégítése érdekében. Az étrendi ajánlások közzétételét az 1990. évi Nemzeti Táplálkozásfigyelő és Kapcsolódó Kutatási Törvény (National Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research Act) írja elő, amely kimondja, hogy az Egyesült Államok Mezőgazdasági Minisztériuma (U. S. Departments of Agriculture, USDA) és az Egészségügyi és Humán Szolgáltatások Minisztériuma (Health and Human Services, HHS) legalább öt évente közösen tegyen közzé egy jelentést, amely táplálkozási és étrendi információkat, ajánlásokat tartalmaz a lakosság számára. A törvény (Public Law 101-445, 7 United States Code 5341 et seq.) előírja, hogy az étrendi ajánlásoknak a jelenlegi tudományos és orvosi ismereteken kell alapulniuk. Az étrendi ajánlások 2020-2025-ös kiadása a 2015-ös kiadásra épül, a 2020-as étrendi ajánlások tanácsadó bizottságának tudományos jelentésén (Scientific Report of the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee) alapuló felülvizsgálatokkal, valamint a szövetségi ügynökségek és a lakossági észrevételek figyelembevételével.

Analysis of Risk Factors for the Incidence of Stunting in Toddlers

Stunting may have occurred since prenatal phases until the baby was 2 years old because of malnutrition. Children having stunting have a problem in growth and cognitive impairments. This study aims to analyze the risk factors of stunting among children under five in Empagae, Sidrap Regency. This correlational research study the correlation between posyandu visits, health workers' roles, and parenting on stunting. Technique sampling used was consecutive sampling with 52 respondents. The results showed that there was a moderate correlation between the health workers roles and stunting (p-value = 0.018; r = 0.33), strong correlation between parenting styles and stunting (p. -value = 0.000; r = 0.82), and moderate correlation between posyandu visits stunting (p-value = 0.002; r = 0.43). This research implies that mothers must fulfill nutrition to prevent stunting and be more active in posyandu activities to have nutrition monitoring. It is hoped that health workers have to control and monitor the nutritional status of toddlers, pregnant women, and mothers who have babies to prevent stunting.

Detection of Nutrient-Related SNP to Reveal Individual Malnutrition Risk

Malnutrition is a result of complicated reasons from diet and food behavior and also related to genetic background which has been revealed by studies in recent decades. Traditionally, nutrition status are measured and expressed with indexes of anthropometric, diet survey, clinical symptom, biochemistry, behavior, etc. These measurement has been used in national nutrition monitoring, clinic nutrition therapy, mother and children nutrition care, nutrition intervention projects, and scientific studies. However, genetic and epigenetic information on nutrition explain malnutrition in a genetic view that would supply additional new theory and methodology for the growing requirement in terms of personalized and precise nutrition. In this chapter, an introduction on the detection of nutrient-related SNP to reveal individual malnutrition risk is discussed.