Food consumption in Tunisian university students and its association with sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle behaviours

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Amalia Delicado-Soria ◽  
Ramón Serrano-Urrea ◽  
Faustino Cervera-Burriel ◽  
Thouraya Daouas ◽  
María-José García-Meseguer
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The University

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to characterise food consumption among students at the University of Carthage (Tunisia), assessing quality of diet and main dietary patterns, and their association with potential conditioning factors. Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants self-reported food consumption in two 24-h recalls and information about sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle characteristics such as BMI, birthplace, physical activity, eating places or kitchen appliances. Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and the Nutrient Rich Foods (NRF) index (NRF9.3) were used to assess diet quality. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to identify eating patterns. Linear regression models were used to test the association of dietary patterns with the diet quality markers. Setting: Students at the University of Carthage, Tunisia. Participants: 132 students Results: Almost 96 % of participants need shifts towards healthier food. Four main food patterns were identified ‘Traditional food’, ‘Transitional food’, ‘European breakfast’ and ‘Western food’. ‘Traditional food’ was the first dietary model, positively associated with MDS and NRF9.3. Women showed higher adherence to ‘European breakfast’ and higher quality of diet by NRF9.3. Students eating out of home showed higher adherence to ‘Western food’, those who never kept a regular schedule of meals consumed lower amount of vegetables and tubers, and sedentary or low active students had a higher intake of ready-to-eat products. Conclusions: Diet quality of the participating Tunisian students is inadequate, but traditional Mediterranean diet remains the main pattern in spite of the advanced transitional nutrition. Some lifestyle risk behaviours affecting quality of diet were identified in this work, which supports the youth’s particular vulnerability.

School meals consumption is associated with a better diet quality of Brazilian adolescents: results from the PeNSE 2015 survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Mirena Boklis-Berer ◽  
Fernanda Rauber ◽  
Catarina Machado Azeredo ◽  
Renata Bertazzi Levy ◽  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
School Meals ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National School ◽  
High Consumption

Abstract Objective: to assess the association between the consumption of school meals offered by the National School Feeding Program (PNAE, in the Portuguese acronym) and the diet quality of adolescents aged 11 to 19 years from Brazilian public schools Design: Cross-sectional Setting: Public schools in Brazil Participants: A sample of 12,260 adolescents aged 11 to 19 years from 2015 National School Health Survey. High consumption of PNAE school meals were considered when the adolescents consumed school meals five days per week. Food consumption data were obtained from a 7-day food frequency questionnaire and converted into three diet quality assessment scores, namely: (1) consumption of healthy foods, (2) consumption of unhealthy foods, and (3) overall diet quality. Crude and adjusted linear regression models were used to test the association between high consumption to school meals (daily consumption) and each diet quality score. Results: More than one-fifth of the adolescents (21.5%) reported high consumption of school meals. High consumption of school meals was directly associated with the score of the overall diet quality (adjusted coefficient = 0.18 95% CI: 0.07; 0.30) and healthy food consumption (adjusted coefficient = 0.42 95% IC: 0.26; 0.57), and inversely associated with the unhealthy food consumption score (adjusted coefficient = −0.23 95% IC: −0.35; −0.10). Conclusion: Our results showed that the consumption of PNAE meals may contribute to healthy eating promotion n in Brazil.

scholarly journals Comparison of The Sleep Status and Nutrition Habits of the Students in The First and Second Education of Trakya University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Sedef Duran ◽  
Ezgi Durmuşçelebi ◽  
Merve Yalçın ◽  
Gülşah Karmil ◽  
Asja Radonciq
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
The University

Aim: Sleep duration and quality affect the food consumption and weight gain; also food consumption affects the sleep. It was found that the university students have very serious problems in terms of nutrition and sleep patterns. The aim of this study is to investigate the sleep status and eating habits of the students in the first and secondary education of university. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with 130 students from first and 108 students from secondary education of the university. Height, weight, waist and hip measurements of each participant were taken. Demographic characteristics, habits, dietary behaviors and sleep patterns of the participants were evaluated. Results: It was determined that the students in the secondary education had a significantly higher rate of eating more at nights and skipped meals during the day. When all the participants were considered, there was a opposite and weak opposite correlation in the between the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Mediterranean Diet Quality Index scores. According to the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index, the ratio of those with very low dietary quality was 51.5% for the students in the first education and 61.1% for the students in the second education. Conclusion: It was found that, secondary education students eat more at night than first education students; they skip meals during the day and had a very low diet quality according to Mediterranean Diet Quality Index. In order to prevent these problems, regular sleep and nutrition training should be given to the students of secondary education.

scholarly journals Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain. Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 931-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lluís Serra-Majem ◽  
Lourdes Ribas ◽  
Joy Ngo ◽  
Rosa M Ortega ◽  
Alicia García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
Kidmed Index

AbstractObjective:To evaluate dietary habits in Spanish children and adolescents based on a Mediterranean Diet Quality Index tool, which considers certain principles sustaining and challenging traditional healthy Mediterranean dietary patterns.Design:Observational population-based cross-sectional study. A 16-item Mediterranean Diet Quality Index was included in data gathered for the EnKid study (in which two 24-hour recalls, a quantitative 169-item food-frequency questionnaire and a general questionnaire about socio-economic, demographic and lifestyle items were administered).Setting:Spain.Subjects:In total, 3850 children and youths aged 2–24 years residing in Spain.Results:Of the sample, 4.2% showed very low KIDMED index results, 49.4% had intermediate values and 46.4% had high index results. Important geographical differences were seen, with subjects from the Northeast showing the most favourable outcomes (52% with elevated scores vs. 37.5% of those from the North). Lower percentages of high diet quality were observed in low socio-economic groups, compared with middle and upper income cohorts (42.8%, 47.6% and 54.9%, respectively). Large cities had more positive results and only slight variations were seen for gender and age.Conclusions:The KIDMED index, the first to evaluate the adequacy of Mediterranean dietary patterns in children and youth, confirms that this collective is undergoing important changes, which makes them a priority target for nutrition interventions. Results challenge certain commonly perceived notions tied to income level, population size and diet quality.

Diet Quality of Canadian Preschool Children: Associations with Socio-demographic Characteristics

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Leme ◽  
Dabrowka Muszynski ◽  
Julia A. Mirotta ◽  
Nicholas Caroll ◽  
Jaimie L. Hogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Education Level ◽  
Food Records ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Purpose: To examine associations between preschoolers’ diet quality and parent and child socio-demographic variables. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis with 117 preschoolers. Parents reported socio-demographics and their children’s diet using 3-day food records. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015. Linear regression models were used to analyze associations between socio-demographics and HEI scores. Results: A total of 86% of children had an HEI-2015 score in the “needs improvement” category (51–80 out of a maximum of 100). Children’s overall HEI-2015 score was inversely associated with children’s age (β = −0.19, 95% CI −0.37, −0.02). Parental education was positively associated with children’s overall HEI score (β = 9.58, 95% CI 3.81, 15.35) and with scores for total fruit (β = 1.00, 95% CI 0.39, 1.76), vegetables (β = 1.11, 95% CI 0.03, 2.18), total protein (β = 1.06, 95% CI 0.28, 1.84), and seafood/plant protein (β = 1.67, 95% CI 0.43, 2.89) components. Children who identified as Caucasian (β = 4.29, 95% CI 2.46, 6.14), had a Caucasian parent (β = 3.01, 95% CI 0.78, 5.25), or parents who were born in Canada (β = 2.32, 95% CI 0.53, 4.11) had higher scores for dairy. Conclusion: Our results suggest that preschoolers’ diet quality needs improvement and that children’s diet quality varies by children’s age and parental education level.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns, Ceramide Ratios, and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: The Framingham Offspring Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (11) ◽  
pp. 2994-3004
Author(s):  
Maura E Walker ◽  
Vanessa Xanthakis ◽  
Linda R Peterson ◽  
Meredith S Duncan ◽  
Joowon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Long Chain

ABSTRACT Background Prior evidence suggests that diet modifies the association of blood ceramides with the risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). It remains unknown if diet quality modifies the association of very long-chain-to-long-chain ceramide ratios with mortality in the community. Objectives Our objectives were to determine how healthy dietary patterns associate with blood ceramide concentrations and to examine if healthy dietary patterns modify associations of ceramide ratios (C22:0/C16:0 and C24:0/C16:0) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Methods We examined 2157 participants of the Framingham Offspring Study (mean age = 66 y, 55% women). Blood ceramides were quantified using a validated assay. We evaluated prospective associations of the Dietary Guidelines Adherence Index (DGAI) and Mediterranean-style Diet Score (MDS) with incidence of all-cause and cause-specific mortality using Cox proportional hazards models. Cross-sectional associations of the DGAI and MDS with ceramides were evaluated using multivariable linear regression models. Results The C22:0/C16:0 and C24:0/C16:0 ceramide ratios were inversely associated with all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality; multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) were 0.73 (0.67, 0.80) and 0.70 (0.63, 0.77) for all-cause mortality, 0.74 (0.60, 0.90) and 0.69 (0.55, 0.86) for CVD mortality, and 0.75 (0.65, 0.87) and 0.75 (0.64, 0.88) for cancer mortality, respectively. Inverse associations of the C22:0/C16:0 and C24:0/C16:0 ceramide ratios with cancer mortality were attenuated among individuals with a higher diet quality (DGAI or MDS above the median, all P-interaction ≤0.1). The DGAI and MDS had distinct associations with ceramide ratios (DGAI: lower C22:0/C16:0 across quartiles; MDS: higher C24:0/C16:0 across quartiles; all P-trend ≤0.01). Conclusion In our community-based sample, ceramide ratios (C22:0/C16:0 and C24:0/C16:0) were associated with a lower risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Further, we observed that a higher overall diet quality attenuates the association between blood ceramide ratios and cancer mortality and that dietary patterns have distinct relations with ceramide ratios.

Homocysteine Levels Show Significant Differences among Mediterranean Dietary Quality Index Variables Compared to Folate and Vitamin B12 Status in Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivona Višekruna ◽  
Ivana Rumbak ◽  
Ivana Rumora Samarin ◽  
Irena Keser ◽  
Jasmina Ranilović
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Diet ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract. Results of epidemiologic studies and clinical trials have shown that subjects following the Mediterranean diet had lower inflammatory markers such as homocysteine (Hcy). Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess female diet quality with the Mediterranean diet quality index (MDQI) and to determine the correlation between MDQI, homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 levels in the blood. The study participants were 237 apparently healthy women (96 of reproductive age and 141 postmenopausal) between 25 and 93 years. For each participant, 24-hour dietary recalls for 3 days were collected, MDQI was calculated, and plasma Hcy, serum and erythrocyte folate and vitamin B12 levels were analysed. Total MDQI ranged from 8 to 10 points, which represented a medium-poor diet for the subjects. The strength of correlation using biomarkers, regardless of group type, age, gender and other measured parameters, was ranked from best (0.11) to worst (0.52) for olive oil, fish, fruits and vegetables, grains, and meat, in this order. Hcy levels showed the best response among all markers across all groups and food types. Our study shows significant differences between variables of the MDQI and Hcy levels compared to levels of folate and vitamin B12 in participants with medium-poor diet quality, as evaluated according to MDQI scores.

Comparison of diet quality of US adults based on primary motivation for following a vegetarian diet: A cross-sectional online study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Torna ◽  
Elena Smith ◽  
Meagan Lamothe ◽  
Dr. Bobbi Langkamp-Henken ◽  
Dr. Jeanette M Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Motivation ◽  
Online Study

scholarly journals Mediterranean Diet and Healthy Eating in Subjects with Prediabetes from the Mollerussa Prospective Observational Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Mireia Falguera ◽  
Esmeralda Castelblanco ◽  
Marina Idalia Rojo-López ◽  
Maria Belén Vilanova ◽  
Jordi Real ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Multivariable Analyses

We aimed to assess differences in dietary patterns (i.e., Mediterranean diet and healthy eating indexes) between participants with prediabetes and those with normal glucose tolerance. Secondarily, we analyzed factors related to prediabetes and dietary patterns. This was a cross-sectional study design. From a sample of 594 participants recruited in the Mollerussa study cohort, a total of 535 participants (216 with prediabetes and 319 with normal glucose tolerance) were included. The alternate Mediterranean Diet score (aMED) and the alternate Healthy Eating Index (aHEI) were calculated. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were performed. There was no difference in the mean aMED and aHEI scores between groups (3.2 (1.8) in the normoglycemic group and 3.4 (1.8) in the prediabetes group, p = 0.164 for the aMED and 38.6 (7.3) in the normoglycemic group and 38.7 (6.7) in the prediabetes group, p = 0.877 for the aHEI, respectively). Nevertheless, women had a higher mean of aMED and aHEI scores in the prediabetes group (3.7 (1.9), p = 0.001 and 40.5 (6.9), p < 0.001, respectively); moreover, they had a higher mean of aHEI in the group with normoglycemia (39.8 (6.6); p = 0.001). No differences were observed in daily food intake between both study groups; consistent with this finding, we did not find major differences in nutrient intake between groups. In the multivariable analyses, the aMED and aHEI were not associated with prediabetes (odds ratio (OR): 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75–1.87; p = 0.460 and OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 0.83–2.10; p = 0.246, respectively); however, age (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.05; p < 0.001), dyslipidemia (OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.27–3.22; p = 0.003) and body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05–1.14; p < 0.001) were positively associated with prediabetes. Physical activity was associated with a lower frequency of prediabetes (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.31–0.72; p = 0.001). In conclusion, subjects with prediabetes did not show a different dietary pattern compared with a normal glucose tolerance group. However, further research is needed on this issue.

scholarly journals Adherence to Mediterranean Diet among Lebanese University Students

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Joanne Karam ◽  
Maria del Mar Bibiloni ◽  
Mireille Serhan ◽  
Josep A. Tur
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Older Students ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adherence Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University

Scarce studies described eating habits and diet quality among university students in Lebanon. The aim of this study is to assess the rate of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) among Lebanese university students. A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out on 525 students (53% men, 18–25 years old) from the University of Balamand, Lebanon. Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed using a validated 14-item MedDiet adherence score. Mean adherence to the MedDiet was 7.96 (standard deviation 2.2), and it was adequate in 59% of participants. Adherence to the MedDiet was higher in older students and nonsmokers. Legumes, vegetables, fruits, and nuts were consumed according to the MedDiet standards among a minimum of 48.4% and a maximum of 69.5% of participants. Chicken, turkey, or rabbit was preferred by 66.9% of participants instead of beef, pork, hamburgers, or sausages; however, just 56.2% of participants showed adequate intake of red meat, hamburger, or meat products. Only 28.8% of them referred to an adequate intake of fish or shellfish. Most of the participants (86.3%) used olive oil as the main added fat, and 67.2% reported a low intake of butter and derivatives. Sofrito was also very usual among participants (79.6%). Only half of the studied sample reported an adequate intake of sweet or carbonated beverages and commercial sweets or pastries. Among the assessed sample, half the participants showed adequate adherence to the MedDiet; however, the mean of adherence among the sample is low.

scholarly journals Effect of ultraprocessed food intake on cardiometabolic risk is mediated by diet quality: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjnph-2020-000225
Author(s):  
Jennifer Griffin ◽  
Anwar Albaloul ◽  
Alexandra Kopytek ◽  
Paul Elliott ◽  
Gary Frost
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Cohort

ObjectiveTo examine the effect of the consumption of ultraprocessed food on diet quality, and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in an occupational cohort.DesignCross-sectional.SettingOccupational cohort.Participants53 163 British police force employees enrolled (2004–2012) into the Airwave Health Monitoring Study. A total of 28 forces across the UK agreed to participate. 9009 participants with available 7-day diet record data and complete co-variate data are reported in this study.Main outcome measuresA CMR and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score were treated as continuous variables and used to generate measures of cardiometabolic health and diet quality. Secondary outcome measures include percentage of energy from fat, saturated fat, carbohydrate, protein and non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) and fibre grams per 1000 kcal of energy intake.ResultsIn this cohort, 58.3%±11.6 of total energy intake was derived from ultraprocessed (NOVA 4) foods. Ultraprocessed food intake was negatively correlated with diet quality (r=−0.32, p<0.001), fibre (r=−0.20, p<0.001) and protein (r = −0.40, p<0.001) and positively correlated with fat (r=0.18, p<0.001), saturated fat (r=0.14, p<0.001) and nmes (r=0.10, p<0.001) intake . Multivariable analysis suggests a positive association between ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) consumption and CMR. However, this main effect was no longer observed after adjustment for diet quality (p=0.209). Findings from mediation analysis indicate that the effect of ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) intake on CMR is mediated by diet quality (p<0.001).ConclusionsUltraprocessed food consumption is associated with a deterioration in diet quality and positively associated with CMR, although this association is mediated by and dependent on the quality of the diet. The negative impact of ultraprocessed food consumption on diet quality needs to be addressed and controlled studies are needed to fully comprehend whether the relationship between ultraprocessed food consumption and health is independent to its relationship with poor diet quality.

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