Histological and Histometrical Study of the Protective Role ofα-Tocopherol against Sodium Arsenite Toxicity in Rat Ovaries

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Ghandi Zadeh Dezfouli ◽  
Samira Eissazadeh ◽  
Sayed Mohammad Ali Shariat Zade
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThis study examines histometrical changes induced by sodium arsenite (SA), as an environmental pollutant, and investigates the protective effect ofα-tocopherol on ovaries of SA-treated rats during the prenatal stage until sexual maturity. Rats were classified into groups: control, SA (8 ppm/day),α-tocopherol (100 ppm/day), and SA+α-tocopherol. Treatment was performed from pregnancy until maturation when the rats and ovaries were weighed. The Cavalieri method was used to estimate volume of the ovaries, cortex, medulla, and corpus luteum. The mean diameter of oocytes, granulosa cells, and nuclei were measured and volume was estimated using the Nucleator method. The number of oocytes and thickness of the zona pellucida (ZP) were determined using an optical dissector and orthogonal intercept method, respectively. SA reduced the body and ovary weight, the number of secondary, antral and Graafian oocytes, volume of the ovaries, cortex, medulla and corpus luteum, mean diameter and volume of oocytes in primordial and primary follicles, mean diameter and volume of oocyte nuclei in all types of follicles, and mean thickness of the ZP in secondary and antral follicles. Also, the mean diameter and volume of granulosa cells and their nuclei in antral and Graafian follicles decreased significantly. Vacuolization and vascular congestion in the corpus luteum and an increase in the number of atretic oocytes were seen in the SA group. Most of these parameters were unchanged from the control level in the SA+α-tocopherol group. It was concluded thatα-tocopherol supplementation reduced the toxic effects of SA exposure on ovarian tissue in rats.

scholarly journals Ovarian tissue freezing and activation after thawing: an update

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-fan Peng
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
The Body ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Ovarian Tissue Cryopreservation ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Tissue Cryopreservation

Abstract Background With the growth of women’s age, ovarian failure can be caused by various factors. For the women who need chemotherapy because of cancer factors, the preservation of fertility is more urgent. The treatment of cancer is also a process in which all tissues and organs of the body are severely damaged, especially in the reproductive system. Main body As a new fertility preservation technology, autologous ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation is developing rapidly and showing great potentiality in preserving ovarian endocrine function of young cervical cancer patients. Vitrification and slow freezing are two common techniques applied for ovarian tissue cryopreservation. Thus, cryopreserved/thawed ovarian tissue and transplantation act as an important method to preserve ovarian function during radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and ovarian cryopreservation by vitrification is a very effective and extensively used method to cryopreserve ovaries. The morphology of oocytes and granulosa cells and the structure of organelles were observed under the microscope of histology; the hormone content in the stratified culture medium of granulosa cells with the diameter of follicle was used to evaluate the development potential of ovarian tissue, and finally the ovarian tissue stimulation was determined by the technique of ovarian tissue transplantation. Conclusions Although there are some limitations, the team members still carry out this review to provide some references and suggestions for clinical decision-making and further clinical research.

scholarly journals Trichodina magna Van As and Basson, 1989 (Ciliophora: Peritrichia) from cultured Nile tilapia in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML. Martins ◽  
L. Ghiraldelli
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Original Description ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fish Ponds ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean

Specimens of Trichodina magna Van As and Bassson, 1989 (Ciliophora: Peritrichia) from the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus collected from October 2004 to June 2005 in fish ponds situated in three regions of Santa Catarina State, Brazil are described here. Wet smears of skin and gills were prepared in the field, air dried, impregnated with Klein’s dry silver method and Giemsa’s solution. From a total of 146 examined fish, 36 were parasitized on the skin, 14 in the gills and 33 on the skin and gills, simultaneously. The mean diameter of the body of the specimens of T. magna was 84.3 ± 12.6 µm, adhesive disc 60.7 ± 10.0 µm, denticulate ring, 38.3 ± 7.4 µm, consisting of 26 (23 to 29) denticles. The only distinguishable difference from the original description was the fact that the ray of the denticle is anteriorly directed and does not extend over the y + 1 axis.

Some ectoparasitic trichodinids from Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L., with a description of Trichodina cooperi n.sp.

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1793-1800 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Poynton ◽  
J. Lom
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean

Trichodina murmanica Polyanskiy, 1955 (= Trichodina domerguei subsp. saintjohnsi Lom and Laird, 1969) and Trichodina cooperi n.sp. were commonly encountered on skin and fins of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L., near Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. A third species of Trichodina, probably new, was recorded from the skin of one fish. This is believed to be the first report of the genus Trichodina from the body surface of gadoid fish from eastern Canada, and the known geographic range of T. murmanica is extended. Trichodina cooperi n.sp. has an adoral ciliary spiral of 370–380° and is relatively large, the mean diameter of the body is 110 μm, of the adhesive disc (with dark center), 95 μm, and of the denticulate ring, 59 μm. The denticulate ring consists of 24–29 denticles (usually 27), with 7–9 radial pins per denticle. Each denticle has a broad blade, a large central part, and a slightly curved thorn of moderate to broad width, with a central rib when mature. The thorn is approximately twice the length of the blade. The horseshoe-shaped macronucleus has a diameter of 80.0 μm and the micronucleus is in the +y position. Trichodina spp. infected 26% of 39 wild fish 20 to < 60 cm long. Most wild fish yielded less than five ciliates per 24 × 50 mm smear.

Size distribution of steroidogenic and non-steroidogenic ovine luteal cells throughout pregnancy

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ş. Arikan ◽  
A. A. Yigit
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Luteal Cells ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Steroidogenic Cells

AbstractThe present study examines the size distribution of ovine steroidogenic and non-steroidogenic luteal cells throughout pregnancy. Cells were isolated from corpora lutea collected from early (< 8 weeks), mid (9 to 14 weeks) or late (15 to 18 weeks) stages of pregnancy. Cells were stained for 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) activity, a marker for steroidogenic cells. Both 3β-HSD positive and β-HSD negative cells covered a wide spectrum of size ranging from 7 to 37 μm in diameter. There was a significant increase (P > 0·01) in mean diameter of non-steroidogenic luteal cells as pregnancy progressed. Mean diameter of 3β-HSD negative cells increased from 17·8 (s.e. 0·4) μm in the corpus luteum of early stage of pregnancy to 22·4 (s.e. 0·3) μm in the corpus luteum of advanced pregnancy. However, there was no significant increase in the mean diameter of 3β-HSD positive cells. Corpora lutea obtained from early stages of the pregnancy contained more steroidogenic cells than the cells obtained from mid and late pregnancy (P < 0·01). Percentage of 3β-HSD negative cells had increased 2·07-fold by 18 weeks of pregnancy when compared with the early stage of pregnancy. In contrast, percentage of 3β-HSD positive cells had decreased to 50% of starting values during the same period (P < 0·05). These results indicate that the ovine corpus luteum of pregnancy is morphologically dynamic over the course of pregnancy. Steroidogenic activity of luteal cells may decrease as pregnancy progresses, especially activity of the large luteal cells.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Gulinggang (Cassia alata Linn) sebagai Bahan Antijamur pada Produk Sabun Mandi (Utilization of Ethanol Extract of Gulinggang (Cassia alata Linn) Leaves as Antifungal in Body Soap Bar)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Nurmilatina Nurmilatina ◽  
I Dewa Gede Putra Prabawa
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fungal Resistance ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Cassia Alata ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Antifungal Substances ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Organoleptic Parameters

Gulinggang (Cassia alata Linn) leaves extract has secondary metabolite compounds such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenolic, triterpenoids, quercetin and steroids. These compounds are very useful, for example as an antifungal substances. The objective of this study is to utilize gulinggang leaves extract to produce antifungal bath soap. Gulinggang leaves were extracted by maceration method using ethanol solvent ratio 1:4 for 3 days. This extract was applied to the soap base formula using variations 0%, 5%, 10% and 20%. The organoleptic parameters of the body soap bar, such as aroma, texture, color, total panelist acceptance, and also the pH were tested. The inhibitory test was performed using Candida albicans fungus. The results showed that 5% of gulinggang leaves extract on soap gave the best result with organoleptic value 3.70; pH 9.76 and the mean diameter of the fungal resistance was 15.00 mm.Keywords: antifungal, Candida albicans, Cassia alata Linn, extraction, ethanol

scholarly journals Resveratrol attenuates malathion-induced liver damage by reducing oxidative stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 212-219
Author(s):  
Cyrus Jalili ◽  
Mohammad Hosein Farzaei ◽  
Shiva Roshankhah ◽  
Mohammad Reza Salahshoor
Keyword(s):  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide ◽  
Nitrite Oxide ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean

Abstract BACKGROUND: Malathion is an organophosphate insecticide which disrupts the antioxidant system of the body. Resveratrol is a phytoestrogen and antioxidant of the red grape. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of resveratrol against toxic effects of malathion to the liver of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 48 male rats were randomly assigned to 8 groups: control normal (saline) and malathion control-treated groups (50 mg/kg), resveratrol groups (2, 8, and 20 mg/kg), and malathion + resveratrol-treated groups (2, 8, and 20 mg/kg). Treatments were administered intraperitoneally daily for 14 days. Griess technique was assessed for determined serum nitrite oxide level. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase concentrations were determined for liver functional disturbances. In addition, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, antioxidant capacity, the diameter of hepatocytes, and the central hepatic vein (CHV) were investigated. RESULTS: Malathion administration significantly improved liver malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite oxide level, the mean diameter of CHV and hepatocyte, and liver enzymes and decreased tissue ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) level compared to the normal control group (P < 0.01). The resveratrol and resveratrol + malathion treatments at all doses significantly reduced the mean diameter of hepatocyte and CHV, liver enzymes, kidney MDA, and nitrite oxide levels and increased tissue FRAP level compared to the malathion control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: It seems that resveratrol administration improved liver injury induced by malathion in rats.

Immunocytochemical demonstration of oxytocin in bovine ovarian tissues

1985 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. A. M. Kruip ◽  
H. G. B. Vullings ◽  
D. Schams ◽  
J. Jonis ◽  
A. Klarenbeek
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Picric Acid ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Luteal Cells ◽  
Antral Follicles

Abstract. The presence of oxytocin in ovarian tissue was examined immunocytochemically. Bovine antral follicles and corpora lutea were fixed with glutaraldehyde, picric acid and acetic acid fixative and immuno-stained by the indirect peroxidase-antiperoxydase (PAP) technique. Immunoreactive oxytocin was demonstrated in the granulosa cells of small and large follicles, in the granulosalutein cells of the young corpus luteum and in the large luteal cells of the mature corpus luteum. The regressing corpus luteum was not stainable. It is discussed that these findings additionally support the view that oxytocin is actually synthesized in ovarian tissues.

Trichodina algonquinensis, a new species of peritrich ciliate from Ontario freshwater fish, and observations on its transmission

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1159-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianxiang Li ◽  
Sherwin S. Desser
Keyword(s):  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Semotilus Atromaculatus ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Golden Shiners ◽  
Creek Chub ◽  
A New Species

Trichodina algonquinensis n. sp. is described from the urinary bladder and ureters of the perch (Perca flavescens) and the common shiner (Notropis cornutus) from Lake Sasajewun, Algonquin Park, Ontario. The ciliate is hat shaped, flattened, and ellipsoidal in lateral view. The mean diameter of the oral portion of the body is 88.4 μm (58.5–123.5 μm; n = 21) and of the adhesive disc, 54.9 μm (42.9–57.2 μm; n = 30). It has 38 (35–42; n = 17) denticles, a horseshoe-shaped macronucleus, a round to ovoid micronucleus situated near the end of one arm of the macronucleus, and the oral groove spiral is 540°. Experiments indicate that in aquaria the ciliate is readily transmitted from perch to common shiners and golden shiners (Notemigonus crysoleucas) but not to creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus).

Hairiness in wool and a method for selection based on the nature of the fibres and the distribution of halo hairs of the lamb's tail

1957 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Labban
Keyword(s):  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Different Parts

Hairiness in wool of Suffolk sheep as a fault was found to be associated with other defects like coarseness of wool fibres, hairiness of the britch, and the occurrence of pigmented fibres. The presence of these various defects was studied in the lamb's tail at docking time, and subsequently evaluated and correlated with the fleece.The tails were graded according to the nature of the fibres and the spread of halo hairs from the tip to the base into four principal grades which by further subgrading could be made into seven grades. The results were as follows:(1) There was wide variability in grades of tails within each flock.(2) Average grade of tails followed in general the mean quality of the adult fleece.(3) When Border Leicester were crossed with Welsh Mountain the tails of the two reciprocal crosses were found to be of hairy type of tail and nearly like the Welsh Mountain type.(4) The percentage of coloured tails in the least hairy grades was found to be inversely related to the quality of the tail grade and indirectly to the fleece quality.(5) The diameter of the wool fibres on the base of the tail is highly correlated with the diameter of fibres from the britch regions or mean fibre diameter from four regions of the body (mid-shoulder, midside, hip and britch).(6) The mean diameter of the wool fibres obtained from four different parts of the tail was correlated with those of the britch regions only.(7) The diameter and variability of fibres increased from shoulder to britch in the body and from base to tip in the tails.(8) The britch and tails of two groups of sheep, one group characterized by coarse and the other by fine britch and tail wool, were studied histologically. There were significant or highly significant differences in the following characteristics in the britch of the two groups: (a) total number of follicles, (b) primary follicles with no medulla, (c) total number of secondary follicles, (d) secondaries with no medulla, (e) secondaries with large medulla. The only type of follicle where a significant difference was found in the tail was in the number of secondary follicles with no medulla.

PROGESTERONE IN THE HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD IN THE PREOVULATORY PERIOD OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1967 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benno Runnebaum ◽  
Josef Zander
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Graafian Follicle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

ABSTRACT Progesterone was determined and identified in human peripheral blood during the preovulatory period of the menstrual cycle, by combined isotope derivative and recrystallization analysis. The mean concentration of progesterone in 1.095 ml of plasma obtained 9 days before ovulation was 0.084 μg/100 ml. However, the mean concentration of progesterone in 1.122 ml of plasma obtained 4 days before ovulation was 0.279 μg/100 ml. These data demonstrate a source of progesterone secretion other than the corpus luteum. The higher plasma-progesterone concentration 4 days before ovulation may indicate progesterone secretion of the ripening Graafian follicle of the ovary.

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