Geoeffective events through solar cycles

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (S340) ◽  
pp. 255-256
Author(s):  
Brigitte Schmieder ◽  
Guillaume Aulanier
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Geomagnetic Disturbances ◽  
Historical Databases ◽  
Solar Events ◽  
Solar Storms ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Modern Era

AbstractExtreme solar storms are well known in the historical databases. Since the modern era, it has been possible to associate clearly geomagnetic disturbances with solar events (flares, SEP, CMEs). In the recent solar cycles the geoeffective events (number and strength) are decreasing. As an example, in the 2002 maximum activity year, we present how many flares, and CMEs were geoeffective. Based on observations and simulations, we discuss on the size of sunspots and the field strength to get more energetic flares (> 1032 ergs) in the near future.

scholarly journals A review of the SCOSTEP’s 5-year scientific program VarSITI—Variability of the Sun and Its Terrestrial Impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Shiokawa ◽  
Katya Georgieva
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Solar Wind Plasma ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Scientific Program ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Grand Minimum ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Earth Connection ◽  
Near Future

AbstractThe Sun is a variable active-dynamo star, emitting radiation in all wavelengths and solar-wind plasma to the interplanetary space. The Earth is immersed in this radiation and solar wind, showing various responses in geospace and atmosphere. This Sun–Earth connection variates in time scales from milli-seconds to millennia and beyond. The solar activity, which has a ~11-year periodicity, is gradually declining in recent three solar cycles, suggesting a possibility of a grand minimum in near future. VarSITI—variability of the Sun and its terrestrial impact—was the 5-year program of the scientific committee on solar-terrestrial physics (SCOSTEP) in 2014–2018, focusing on this variability of the Sun and its consequences on the Earth. This paper reviews some background of SCOSTEP and its past programs, achievements of the 5-year VarSITI program, and remaining outstanding questions after VarSITI.

scholarly journals RIEGER-TYPE PERIODICITY DURING SOLAR CYCLES 14–24: ESTIMATION OF DYNAMO MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH IN THE SOLAR INTERIOR

2016 ◽  
Vol 826 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Gurgenashvili ◽  
Teimuraz V. Zaqarashvili ◽  
Vasil Kukhianidze ◽  
Ramon Oliver ◽  
Jose Luis Ballester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Magnetic Field Strength ◽  
Solar Interior ◽  
Solar Cycles

scholarly journals NUCLEAR MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC EMP, SOLAR STORMS, AND SUBSTORMS

1992 ◽  
Vol 06 (20) ◽  
pp. 3353-3380 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIO RABINOWITZ ◽  
A.P. SAKIS MELIOPOULOS ◽  
ELIAS N. GLYTSIS ◽  
GEORGE J. COKKINIDES
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Electromagnetic Pulse ◽  
Geomagnetically Induced Currents ◽  
Geomagnetic Disturbances ◽  
Storm Effects ◽  
Storms And Substorms ◽  
Solar Storm ◽  
Induced Currents ◽  
Solar Storms

In addition to a fast electromagnetic pulse (EMP), a high altitude nuclear burst produces a relatively slow magnetohydrodynamic EMP (MHD EMP), whose effects are like those from solar storm geomagnetically induced currents (SS-GIC). The MHD EMP electric field E≲10−1 V/m and lasts ≲102 sec , whereas for solar storms E≳10−2 V/m and lasts ≳103 sec . Although the solar storm electric field is lower than MHD EMP, the solar storm effects are generally greater due to their much longer duration. Substorms produce much smaller effects than SS-GIC, but occur much more frequently. This paper describes the physics of such geomagnetic disturbances and analyzes their effects.

Maggot Therapy in Wound Management in Modern Era and a Review of Published Literature

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liya Davydov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Maggot Therapy ◽  
Coding Guidelines ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Modern Era

Maggot therapy is an old remedy, which is being looked into with renewed interest. The use of medicinal maggots was approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a medical device in 2004. Maggot therapy appears to be efficacious, well tolerated, and cost-effective. Because American Medical Association (AMA) and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) released reimbursement coding guidelines with regards to maggot therapy, there is a potential for a wider use of maggot therapy in United States in the near future. Several mechanisms of action suggested for maggots in debriding wounds are discussed. While maggot therapy demonstrated effectiveness in necrotic wounds, not all wound types respond well to maggot therapy. Future large, randomized, well-designed studies would help better delineate the place of maggot therapy among other options for wound care, and determine whether maggot therapy should be initiated earlier in the course of treatment, or continued to be used as a last resort.

scholarly journals Rapid solar wind and geomagnetic variability during the ascendant phases of the 11-yr solar cycles

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S264) ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Maris ◽  
O. Maris
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Solar Wind Velocity ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Geomagnetic Disturbances ◽  
Geomagnetic Indices ◽  
Terrestrial Magnetosphere ◽  
Speed Solar Wind ◽  
High Speed Solar Wind

AbstractSolar activity and its consequences for the interplanetary space are governing and perturbing the Earth's magnetosphere. The response of the terrestrial magnetosphere displayed as geomagnetic disturbances is measured by several geomagnetic indices. This paper analyses the geomagnetic variability during the ascendant phases of the last four solar cycles (nos. 20-23) under the influence of the high speed solar wind. The ascendant phase of a solar cycle is a proper interval of the irrespective cycle during which the influences of the solar cycles adjacent to it (the precedent and the following ones) are not present. The correlation between the geomagnetic indices and the high speed stream intensity during the analysed intervals was examined. Lomb-Scargle method of spectral analysis was applied on the solar wind velocity series during the ascendant phases.

scholarly journals Circulatory and Nervous Diseases Mortality Patterns—Comparison of Geomagnetic Storms and Quiet Periods

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Kateřina Podolská
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Graphical Models ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Solar Storms ◽  
Two Age Groups

The aim of this paper is to statistically examine whether there are different patterns in daily numbers of deaths during the quiet periods of solar activity, in contrast to the periods of the strong solar storms. We considered three periods of solar storms (storm of 14 July 2000 Bastille Day Event, storm of 28 October 2003 Halloween Solar Storms, and storm of 17 March 2015 St. Patrick’s Day event) and three periods of continuous very low solar activity (13 September–24 October 1996, 21 July–20 August 2008, and 31 July–31 August 2009) during the Solar Cycles No. 23 and No. 24. In particular, we focus on diseases of the nervous system (group VI from ICD-10) and diseases of the circulatory system (group IX from ICD-10) separately for both sexes and two age groups (under 39 and 40+). We demonstrate that in the resulting graphical models there was a connection between the daily number of deaths and all indices of solar and geomagnetic activity in periods of low solar activity in contrast to periods of strong solar storms in some monitored groups according to age, sex, and group of diagnosis.

scholarly journals Changes of Circulatory and Nervous Diseases Mortality Patterns during Periods of Exceptional Solar Events

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Kateřina Podolská
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Solar Storm ◽  
Solar Events ◽  
The Impact

A statistical analysis of the relation between exceptional solar events and daily numbers of deaths in the Czech Republic is presented. In particular, we concentrate on diseases of the nervous system (group VI from ICD-10—International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision) and diseases of the circulatory system (group IX from ICD-10). We demonstrate that the neurological diseases exhibit greater instability during the period of rising and falling solar activity. We study the daily numbers of deaths, separately for both sexes and two age groups (under 39 and 40+), during the Solar Cycles No. 23 and No. 24. We focus on exceptionally strong solar events in this period, such as the “Bastille Day event” on 14 July 2000, “Halloween solar storm” on 28 October 2003, and events on 7 January 1997, 2 April 2000, and on 7 September 2005. Special attention is paid to “St. Patrick’s Day storm” on 17 March 2015, the strongest geomagnetic storm of the Solar Cycle No. 24 that occurred following a coronal mass ejection (CME). We investigate the changes in the daily numbers of deaths during 1 month before and 1 month after these exceptional solar events. We take specific storm dynamics of their geophysical parameters into consideration. It has been verified that, for diseases of the nervous system, women are generally more sensitive than men. On the contrary, this differences between men and women have not been found for diseases of the circulatory system. Our findings suggest that the impact of the hazardous space weather conditions on human health depends on the specific dynamic and strength of the solar storm.

scholarly journals Decades of Solar-driven geomagnetic disturbances impact homicide rates in Europe and the USA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Behrens ◽  
Kaizô Beltrão ◽  
Agostinho Leite d'Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Geomagnetic Disturbances ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Homicide Rates ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

Background: Homicides are the leading cause of death among young males. Conventional approaches to interpreting variations in criminality over time and across countries have failed to explain it.Methods: We applied ordinary least squared regressions on yearly homicide rates to identify the planetary drivers for homicides in Germany, the UK, and the USA over the past three solar cycles (22 to 24) between 1987 and 2018. We used the number of sunspots (solar activity), Kp and Ap indices (geomagnetic activity) from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the German Research Centre for Geosciences DFZ-Potsdam, and weather variables from the countries’ meteorological organizations. Results: Our study revealed that lagged Kp NOAA index as a parameter of solar-driven geomagnetic disturbances (GMD) was the most important predictor to explain homicide rates in all three countries. Our results showed that over half the variance in homicide rates of all three countries could be attributed to GMD, not so by weather variables. We also predicted homicide rates peaking for 2025 and 2026 during the current 25th solar cycle, suggesting the current solar cycle could prove to be one of the most intense in a century, which would signal a concomitant increase in homicide rates. Based on the Italian experience in curbing homicides, we also suggest that collective agency may break what appears to be a deadly association between GMD and homicides.Conclusions: Our study suggests GMD may be involved in shaping human behavior and may help public and medical authorities prepare for eventual surges in homicides as the 25th solar cycle may induce stronger GMD.

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