“Many a Long Day”: HSBC and Its Note Issue in Republican China, 1912–1935

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-43
Author(s):  
Niv Horesh
Keyword(s):  
Political Stability ◽  
State Building ◽  
Foreign Bank ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Republican China ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Republican Era ◽  
Prevailing View

This article utilizes the local banknote circulation volumes of HSBC, the largest foreign bank in China, as a gauge with which to explore political stability and state-building during the Republican era (1912–1935). It will challenge the prevailing view that British banks faced little resistance in China through the 1920s–1930s, and expose new archival evidence on the perception of, and mobilization against, foreign banks.

Foreign Banks in the Crisis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Foreign Bank ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central

One reason governments have protected their banks from foreign ownership is that they feared foreign-owned banks would “cut and run”—i.e. abandon their host markets—in a financial crisis. An unexpected finding of this chapter, however, is that while foreign banks’ commitments to host markets have indeed been fleeting in crises, those commitments were weakest when the relationship between foreign banks and host markets was not characterized by ownership. Thus it was foreign ownership through a “second home market” model and bank subsidiaries during the acute phase of the US financial crisis (2008–9) that saved East Central Europe from economic catastrophe. In Western Europe, meanwhile, where foreign bank ownership levels were low but cross-border lending was significant, bank lending retreated behind national borders. This chapter also rejects the argument that the Vienna Initiative, a voluntary bank rollover agreement, compelled foreign-owned banks to maintain their exposures in East Central Europe.

scholarly journals Power and Crisis: Explaining Varieties of Commercial Banking Systems in Argentina, Brazil and Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Etchemendy ◽  
Ignacio Puente
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Commercial Banking ◽  
Foreign Bank ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Banking Systems ◽  
Government Ideology ◽  
Floating Exchange Rates ◽  
Financial Groups

In the early 1980s Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico had commercial banking sectors that were dominated by local banks. The largest countries in Latin America were subjected to common international economic pressures during both the neoliberal 1980s and 1990s – including the expansion of capital markets in the periphery and integration into the regional trade agreements NAFTA and Mercosur – and the post-1998 financial turmoil. By 2015, however, the three countries had consolidated alternative commercial banking systems: domestic private group dominated (Brazil), mixed (i.e., ownership more evenly divided among public, private domestic, and foreign banks (Argentina), and foreign bank dominated (Mexico). The article traces these alternative outcomes to the power of prereform private financial groups, the virulence of “twin crises” in the transition from fixed to floating exchange rates, and the (contingent) role played by government ideology.

Perceived overall service quality and customer satisfaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 908-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Moghavvemi ◽  
Su Teng Lee ◽  
Siew Peng Lee
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Foreign Bank ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
Service Quality Dimensions

Purpose Foreign and local banks in Malaysia are competing in terms of skilled staff, innovative products and services, rendering quality services and customer satisfaction. The purpose of this paper is to examine the overall service quality and customer satisfaction of both foreign and local banks. Design/methodology/approach The data used to test the hypothesis were collected from 748 foreign and local bank customers in Malaysia. The research model was analysed using a structural equation modelling technique. Findings Results show that knowledge and staff competencies, as well as convenience of the bank is more significant for local bank customers while bank image and internet banking are important components for foreign bank customers. The results also reveal that foreign bank customers have higher satisfaction as compared to local bank customers. Research limitations/implications No analysis is undertaken of any difference in the service quality dimensions between banks of different size. Further research on banking services could usefully test services quality dimensions across banks of different sizes. Practical implications The findings serve as a valuable reference for local banks understand service quality challenges they may face from foreign banks in this competitive industry. Findings suggest that, to provide high-quality services, financial institutions need to heighten customer satisfaction differentiation strategies. Originality/value The outcomes of this study enhance the knowledge on the performance of both local and foreign banks in Malaysia as well as customer satisfaction, which are invaluable to all bank managers and industry players in improving their services.

scholarly journals The True Jesus Church and the Bible in Republican China

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Pan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Biblical Interpretation ◽  
Republican China ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Republican Era ◽  
Unique Identity ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
True Jesus Church ◽  
The Church

During China’s Republican Era (1912–1949), the True Jesus Church, comprising one of the largest indigenous Pentecostal/charismatic churches in China, created a whole set of exclusive salvation doctrines based on its unique biblical interpretation. This paper attempts to illustrate the role that the Bible played in the development of the True Jesus Church (TJC for short) and how its biblical interpretations functioned in the shaping of its exclusive identity based on certain aspects of its charismatic experiences and unique doctrinal system. The founding of the TJC relied upon charismatic experiences, which were regarded as the work of the Holy Spirit to prove the authority of the Church. Doctrinally, the approaches to biblical interpretation employed by TJC leaders were another source of the church’s unique identity: The exclusive status the church assigned to itself was evident in its distinct interpretive approaches, as well as in its innovative rituals, especially facedown immersion baptism. Along with various influences of the Pentecostal tradition and the Chinese social context, these hermeneutics were an important reason for the TJC’s development as an independent denomination in the Republican era.

scholarly journals An Indexation System for Assessing Emerging Chinese Bank Competitiveness: The Case of Huaxia Bank

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (s2) ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
Long Zhang ◽  
Steven Shwiff ◽  
Qun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Foreign Bank ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Bank Managers ◽  
Chinese Banks ◽  
Business In China ◽  
Bank Executives

A 2010 banking survey of 42 foreign bank executives by Price Waterhouse Coopers ranked competition from “domestic” Chinese banks as their primary concern. This outranked the “regulatory environment” which had been number one for the previous two years. Several reasons were cited by foreign bank managers but three stand out: (1) declining market share for foreign banks due to reduced number of multinationals doing business in China, (2) foreign banks reluctance to lend locally due to the global economic slowdown, (3) the aggressive lending strategies of Chinese banks. This paper focuses on the new reality of contemporary Chinese banking practice. We believe Chinese banks are learning and adapting. They are gaining expertise in a wide array of bank operations such as asset management, branching, securities, leasing and many more. To better understand the nature and context of growing Chinese bank competitiveness, we introduce and apply the concept financial “econiche”. Financial econiche refers to the learning and adapting that takes place in a specific financial “ecological” surrounding with attention paid to the macroeconomic need for harmonious development. Econiche theory borrows heavily from similar ideas in the natural world. We construct an evaluation indexation system based on the econiche theory, and use Huaxia bank as a case study.

Brazil banks will stay cautious amid fragile recovery

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Retail Banking ◽  
Foreign Bank ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
Public And Private Sector

Subject Outlook for the banking sector. Significance The two-year recession has made Brazil’s public- and private-sector banks increasingly risk-averse in their lending to households and companies. This is likely to persist in 2017, owing to a very uncertain and fragile economic recovery, high unemployment and elevated levels of private-sector debt. Impacts Less-aggressive lending by national state banks will help public finances and give private banks a chance to increase market share. Spanish Santander will be the only foreign bank capable of competing in Brazil’s retail banking segment in the coming years. Other foreign banks lacking the necessary scale for profitable retail banking will focus on other niches.

scholarly journals Foreign Bank Entry in the Late Ottoman Empire: The Case of the Imperial Ottoman Bank

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avni Önder Hanedar
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Foreign Bank ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Bank Branches ◽  
Foreign Bank Entry ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Late Ottoman Empire ◽  
Late Ottoman ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Bank Entry

AbstractBefore 1900, there were few foreign banks in the Ottoman Empire. The most important foreign bank was the Imperial Ottoman Bank. Many rival foreign banks established a presence over time, which could have undermined the power of the Imperial Ottoman Bank due to greater competition. This article examines how rival foreign banks affected the Imperial Ottoman Bank branches, using data on profits of these branches between 1895 and 1914. Empirical findings do not indicate that rival bank branches were related to lower profits for Imperial Ottoman Bank branches in the respective markets.

The Israeli Coalition System

1975 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Z. Paltiel
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Political System ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
The Stability ◽  
State Of Israel

ANALYSTS OF THE ISRAELI POLITICAL SYSTEM HAVE COMMONLY attributed the stability of the polity to factors closely associated with the role played by the various Israeli parties in the state's economic and social life, and/or to the existence of a dominant, institutionalized state-building party. The consociational approach ought to help to clarify those factors which have maintained the stability of the coalition system which has governed the state of Israel since its establishment in 1948 and whose roots may be traced back as far as 1933 and even earlier.The consociational model and the theory of elite accommodation have been elaborated in an effort to explain the maintenance of continuing political stability in what at first glance would appear to be societies deeply divided along social, economic, ethnic, religious and ideological lines. Political stability in fragmented societies from this standpoint rests on the overarching commitment of the political elites to the preservation and maintenance of the system and their readiness to cooperate to this end.

scholarly journals Follow the Money: Quantifying Domestic Effects of Foreign Bank Shocks in the Great Recession

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Cetorelli ◽  
Linda S Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Bank ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Modes Of Operation ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Internal Shock ◽  
Internal Fund

Foreign banks pulled significant funding from their US branches during the Great Recession. We estimate that the average-sized branch experienced a twelve percent net internal fund “withdrawal,” with the fund transfer disproportionately bigger for larger branches. This internal shock to the balance sheet of US branches of foreign banks had sizable effects on their lending. On average, for each dollar of funds transferred internally to the parent, branches decreased lending supply by about forty to fifty cents. However, the extent of the lending effects was very different across branches depending on their pre-crisis modes of operation in the United States.

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