Morphological characterization of indigenous goats in Western Ethiopia: implication for community-based breeding programmes

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Seid ◽  
Kefelegn Kebede ◽  
Kefena Effa
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Indigenous Goats ◽  
Western Ethiopia

SummaryAn exploratory field survey was conducted in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Ethiopia, to phenotypically characterize indigenous goats. Eight qualitative and fifteen quantitative traits from 612 goats were considered. All data were analysed using SAS 9.2, version 2008. The dominant coat colour types in Guduru district were black (35.29 percent), whereas in Amuru district, the dominant coat colour types were white and brown with brown dominant (18.63 percent) and brown (17.65 percent). In Horro district, the dominant coat colour types were grey (21.57 percent) and black and white with black dominant (15.69 percent). Morphometric measurements (body weight (BW), heart girth and body length) indicated that the Amuru and Horro goats were significantly (P< 0.05) higher than the Guduru goats. Male goats were consistently higher than female goats in all variables except pelvic width (PW). BW could be predicted from the regression equationy= −45.22 + 1.04xfor does andy= −59.71 + 1.25xfor bucks, whereyandxare the BW and the heart girth, respectively. This phenotypic information serves as a basis for designing appropriate conservation and breeding strategies for goats in the study area. However, it should be substantiated with genetic characterization to guide the overall goat breeding and conservation programmes.

scholarly journals Could the Three Be Edible and Natural Sources of Levodopa? Morphological Characterization of Three Taxa of Mucuna (Fabaceae) in Ebonyi State, Southeastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.E. Nwankwo ◽  
S.A. Odewo ◽  
B.A. Ajani ◽  
L.T. Soyewo ◽  
M.S. Nwefuru
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Natural Source ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Flower Colours ◽  
Testa Colour

Background: There were reports that M. pruriens was edible and natural source of Levodopa used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, but the identity of the variety used for the treatment is uncertain. Hence, the present study is important to provide their diagnostic characters for further studies by prospective researchers. Methods: The qualitative study was carried out by observing and recording the features of the taxa while the quantitative was obtained as the leaflet length and width were measured using a metre rule. From each specimen, leaves were randomly selected and measured using metre rule. Standard methods were used in this study. Result: The three taxa possess trifoliate leaves in common and the flower colours are as follows: Yellow in M. flagellipes, purple in M. puriens var. pruriens and white in M. pruriens var. utilis. Testa colours are black, black and white in the M. flagellipes, M. pruriens var. pruriens and M. pruriens var. utilis, respectively. The highest average leaflet length was 17.5 recorded in M. pruriens var. pruriens while the lowest average leaflet length of 8.4 was recorded in M. pruriens var. utilis. The three taxa could be eaten based on review. Petal and testa colour could be used to distinguish the taxa studied.

scholarly journals Characterization of West and Central African accessions from a pearl millet reference collection for agro-morphological traits and Striga resistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Sattler ◽  
M. D. Sanogo ◽  
I. A. Kassari ◽  
I. I. Angarawai ◽  
K. W. Gwadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Reference Collection ◽  
Breeding Programmes

AbstractTo promote the utilization of West and Central African (WCA) genetic resources of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.], this study aimed at agro-morphological characterization of selected accessions from the pearl millet reference collection, established by the Generation Challenge Program and the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT). A total of 81 accessions were included, comprising 78 landraces originating from 13, predominantly WCA countries and three improved cultivars. All 81 accessions were evaluated together with 18 checks for resistance to the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. in an artificially infested field at one location in Niger. Determined by available seed quantity, 74 accessions were characterized together with seven checks in the rainy season 2009 in field trials under low-input and fertilized conditions in Nigeria, Niger and Mali, respectively. Wide ranges were observed for various traits. Several accessions were identified as sources for specific traits of interest, i.e. long panicles, high-grain density, earliness, Striga resistance and stable yielding across environments. The observed yield inferiority of all Genebank accessions compared with checks may indicate lost adaptation or inbreeding depression due to an insufficient effective population size during multiplication. A principal component analysis revealed an immense diversity but also strong admixture among the tested accessions, i.e. there were no clearly distinct groups. The seed of all genotypes is available from ICRISAT. The online availability of the characterization data is expected to facilitate efficient use of these pearl millet accessions by breeding programmes in WCA and worldwide.

scholarly journals Morphometric and Meristic Characterization of Native Chame Fish (Dormitator latifrons) in Ecuador Using Multivariate Analysis

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Gonzalez-Martinez ◽  
Mario Lopez ◽  
Hebert Mario Molero ◽  
Jorge Rodriguez ◽  
Martin González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Conservation Program

Ecuador, a country exhibiting large developments in fish farming, has a great variety of freshwater native fish. Among these fish is the Dormitator latifrons or chame, which has characteristics that make its farming prone to occur at a quite-developed stage. However, morphological characterization is required to establish a conservation program. In this study, 300 chames were captured in the Manabi province (Ecuador) to analyze their morphostructural model and to evaluate the effects of sex and the production system through multivariant techniques. The fish from the farm presented morphological measurements that were statistically (p < 0.05) higher than those of wild fish. Males were taller, longer, and wider than females, although the differences were not significant (p > 0.05). The percentage of correct adscription was 84%, with larger errors in wild fish. The morphostructural model had a high homogeneity, with 89.95% significant correlations (p < 0.05), and wild male and female fish were more homogeneous. The farm fish were larger because of the higher food availability. Moreover, the species exhibited sexual dimorphism, although there were no great differences in the morphometric measurements. This study shows the great biodiversity that naturally exists in Ecuadorian rivers. Therefore, it is of great interest to develop a chame breeding and conservation program.

scholarly journals Characterization of Pigeonpea Genotypes Based on DUS Traits

2021 ◽  
pp. 289-297
Author(s):  
M. S. Ranjani ◽  
P. Jayamani
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Genetic Purity ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Group I ◽  
Average Similarity ◽  
Breeding Programmes

The research entails morphological characterization of pigeonpea genotypes based on qualitative traits which aids in varietal description and ensure genetic purity. The study was conducted at the Department of Pulses, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University during kharif, 2019 and rabi, 2019-2020. The experiment was conducted in Randomized complete block design with two replications. The 68-short duration pigeonpea genotypes were characterized and grouped based on 17 qualitative traits. The morphological characterization revealed that, more variation was identified for traits viz., pattern of streaks on standard petal, plant height, seed colour, seed shape and seed size. Sixty - eight genotypes were subjected to cluster analysis and were grouped into four major clusters with an average similarity of 80%. The similarity coefficient ranged from 0.65 to 1.00. The cluster I consisted of 60 genotypes. Two sub-groups were formed from Cluster I. The sub-group I had 59 genotypes at 84 per cent similarity, whereas the sub-group II consisted of the genotype ICPL19050. Cluster II was made up of six genotypes. The cluster II was divided into two sub-groups at 84 per cent similarity. Clusters III and IV were solitary clusters, each with a single genotype. The characterization of genotypes with specific traits could be used to identify the genotypes, maintenance of genetic purity and to utilize in future breeding programmes.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF BROWN SARSON (BRASSICA RAPA L. ) GENOTYPES FOR DUS TRAITS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahmeena Bano ◽  
Shahina A. Nagoo ◽  
M. Asif Iqbal Qureshi ◽  
M. Altaf Wani ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Oilseed Breeding

Rapeseed and mustard , the two important oleriferous Brassicae grown in India play a magnanimous role in the national market of edible oils and meals. But the production of the crop is low due to a narrow genetic base. Much effort has been put to diversifying the oilseed breeding. The morphological characterization is the first step towards diversity analysis and conservation of plant genetic resources. A major challenge facing those involved in the testing of new plant varieties for Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) is the need to compare them against all those of ‘common knowledge. Protection of Plant varieties and Farmer’s Right Act insists on Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) characterization of new varieties and recommends the registration of varieties for any one specific novel character. On this backdrop, the present experiment was carried out to evaluate 54 Brassica rapa L. genotypes for DUS characterization under randomized complete block design ( RCBD) with three replication at the experimental farm of GPB, FoA SKUAST-K, Wadura during rabi 2019-2020. The results of the study revealed wide variation in various traits among different Brassica rapa genotypes L. The assessment of 54 genotypes for 09 traits revealed that all the traits were informative with respect to trait expression cum characterization. The different characters studied were having great impact for selection of superior genotypes for further breeding programmes. Hence, the diversity observed among the genotypes could be utilized for cultivar improvement and germplasm conservation programs aimed at improving productivity in Brassica rapaL

scholarly journals Agro-morphological Characterization of Bangladeshi Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm Based on Qualitative Traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
MZ Islam ◽  
M Khalequzzaman ◽  
MK Bashar ◽  
NA Ivy ◽  
MM Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

The agro-morphological characterization of germplasm is of utmost importance to generate information to be utilized in plant breeding programmes. The aim of this study was to characterize the agro-morphological traits of 113 accessions of aromatic germplasm (Oryza sativa L.) based on qualitative agro-morphological descriptors. No duplicates were identified among the studied accessions for qualitative traits in the cluster analysis, which means there is a high diversity among the accessions for these traits. Following UPGMA cluster analysis, 113 accessions of aromatic germplasm formed ten distinct clusters. The highest numbers of germplasm (96) were found in cluster IXd, 2 were found in cluster III, IV and VI, 3 were found in IXc and the lowest number of germplasm (1) in cluster I, II,V, VII, VIII, IXa, IXb and X, respectively. Aroma evaluation revealed that 67 germplasm were scented, 34 were lightly scented, while the rest 12 germplasm were nonscented. Germplasm namely Begun bichi, Elai, Chinigura, Basmati 370, Ranisalut, Sakkorkhora, Jirakatari, Raduni Pagal, Kalijira (long grain), Black TAPL-554, Kalgochi, BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan50, Badshabhog-2, Tulsimala-2, Kataribhog, BU dhan2R , Sakkorkhana, Maloti, Bashful could be used for further improvement for incorporating aroma to the high yielding varieties. Bangladesh Rice j. 2018, 22(2): 41-54

scholarly journals Morphometric and morphological characterization of chicken resources adapted to pastoral and agropastoral areas of southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
Amine Mustefa ◽  
Hizkel Kenfo ◽  
Teklewold Belayhun ◽  
Abebe Hailu ◽  
Abraham Assefa
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Characterization Studies ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

Thirteen qualitative and six quantitative variables taken from 303 adult chickens (95 cocks and 208 hens) from three locations/districts were used to phenotypically characterize the indigenous chicken populations in pastoral areas of South Omo Zone, Ethiopia. The studied traits were influenced by the effect of location and sex, where chicken populations from Hamer district and females of all districts were the smallest and lightest. Qualitative characteristics of the studied chicken populations such as normal feather morphology and distribution, plain plumage pattern, flat head shape, triangular body shape, and dominant red eye, earlobe and plumage colour suggest that they constitute previously undescribed populations. Chest circumference, wingspan and body length were the three most important morphometric traits used in discriminating the studied chicken populations. On average, 61% of the sampled populations were classified correctly into their respective locations. The multivariate analysis results discriminate the chicken populations into two groups: the Hamer group and the Omo group (chickens from Bena Tsemay and Male districts). However, such grouping should be confirmed and advanced to ecotype level using further genetic characterization studies as the observed phenotypic differences might be due to genetic or environmental variations. Such confirmation is important to design breeding programmes (for sustainable utilization) specific to each ecotype.

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

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