Effect of screen diameter on particle size and water holding capacity of 15 starch based equine feedstuffs ground through a 1.0 mm or 0.5 mm screen

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 136-136
Author(s):  
B M L McLean ◽  
J J Hyslop ◽  
A C Longland ◽  
D Cuddeford ◽  
T Hollands
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Artificial Fibre ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Bag Experiments ◽  
Naked Oats ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Mechanical Shaker

Particle size (PS) may be reduced when feeds are ground through small screen sizes leading to increased losses from artificial fibre bags during in situ or mobile bag experiments in equines. Smaller PS may also alter the water holding capacity (WHC) of feeds which in turn may alter bag transit times during mobile bag experiments. This study examines PS and WHC in a range of starch based equine feedstuffs ground through two screen sizes.Five feedstuffs (F) were used ie: barley (B), maize (M), peas (P), wheat (W) and naked oats (NO). Feedstuffs were subjected to three types of physical pre-processing (Pr) ie: unprocessed (Un), micronised (Mi) or extruded (Ex) and then ground through either a 1.0 or 0.5 mm screen size (SS). For PS analysis a 25g sample of each feedstuff was sieved through a stack of 11 sieves ranging in pore diameter between 45 μm and 2 mm using a mechanical shaker for 20 min.

Effect of the rice flour particle size and variety type on water holding capacity and water diffusivity in aqueous dispersions

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 111082
Author(s):  
Barbora Lapčíková ◽  
Lubomír Lapčík ◽  
Tomáš Valenta ◽  
Petr Majar ◽  
Kristýna Ondroušková
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Dispersions ◽  
Water Diffusivity ◽  
Water Holding

Impact of Biochar on Water Holding Capacity of Two Chinese Agricultural Soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 952-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dao Yuan Wang ◽  
Deng Hua Yan ◽  
Xin Shan Song ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Retention Characteristics ◽  
Water Holding

Adding biochar to agricultural soil has been suggested as an approach to enhance soil carbon sequestration. Biochar has also been used as a soil amendment to reduce nutrient leaching, reduce soil acidity and improve water holding capacity. Walnut shells and woody material are waste products of orchards that are cheap, carbon-rich and good feedstock for production of biochar. The effectiveness of biochar as an amendment varies considerably as a function of its feedstock, temperature during pyrolysis, the biochar dose to soil, and mechanical composition. Biochar was produced from pyrolysis of walnut shell at 900 °C and soft wood at 600 to 700 °C. We measured the effect of these different parameters in two types of agricultural soil in Jilin and Beijing, China, a silt clay loam and a sandy loam, on the soils’ particle size distribution and water retention characteristics. Biochars with two different doses were applied to each soil type. Soil field capacity and permanent wilting point were measured using a pressure plate extractor for each combination of biochar and soil type. The results show that the effect of biochar amendment on soil water retention characteristics depend primarily on soil particle size distribution and surface characteristics of biochar. High surface area biochar can help raise the water holding capacity of sandy soil.

The influence of biochar particle size and concentration on bulk density and maximum water holding capacity of sandy vs sandy loam soil in a column experiment

Geoderma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 347 ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank G.A. Verheijen ◽  
Anna Zhuravel ◽  
Flávio C. Silva ◽  
António Amaro ◽  
Meni Ben-Hur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Column Experiment ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Water Holding

Physically effectiveness of beet pulp in dairy cows 1: physical characteristics, ruminal kinetics of nutrients degradation, hydration, and functional specific gravity

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 215-215
Author(s):  
Teimouri Yansari Asadollah
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Particle Size Measurement ◽  
Effective Factor ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Kinetics Of

Some physical properties including particle size, functional specific gravity (FSG; Teimouri Yansari et al., 2004), hydration rate, water holding capacity (WHC) and ionion-cation exchange (Van Soest, 1994) influenced on physically effective factor (pef), but only particle size measurement is central to all effective fibre systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of three types of beet pulp (BP) on physical characteristics including bulk density, particle size, kinetics of hydration, FSG, WHC, and intrinsic osmotic pressure that measured usingin vitroandin situmethods.

Estimation of water holding capacity of soils using data from different types of particle size analyses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienn Horváth ◽  
András Makó ◽  
András Bidló ◽  
Orsolya Szecsődi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Sedimentation Method ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Water Holding

<p>Determining the particle size distribution of soils helps to monitor the hydrophysical properties of the soil (e.g. water conductivity or water holding capacity). Climate change increases the importance of water retention and permeability, as extreme weather events can severely impair the water supply of drought-prone plant stocks. The amount of water is expected to decrease. At the beginning of the research, we have developed a measurement method to replace the classical “pipette” sedimentation method with the laser diffraction method. The theoretical background of laser diffraction measurements is already known, but its practical application for estimating soil’s water holding capacity is uncommon in detail. The developed, modified Thornthwaite model considers soil properties (e.g. root depth, topsoil layer thickness) and size distribution (silt and clay fraction) of soil particles combined with the most significant soil properties. The pre-sieving of soil aggregates, the pre-treatment (disaggregation and dispersion) of the samples greatly influence the obtained results. In addition to the sedimentation method, instrumental measurements (Mastersizer 3000) were applied with three variants of pre-treatment. For comparison, the results of a Leptosol, a Cambisol, and a Luvisol were prepared for the first modified Thornthwaite water balance model. Significant differences appeared especially during drought periods that could be a basis for studying the drought sensitivity of soils. By the development of our method, the water holding capacity of soil can be estimated; therefore, adapting forest management could be planned against climatic and pedological transformations.</p>

Effect of organic carbon (peat) on moisture retention of peat:mineral mixes

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
T D Moskal ◽  
L. Leskiw ◽  
M A Naeth ◽  
D S Chanasyk
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Holding

Quantification of the effects of organic carbon (OC) addition to reclaimed soils is an important reclamation issue. Such effects on soil texture, field capacity (FC), wilting point (PWP) and water-holding capacity (WHC), all expressed both on a gravimetric and volumetric basis, were quantified using both in situ soil samples and laboratory-prepared peat:mineral mixes. Soil samples were collected from both natural and reclaimed areas within the Oil Sands region of Alberta; peat was obtained from the same area. Organic carbon was determined for laboratory-created mixtures and expressed as volume ratios; for the in situ samples it was expressed as % OC. Bulk density, an important factor in the effects of OC on water retention, was measured in situ.Water retention parameters of in situ samples on a gravimetric basis were significantly related to % OC, but those on a volume basis were not. Trends in volumetric WHC for in situ, coarse-textured samples were similar to those for gravimeteric WHC, due to similar bulk densities ranging from 1.30 to 1.40 Mg m–3. However, for in situ peaty soils, trends in volumetric water retention did not mimic those expressed on a gravimetric basis due to low and irregular bulk densities. For laboratory-constructed peat:mineral mixes, FC and WHC were significantly impacted by % OC, however, PWP was not.  The addition of peat material resulted in minor textural changes for sand and loamy sand; hence, the change in texture could not be responsible for the increases in WHC as the result of peat additions. The results for sandy loam were variable. Key words: Bulk density, field capacity, reclamation, water-holding capacity

scholarly journals Design of a Functional Pea Protein Matrix for Fermented Plant-Based Cheese

Foods ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Carmen Masiá ◽  
Poul Erik Jensen ◽  
Iben Lykke Petersen ◽  
Patrizia Buldo
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Pea Protein ◽  
Ζ Potential ◽  
Protein Gels ◽  
Water Holding

The production of a fermented plant-based cheese requires understanding the behavior of the selected raw material prior to fermentation. Raw material processing affects physicochemical properties of plant protein ingredients, and it determines their ability to form fermentation-induced protein gels. Moreover, the addition of oil also influences structure formation and therefore affects gel firmness. This study focuses on identifying and characterizing an optimal pea protein matrix suitable for fermentation-induced plant-based cheese. Stability and gel formation were investigated in pea protein matrices. Pea protein isolate (PPI) emulsions with 10% protein and 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% olive oil levels were produced and further fermented with a starter culture suitable for plant matrices. Emulsion stability was evaluated through particle size, ζ-potential, and back-scattered light changes over 7 h. Gel hardness and oscillation measurements of the fermented gels were taken after 1 and 7 days of storage under refrigeration. The water-holding capacity of the gels was measured after 7 days of storage and their microstructure was visualized with confocal microscopy. Results indicate that all PPI emulsions were physically stable after 7 h. Indeed, ζ-potential did not change significantly over time in PPI emulsions, a bimodal particle size distribution was observed in all samples, and no significant variation was observed after 7 h in any of the samples. Fermentation time oscillated between 5.5 and 7 h in all samples. Higher oil content led to weaker gels and lower elastic modulus and no significant changes in gel hardness were observed over 7 days of storage under refrigeration in closed containers. Water-holding capacity increased in samples with higher olive oil content. Based on our results, an optimal pea protein matrix for fermentation-induced pea protein gels can be produced with 10% protein content and 10% olive oil levels without compromising gel hardness.

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