scholarly journals Rethinking palliative care in a public health context: addressing the needs of persons with non-communicable chronic diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chariklia Tziraki ◽  
Corrina Grimes ◽  
Filipa Ventura ◽  
Rónán O’Caoimh ◽  
Silvina Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Quality Life ◽  
Demographic Aging

Abstract Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCDs) are the main cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Demographic aging has resulted in older populations with more complex healthcare needs. This necessitates a multilevel rethinking of healthcare policies, health education and community support systems with digitalization of technologies playing a central role. The European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Aging (A3) working group focuses on well-being for older adults, with an emphasis on quality of life and healthy aging. A subgroup of A3, including multidisciplinary stakeholders in health care across Europe, focuses on the palliative care (PC) model as a paradigm to be modified to meet the needs of older persons with NCCDs. This development paper delineates the key parameters we identified as critical in creating a public health model of PC directed to the needs of persons with NCCDs. This paradigm shift should affect horizontal components of public health models. Furthermore, our model includes vertical components often neglected, such as nutrition, resilience, well-being and leisure activities. The main enablers identified are information and communication technologies, education and training programs, communities of compassion, twinning activities, promoting research and increasing awareness amongst policymakers. We also identified key ‘bottlenecks’: inequity of access, insufficient research, inadequate development of advance care planning and a lack of co-creation of relevant technologies and shared decision-making. Rethinking PC within a public health context must focus on developing policies, training and technologies to enhance person-centered quality life for those with NCCD, while ensuring that they and those important to them experience death with dignity.

scholarly journals Palliative Curriculum Re-imagined: A Critical Evaluation of the UK Palliative Medicine Syllabus

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117822421878037
Author(s):  
Julian Abel ◽  
Allan Kellehear
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Palliative Medicine ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Disease Models ◽  
Care Policy ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Illness And Disease

The UK Palliative Medicine Syllabus is critically evaluated to assess its relationship and relevance to contemporary palliative care policy and direction. Three criteria are employed for this review: (1) relevance to non-cancer dying, ageing, caregivers, and bereaved populations; (2) uptake and adoption of well-being models of public health alongside traditional illness and disease models of clinical understanding; and (3) uptake and integration of public health insights and methodologies for social support. We conclude that the current syllabus falls dramatically short on all 3 criteria. Suggestions are made for future consultation and revision.

scholarly journals Palliative Care in Turkish Medical History

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alparslan Koç
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Quality Life ◽  
Medicine Today ◽  
The Moment

From the moment that human beings begin perceiving the value of life, they have also started to strive for the continuation of life. It would not be wrong to divide Turkish societies into three parts as sociological history. Turkish social life before Islam, the differences in the social structure with Islam, and Europe's social structure with the westernization influx with the end of the 19th century can be examined. Health system and patient care was also greatly affected by these processes. Health care, which was carried on with Shamanism and Herbalism in the old Turkish states and continued with bimarhanes and darüssifas, and health professionals have been mobilized to serve the society with the opportunities of modern medicine today. Acute and chronic diseases that occur with the continuation of life make it difficult to lead a quality life. This process can sometimes be painful. Palliative care is also useful in chronic diseases whose mortality has decreased with successful treatment methods recently applied, but which impairs the quality of life due to the disease. Thus, this process, which puts the patient's relatives psychologically, socially, and financially difficult, and the patient, can be managed more easily. Although it started with reducing and caring for cancer patients' pain, palliative care has now become a necessity in all areas of clinical practice. Our aim in this review is to examine the development process of the concept of palliative care in Turkish medical history.

scholarly journals From End Treatment to Source Prevention: Socio-Ecological Approaches to Promote Research on the Environment and Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases with Special Reference to China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1900
Author(s):  
Xi-Zhang Shan ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Kun Lai
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Interventions ◽  
Integrative Research ◽  
Critical Public Health ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Effective Source

Globally, the pandemic of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) has become a critical public health problem. Although NCD prevention has been shifting from individual behavioral interventions to broad environmental interventions, it is still necessary to promote research on the environment and NCDs as a whole. Therefore, this conceptual paper aimed to develop a general and novel framework to advance this line of research. The framework uses socio-ecological approaches that emphasize source prevention rather than the end treatment. Specifically, this framework comprehensively covered integrative research approaches, prioritized areas, urgent efforts, innovative methodologies, and improved funding. The framework used China as a typical context, where its public health policies, similar to other nations, still focus on the end treatment of NCDs, placing emphasis on biomedical approaches and technologies. China’s relevant efforts may furnish new insights and approaches concerning NCD prevention, and these efforts may benefit the improvement of global health and well-being. Such social-ecological research efforts can help to accelerate a shift from existing individual interventions to environmental interventions, thereby ultimately achieving the effective source prevention of NCDs in China and around the globe.

Cognitive Neurology: Integrative Approaches to Prevent and Manage Cognitive Impairment and Dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-140
Author(s):  
Nancy Isenberg
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
The Common

This chapter reviews the increasing prevalence and public health impact of dementia for individuals, families, and societies globally. It discusses the common lifestyle and environmental risk factors of cerebrovascular disease and neurodegeneration and their role in brain health and dementia. It also reviews the spectrum of cognitive impairment and new diagnostic criteria of dementia within the context of a lifespan model of healthy aging. It describes the main findings from observational studies on risk and neuroprotective factors for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease and summarizes the current knowledge of mindset, lifestyle, and mind/body interventions for risk reduction, prevention, and management of dementia, and the promotion of resilience and well-being in aging. This chapter is written for neurologists, psychiatrists, geriatricians, and integrative clinicians.

scholarly journals Representations of Free-Living and Unrestrained Dogs as an Emerging Public Health Issue in Australian Newspapers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5807
Author(s):  
Chris Degeling ◽  
Julie Hall ◽  
Lily M. van Eeden ◽  
Summer M. Finlay ◽  
Suk Maya Gurung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Risks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

That dogs can live and breed as free-living animals contributes to public health risks including zoonotic transmission, dog bites, and compromising people’s sense of safety in public spaces. In Australia, free-living dog populations are comprised of domestic dogs, dingoes, and dog–dingo hybrids, and are described using various terms (for example, stray or community), depending on social or geographic context. Urban expansion and regional migration mean that risks associated with contact between humans and free-living dogs are increasing. Public health authorities, local governments, and community organisations have called for transdisciplinary partnerships to address dog-related health risks with a sustainable long-term approach. Values pluralism and a lack of sustained community engagement in affected areas have meant that the outcome of such efforts to date has been mixed. To identify ideas in public circulation about the impact of unrestrained and free-living dogs on human health and well-being, and understand the framework through which these animals are problematised and solutions are proposed in public discourse, we systematically examined coverage of these issues in print media. Our analyses indicate that reporting in Australian newspapers tends to frame the public health impacts of free-living dogs as problems of public order requiring direct government action to re-establish control. The public health impacts of free-living dog populations in Australia have complex causes that intersect at the nexus between human and canine behaviour, agricultural and land management practices, local bylaws, and efforts to conserve ecological systems. Placing responsibility on governments limits opportunities for greater community involvement in developing integrated One Health approaches. Better-quality evidence of the impacts of dog populations on community health and well-being, and broad community support are needed to reshape public debates on animal control, which, ultimately, will promote more effective approaches to mitigate dog-related public health risks at the human–animal–environment interface.

scholarly journals Promoting Health Equity Through Partnerships

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 252-252
Author(s):  
Karon Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
Public Health Departments ◽  
State And Local

Abstract Funded by The John A. Hartford Foundation, Trust for America’s Health’s (TFAH) Healthy Aging initiative has supported states as they develop Age-Friendly Public Health Systems (AFPHS). The goal of this national initiative is to make healthy aging a core function of state and local public health departments. Through this initiative, TFAH is working directly with states as they work to improve the health of older adults, with a particular focus on health equity. Given the increased prevalence of health disparities, prioritizing health equity has become important for many organizations. Through new partnerships and collaboration with aging services providers and health care systems, public health departments have developed innovative ways to improve the health and well-being of older adults from racial/ethnically diverse backgrounds. Areas of collaboration between the public health and aging sectors include sharing data on older adult health and working together to address social isolation.

scholarly journals Palliative care for young adults with life-limiting conditions: public health recommendations

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2019-002042
Author(s):  
Karen A Cook ◽  
Kim Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Concept Maps ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Developmental Needs ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Group Concept

ObjectiveTo engage young adults (18–35 years of age) with life-limiting neuromuscular conditions, their parents, and health and community providers in the development of a public health approach to palliative care. A public health approach protects and improves health and wellness, maximises the quality of life when health cannot be restored and improves the quality, scope and accessibility of age-appropriate care and services.MethodsGroup concept mapping (GCM) was used to determine the most important priorities for these young adults. GCM involves three district phases: (1) brainstorming ideas, (2) sorting and rating ideas based on level of importance and (3) analysing and interpreting concepts maps. Online software was used to collect information for phases 1 and 2 and develop concept maps. In phase 3, a face-to-face workshop, participants analysed and interpreted the concept maps. The combination of online and face-to-face research activities offered the needed flexibility for participants to determine when and how to participate in this research.ResultsThrough this three-phase patient engagement strategy, participants generated 64 recommendations for change and determined that improvements to programming, improvements to funding and creating a continuum of care were their most important priorities. Five subthemes of these three priorities and development of the concept map are also discussed.ConclusionThis research demonstrates the unique perspectives and experiences of these young adults and offers recommendations to improve services to enhance their health and well-being. Further, these young adults were integral in the development of recommendations for system changes to match their unique developmental needs.

scholarly journals ICT Framework to Support a Patient-Centric approach in Public Healthcare: A Case Study of Malawi (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Pankomera ◽  
Darelle Van Greunen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Patient Centric

BACKGROUND Although Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the healthcare sector are extensively deployed globally, they are not used effectively in developing countries. Many resource poor countries face numerous challenges in implementing the ICT interventions. For instance, many health applications that have been deployed are not user-centric. As a result, such ICT interventions do not benefit many health consumers. The lack of an ICT framework to support patient-centric healthcare services in Malawi renders the e-health and mhealth interventions less sustainable and less cost effective. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was therefore to develop an ICT Framework that could support patient-centric healthcare services in the public health sector in Malawi. This framework is therefore proposed to ensure that eHealth and mobile health interventions are more sustainable and cost effective. METHODS The comprehensive literature review and semi-structured interviews highlighted many challenges underlying ICT development in Malawi. The framework was validated by five experts selected from different areas of expertise including electronic health application developers, ICT policy makers and public health practitioners. RESULTS The evaluation from the experts shows that the framework is relevant and useful in the healthcare public sector in Malawi CONCLUSIONS The ICT framework can therefore facilitate the provision of patient-centric healthcare services in Malawi. The patient-centric healthcare model empowers the patient to take ownership of their health and their well-being rendering the provision of healthcare services more cost effective. Furthermore, it is envisaged that this framework can also be implemented in various countries with similar settings.

scholarly journals Music therapy in palliative care

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare O’Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Symptom Management ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Creative Music ◽  
Quality Life ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Song Writing

Music therapists are university-trained professionals who invite palliative care patients, and their significant family members and friends, to explore how creative music-based experiences in therapeutic relationships can address biopsychosocial needs and enhance spiritual well-being. The chapter illustrates how music therapists can extend music’s power to help patients across the lifespan live a quality life and support their families. Patients often choose familiar music to listen to, sing, or play that elicits people, places, emotions, and thoughts that they want to connect with. Through music therapy song writing and improvisation, patients and families creatively explore their ‘playful’ musical and unique selves, and potentially experience helpful new awareness, wonder, pride, and accomplishment. Patients’ song composition legacies can also support the bereaved. Music therapists offer guided music and relaxation or imagery interventions, to soothe and help with symptom management. Extensive quantitative and qualitative research informing music therapy is also outlined and music-based care suggestions are provided for when music therapists are not available.

scholarly journals Personalized action plans for patients with multiple chronic diseases in Andalusia

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Carriazo ◽  
I Cosano ◽  
C Lama ◽  
J J Bedoya ◽  
M Ollero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Comprehensive Care ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Healthcare Outcomes ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Starting Point

Abstract Issue/problem Complex chronic patients (CCPs) present multiple chronic conditions and complex healthcare needs. Comprehensive care by multiple healthcare professionals at different settings is required to improve their outcomes. This challenge is faced by the Andalusian Public Health System (APHS), responsible for the provision of healthcare and public health services to the entire Andalusian population (8.5 million inhabitants). Description of the problem Almost 250000 CCPs have been identified within the APHS in 2018. The very complex ones (4%) utilise up to 30% of primary care and hospital resources. The Comprehensive Healthcare Plan for Patients with Chronic Diseases was launched in 2012 to ensure the comprehensive care for these patients with a multidisciplinary response. Together with the Integrated Care Process Healthcare for Multimorbidity Patients, set the scene for implementing integrated healthcare with coordination of professional services and/or centres over time, helping to decrease clinical variability and improve quality of care. Results Since 2016, Personalized Action Plans (PAPs) were introduced as key-elements to provide a holistic care coordinated at primary healthcare, including: taking patient’s individual needs, preferences and own resources as a starting point for their evaluation and the development their PAPs,involving of patient’s informal caregivers,involving all relevant care levels and health disciplines,ensuring the multidisciplinary care with a coordinating team. Lessons PAPs are a key element in the healthcare process for CCPs, and the assessment of its implementation in Andalusia is contributing to generate evidence within the Joint Action on Chronic Diseases (CHRODIS+, www.chrodis.eu). Key messages PAPs implementation and assessment are crucial to better address CCPs health needs, facilitating a patient-centred healthcare approach, and contributing to a European model of care. Involving patient, family carers together with the professional team facilitates achieving better healthcare outcomes.

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