Multivariate analysis of geographically diverse rice germplasm for genetic improvement of yield, dormancy and shattering-related traits

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
K. Deepika ◽  
Krishna Lavuri ◽  
Santosha Rathod ◽  
Chandra Mohan Yeshala ◽  
Aravind Kumar Jukanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Dormancy Period ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Considerable Period ◽  
Mapping Populations ◽  
Quantitative Nature

Abstract A diverse set of 107 rice genotypes was evaluated for yield, shattering and dormancy traits. Analysis of variance revealed sizable variation while skewness and kurtosis values indicated near-normal distribution for most of the traits, thus quantitative nature controlled by many genes. A highly significant deviation from a normal distribution for dormancy and shattering % indicated their qualitative nature of inheritance. Four promising genotypes ‘IRGC1723’ (early with 65 days to flowering), ‘IRGC 11108’ and ‘RNR 15459’ (high grain number – 358 and low average shattering – <5%), ‘RNR 11718’ (high single plant yield – 56.73 g, low average shattering – <5% and dormancy period – 21 days) are identified. A significant positive correlation between shattering and dormancy confirms inter-relationship among domestication-related characteristics. The principal component analysis revealed the contribution of four PCs to maximum variability and hierarchical clustering grouped the genotypes into 18 divergent clusters. Five cultivars (Karimnagar Samba, Sheetal, PR 121, Pranahitha and Jagitial Samba) with a combination of low shattering ability (3.35–5.7%) and considerable dormancy period (13–20 days) falling in the same cluster can be used as donors for the improvement of rice genotypes with low shattering ability and incorporating a considerable period of dormancy so as to avoid pre-harvest sprouting due to delayed harvesting. Further, they can be crossed with ‘Pratyumna’ having less than 1 week dormancy period, a genotype of the cluster XVII with which they have a maximum genetic divergence of 51.4 and may serve as parents in the development of mapping populations for the identification of QTLs/genes for shattering and dormancy traits.

Statistical Calculations of Grinding Abrasive Number Based on Normal Distribution

2012 ◽  
Vol 229-231 ◽  
pp. 474-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Xiang Wang ◽  
Pei Qi Ge ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Zhen Jie Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Hertz Contact ◽  
Grain Number

Sliding and plowing are discriminated based on Hertz contact, and the grain number statistics model is established considering that grain size and abrasive protrusion height fit normal distribution. The analysis shows that less than 5% of grains are contacting with workpiece in the grinding arc, about 96% of contacting grains plow and about 4% cut. Sliding grains accounting for contacting grains is about 0.2%, which is almost negligible.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Studies in Drought Tolerant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sheeba ◽  
S. Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Background: Assessing the genetic diversity and relationship among breeding materials isan invaluable aid for any crop improvement programme. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a multivariate statistical technique attempt to simplify and analyze the inter relationship among a large set of variables in term of a relatively a small set of variables or components without losing any essential information of original data set. Methods: The present investigation was carried out to study the genetic diversity and relationship among the sixty five rice genotypes including popular rice varieties of Tamil Nadu, drought tolerant rice varieties, aerobic rice genotypes and land races. These genotypes were raised at Rice Research Station, Tiruvallur, during kharif, 2015 in randomized block design with three replications under aerobic condition. Data on eight yield and yield attributing traits were recorded and subjected to principal component analysis and association analysis. Result: In principal component analysis, PC1accounted for 22.91% and PC2 accounted for 19.53% of the total variation. The traits panicle length, no. of grains per panicle, plant height, days to 50% flowering, no of productive tillers per plant from the first two principal components accounted for major contribution to the total variability. Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into six discrete clusters. The association analysis revealed that the traits viz., no. of productive tillers/plant, panicle length and hundred seed weight had positive association with higher direct effect on plot yield which could be used as selection criteria for developing high yielding rice varieties. The results of the present study have revealed the high level of genetic variation existing in the genotypes studied and explains the traits contributing for this diversity.

scholarly journals Genotype and environment interaction of drought tolerant rice genotypes evaluated in drought prone areas of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
RR Majumder ◽  
TR Hore ◽  
MA Kader ◽  
TL Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Field trials were conducted using ten rice genotypes including four national and international check varieties under drought prone rainfed environments of Rangpur, Nilphamari, Kurigram and Lalmonirhat districts of Bangladesh in Transplant Aman 2012 season to evaluate the growth duration and grain yield stability as well as adaptability. The experiment used randomized complete block design with three replications. Growth duration and Grain yield data were subjected to Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis. The mean growth duration of 10 genotypes over four environments showed that the longest growth duration was found for IR83383-B-B-129-4 (115.6 days) and the lowest growth duration was found for BRRI dhan56 (Ck) (113.4 days). IR82635-B-B-145-1 produced maximum 4.28 t/ha grain yield followed by 4.28 t/ha in IR82589-B-B-84-3 and the lowest grain yield was recorded for IR83376-B-B-130-2 with 3.24 t/ha. It was evident from the AMMI 1 biplot analysis that IR83377-B-B-93- 3, IR83383-B-B-129-4, IR82635-B-B-145-1, IR82635-B-B-75-2 and BRRI dhan56 (Ck) generally exhibited high yield with high main (additive) effects showing positive first principal component of the interaction (IPCA1), but IR82635-B-B-145-1 being the overall best. Hence, IR82635-B-B-145-1 was identified as specially adapted to Lalmonirhat and this environment was considered as the wide range suitable environment for the genotype. Lalmonirhat could be regarded as a good selection site for rice improvement due to stable yields. IR83377-B-B-93-3, IR82635-B-B-145-1, IR83383-B-B-129-4, IRRI 123 (Ck), BRRI dhan57 (Ck) and BINA dhan7 (Ck) were hardly affected by the G × E interaction and would perform well across a wide range of environments. In AMMI 2 biplot, IR82635-B-B-145-1 and IRRI 123 (Ck) was more responsive since they were away from the origin whereas other genotypes were nearer to the origin and hence they were more stable to different environments. IR83383-B-B-129-4 was very close to the origin, so it was more stable to different environments. Similarly Rangpur Sadar and Lalmonirhat showed similar potentiality over IR83383-B-B-129-4. The study it revealed that IR83377-B-B-93-3, IR83383-B-B-129-4, IR82635-B-B-145-1, IR82635-B-B-75-2 and IR82589-B-B-84-3 has the potentiality to show drought tolerance for the regions and might be suitable for releasing as a variety after conducting proper yield evaluation trials and Distinction, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) tests.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(1): 23-30, June 2016

The Applied Research of Ergonomics in Lying Plate of Repair

2014 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
Fu Xing Li
Keyword(s):  
Applied Research ◽  
Working Posture ◽  
Working Postures ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
Machine Analysis ◽  
Made In ◽  
Quantitative Nature

The car repair workers would be injured in some part of body because of improper working postures. To reduce the injuries while repairing, changes must be made in the design of the car lying board. The improvement will be made according to the ergonomics theory, thus from the perspective of the comfortable working posture; analyzing from a qualitative nature to a quantitative nature, the design of the car lying board through man-machine analysis module of CATIA software on how to enhance the comfort of car repairing. That will make it possible for the car lying board to change its height and the angle of the pillow board according to the level of fatigue of man, so as to improve the comfort of car repairing. Also, it will provide an important reference to the design of related products.

scholarly journals Salinity induced impact on morphological traits of rice at reproductive stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-294
Author(s):  
Kaveri Chaudhary ◽  
SL Krishnamurthy ◽  
Narender Singh ◽  
PC Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Rice Genotypes

The present investigation was carried out to understand the effect of salinity stress on different morphological traits in rice at reproductive stage. A totalof 150 rice genotypes including 10 checks were evaluated under non-stress (ECe ~ 1.2 dS/m) and saline stress (ECe ~ 10 dS/m) in micro plot in two replications with Randomized Block Design. From the investigation, it was observed that yield declined because of decreases in panicle length, filled grain number, and unfilled grain under saline stress condition. The genotypes (CSR-1148-31, CSR-CPB-39, CSR-1148-130, and CSR-C27SM-22) were considered as salt tolerant with high yielding. Thus, these genotypes could be valuable for breeding program indevelopment of rice varieties and could be used for commercial cultivation.

scholarly journals Genotype by environment interaction and stability analysis for rice genotypes under Boro condition

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotan Bose ◽  
Nitiprasad Jambhulkar ◽  
Kanailal Pande
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Multiplicative Interaction ◽  
Genotype Effect ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Stability Statistics

Genotype (G)?Environment (E) interaction of nine rice genotypes possessing cold tolerance at seedling stage tested over four environments was analyzed to identify stable high yielding genotypes suitable for boro environments. The genotypes were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The genotype ? environment (G?E) interaction was studied using different stability statistics viz. Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI), AMMI stability value (ASV), rank-sum (RS) and yield stability index (YSI). Combined analysis of variance shows that genotype, environment and G?E interaction are highly significant. This indicates possibility of selection of stable genotypes across the environments. The results of AMMI (additive main effect and multiplicative interaction) analysis indicated that the first two principal components (PC1-PC2) were highly significant (P<0.05). The partitioning of TSS (total sum of squares) exhibited that the genotype effect was a predominant source of variation followed by G?E interaction and environment. The genotype effect was nine times higher than that of the G?E interaction, suggesting the possible existence of different environment groups. The first two interaction principal component axes (IPCA) cumulatively explained 92 % of the total interaction effects. The study revealed that genotypes GEN6 and GEN4 were found to be stable based on all stability statistics. Grain yield (GY) is positively and significantly correlated with rank-sum (RS) and yield stability index (YSI). The above mentioned stability statistics could be useful for identification of stable high yielding genotypes and facilitates visual comparisons of high yielding genotype across the multi-environments.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY AND PARENTS SELECTION FROM EXOTIC RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GERMPLASM

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
A. A. Mamun ◽  
N. A. Ivy ◽  
M. G. Rasul ◽  
M. M. Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Total Divergence ◽  
Five Axes

Genetic divergence among fifty exotic rice genotypes along with two check varieties were estimated using D2 and principal component analysis. The study was undertaken to select suitable donor parents for use in improved breeding program of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University in 2009. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first five axes accounted for 58.10% of the total variation. As per cluster analysis, the genotypes were grouped into seven clusters consisting 11, 16, 7, 11, 1, 2 and 4 genotypes which revealed that there exist considerable diversity among the genotypes. Considering the magnitude of genetic distance, contribution of different characters towards the total divergence and magnitude of cluster means for different characters, the genotypes RG-BU-08-057, 61, 65, 67, 69, 71, 85, 86, 88, 94, 96, 98 and 99 might be selected as a suitable parent for future hybridization program.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v25i1.17007

scholarly journals Development of Remote Jobs as a Factor to Increase Labor Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-348
Author(s):  
Eka Maghlaperidze ◽  
Natalia Kharadze ◽  
Halyna Kuspliak
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Structural Modeling ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of remote work and the determining factors of its development. Based on the survey for December 2020 - January 2021, with 528 employees of insurance companies in Georgia, the features of remote work have been determined. The factors influencing the effectiveness of remote work were substantiated by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Structural modeling confirmed the qualitative nature of the influence of the intensity of remote work on the level of its effectiveness, taking into account the factors of its effectiveness. The regularities and priority of the impact of the characteristics of the effectiveness of remote work depending on the intensity of the remote work have been substantiated. The optimal volume of remote work has been determined empirically. Its maximum efficiency is ensured in terms of increasing the productivity and satisfaction of employees of insurance companies.

Method of informational risk range evaluation in decision making

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Zinchenko A.O. ◽  
◽  
Korolyuk N.O. ◽  
Korshets E.A. ◽  
Nevhad S.S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Membership Function ◽  
Fuzzy Variable ◽  
Linguistic Variables ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Stochastic Uncertainty ◽  
Information Risk ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
Quantitative Nature

Looks into evaluation of information provision probability from different sources, based on use of linguistic variables. Formation of functions appurtenant for its unclear variables provides for adoption of decisions by the decision maker, in conditions of nonprobabilistic equivocation. The development of market relations in Ukraine increases the independence and responsibility of enterprises in justifying and making management decisions that ensure their effective, competitive activities. As a result of the analysis, it is determined that the condition of economic facilities can be described and determined by the decision-maker, in the presence of the necessary information. The confidence of the decision-maker in the information received is different and the decisions made have a correspondingly different level of information risk. It is important to substantiate the procedure for assessing the numerical extent of information risk in decision-making based on the information obtained in conditions of uncertainty. The use of a linguistic variable in the processing of expert data presented in the form of a matrix of binary relations of values of the membership function, which allowed to move to further processing of knowledge to support decision-making in the management of industrial, commercial, financial and other activities. As a mathematical model for estimating the numerical measure of information risk when making decisions based on the information obtained in conditions of non-stochastic uncertainty, a model has been developed to model natural language uncertainties, which differs from existing ones by formalizing knowledge taking into account uncertainty of input information. Making such a clear decision in a fuzzy environment has appropriate values of effectiveness and risk. The paper proposes all the functions and accessories of indicators of both quantitative nature and qualitative nature to bring their values in the field of definition to one scale. Then the indicator of the effectiveness of decision-making will be a measure of the clarity of the cross-section of fuzzy subsets, which correspond to the introduced indicators of information risk. The condition of economic facilities can be described and determined by the decision-maker, if the necessary information is available. Decision-making on thenumerical measure of information risk must be determined by a set of basic indicators (criteria), which can be both quantitative and qualitative in nature. Predictive values of indicators should be determined in conditions of nonstochastic uncertainty. In this case, the indicators of a quantitative nature can be determined by fuzzy triangular numbers, which implement a high level of confidence in the subjective judgments of experts. Indicators of qualitative nature should be presented in linguistic variables. The values of the indicators of qualitative nature that are predicted must be considered for all fuzzy variable terms-sets of linguistic variables introduced into consideration. For any fuzzy variable, the introduction to the consideration of a clear set of values as carriers of the α-level of its membership function allows to reduce to a single interpretation of the predicted values of indicators of quantitative and qualitative nature in terms of non-stochastic uncertainty.

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