Measurement of foliar spray retention on creeping bentgrass

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-832
Author(s):  
Pingyuan Zhang ◽  
Bruce E. Branham
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Food Dye ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Application Volume ◽  
Foliar Retention

AbstractExperiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of spray volume, nozzle type, adjuvants, the presence of dew, and their interactions on foliar retention of creeping bentgrass. Tartrazine, a common food dye, was used as a tracer in this study. Increasing spray volume from 95 L ha−1 to 1,500 L ha−1 decreased foliar retention efficiency from 98% to approximately 85%. Compared with flat-fan nozzles, air-induction nozzles delivered similar retention efficiency at all spray volumes evaluated. However, flat-fan nozzles provided higher uniformity and more thorough coverage. Adding nonionic surfactants, organosilicone adjuvants, or methylated seed oils at typical concentrations yielded retention efficiency of approximately 90% to 93% regardless of spray volumes. In contrast, with water alone, increasing spray volume reduced retention efficiency from 95.9% to 87.3%. Simulated dew applied at 1,950 L ha−1 increased retention efficiency by approximately 3% when spray application volume was 190 L ha−1, while no difference was observed at 750 L ha−1. The presence of dew reduced the impact of adjuvants on retention efficiency. Large quantities of dew, 3,800 L ha−1, did reduce retention efficiency.

CONTROL OF QUACKGRASS WITH GLYPHOSATE AND ADDITIVES

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1095-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. IVANY
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
Agropyron Repens

Addition of nonionic surfactants nonylphenoxyl polyethoxy ethanol at 0.1% of total spray volume (vol/vol), tallow amine ethoxylate at 0.5% (vol/vol), or oil concentrate at 1% (vol/vol) to commercially formulated glyphosate applied at 0.25 and 0.5 kg a.i. ha−1 improved control of quackgrass [(Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv.)]. However, the improvement was not sufficient to provide an acceptable level of control of quackgrass. Addition of ammonium sulphate to glyphosate gave significantly greater control of quackgrass at all three rates of glyphosate. In one of the two experiments, control with 0.5 kg a.i. ha−1 of glyphosate was comparable to that of 1.0 kg a.i. ha−1. Addition of either of the three surfactants to the ammonium sulphate and glyphosate combinations did not further enhance control.Key words: Ammonium sulphate, nonylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, tallow amine ethoxylate, oil concentrate, Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv.

scholarly journals Impact of zinc fertilization on growth, yield and quality of zero till wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-331
Author(s):  
M. Singh ◽  
◽  
K.S. Sandhu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
The Impact

Aim: To determine the impact of soil and foliar application of ZnSO4.7H2O at late stages of wheat as heading initiation (5% ear formation), 100% heading (complete ear formation) and heading initiation and 100% heading along with recommended dose of fertilizer on growth, yield and quality of zero till wheat. Methodology: The field experiment was conducted on zero till wheat. The treatments consisted of control (no Zn), soil application of 12.5, 25, 37.5, 50 kg ha-1 ZnSO4.7H2O and foliar application of 0.5% Zn as one spray at heading initiation (5% ear formation), one spray at 100% heading (complete ear formation) and two sprays at heading initiation and 100% heading with recommended dose of fertilizer. These treatments were evaluated in RBD with three replications. Results: Soil application of 50, 37.5 and 25 kg Zn ha-1 with two foliar sprays of 0.5% at heading initiation (5% ear formation) and 100% heading (complete ear formation) stages gave significantly higher average grain and straw yield and Zn concentration in grain than other treatments, including control. Interpretation: Enhanced application of Zn as soil and foliar application ameliorates soil Zn deficiency and increases protein content in grains, which might influence the quality and yield of zero tilled wheat. Key words: Foliar spray, Grain yield, Wheat, Zinc

Residue management increases seed yield of three turfgrass species on the Canadian prairies

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Gossen ◽  
J. J. Soroka ◽  
H. G. Najda
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
The Impact

Little information is available on the management of turfgrass species for seed production in the Canadian prairies. The objective of these studies was to assess the impact of residue management and row spacing on seed yield under irrigation. A factorial experiment was seeded at Saskatoon, SK, in 1993 to assess the impact of burning or scalping (very close mowing with residue removal) vs. mowing, and 20- vs. 40-cm row spacing on seed yield of Kentucky bluegrass (KBG) (Poa pratensis), creeping red fescue (CRF) (Festuca rubra subsp. rubra) and creeping bentgrass (CBG) (Agrostis palustris). Also, a residue management trial on KBG was seeded at Brooks, AB, in 1993. At Saskatoon, yield was higher at 20-cm spacing across all three species in 1994, but spacing had no impact on winter survival, stand density, tiller growth or yield in subsequent years. Burning and scalping consistently resulted in earlier spring green-up, a higher proportion of fertile tillers, and higher seed yield than mowing. Even with residue management, yield declined after one harvest in CBG and CRF, and after two harvests in KBG. At Brooks, residue management had a similar impact on yield of KBG. A second trial at Brooks examined the impact of row spacing (20, 40, 60 cm) and seeding rate (0.5 to 6 kg seed ha-1) on KBG. Seed yield was highest at 40-cm spacings in 1994, at 60 cm in 1995, and at 40 to 60 cm in 1996. Seeding rate did not have a consistent effect on yield. We conclude that a combination of residue management and 20- to 40-cm spacings provide the highest, most consistent seed yields for these turfgrass species in this region. Key words: Burning, clipping, turfgrass, seed production, row spacing, Poa, Festuca, Agrostis

Surfactant Effect on the Electrorheological Performance and Colloidal Stability

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanqi Xu ◽  
Jinbo Wu ◽  
Yaying Hong ◽  
Weijia Wen
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Surfactant Effect ◽  
Barium Titanyl Oxalate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Titanyl Oxalate

The impact of two nonionic surfactants, namely Span 20 and Span 85, on the electrorheological response and colloidal stability of urea-coated barium titanyl oxalate (BTRU)/silicone oil suspensions is investigated. We...

scholarly journals Evaluation of Preventive Fungicide Applications for Fairy Ring Control in Golf Putting Greens and In Vitro Sensitivity of Fairy Ring Species to Fungicides

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 1001-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Miller ◽  
M. D. Soika ◽  
L. P. Tredway
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Fungicide Sensitivity ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Growth Assay ◽  
Ring Species ◽  
The Impact

Fairy ring species induce symptoms on putting greens mostly indirectly, by modifying the soil physical or chemical properties. Therefore, preventive rather than curative fungicide applications may be more effective in managing fairy ring. Two field experiments were conducted on a creeping bentgrass research green to evaluate fairy ring control from preventive fungicide applications. A 3-year study investigated the optimal rate and soil temperature-based timing of a preventive application of triadimefon and tebuconazole. A 2-year study evaluated the impact of irrigation timing and fungicide + surfactant tank mixtures on the efficacy of preventive applications of triadimefon and triticonazole. Fungicide-treated plots in both studies exhibited less fairy ring severity than untreated plots. Data suggest that a 5-day average soil temperature range of 13 to 16°C may be suitable for initiating preventive applications. Symptoms occurred earlier in plots treated with a surfactant tank mix than in those treated with fungicide alone. Irrigation timing had no effect on fungicide performance. The sensitivity of 16 isolates representing major fairy ring species to flutolanil, propiconazole, tebuconazole, triadimefon, and triticonazole was determined with a mycelial growth assay. No significant differences in fungicide sensitivity were detected among species. Isolates had significantly higher 50% effective concentration values for triadimefon than for the other fungicides tested.

scholarly journals Nutrients, fatty acid composition and antioxidant activity of the flowers and seed oils in wild populations of Paeonia ludlowii

2019 ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Jie Li, Zai-Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
The Impact

Wild Paeonia ludlowii is considered as a traditional ornamental plant, but its flowers and seed oils are edible with important economic values, and the variation of nutrients, fatty acid composition in wild populations is scarcely known. Flowers and seeds of P. ludlowii were collected from two wild populations for evaluating the nutrients in flowers, composition of fatty acids in seed oils and the antioxidant activity. The flowers contained high composition of proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, total flavonoids, phenolic compounds and essential minerals. Seed oil yield reached up to 21.95% using supercritical CO2 fluid extraction, and it contained 14 fatty acids (up to 93.35 g/100g seed oil), especially the unsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid) was up to 88.69% with low ω6/ω3 ratios of 0.58. The antioxidant capacity can be arranged in the order of trolox > flower extracts > seed oil according to the DPPH and ABTS free radical assay. Contents of nutrient in flowers and fatty acids in seed oils were significantly different between two wild populations due to the impact of different growing environments. These results indicate that flowers and seed oils of P. ludlowii are potential food resources in human diets.

scholarly journals Colorant Application Volume and Color Persistence on a ‘Chisholm’ Zoysiagrass Lawn

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Braun ◽  
Jack Fry ◽  
Megan Kennelly ◽  
Dale Bremer ◽  
Jason Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Visual Rating ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Application Volume

Zoysiagrass (Zoysia sp.) is a warm-season turfgrass that requires less water and fewer cultural inputs than cool-season grasses, but its widespread use by homeowners in the transition zone may be limited because of its extended duration of brown color during dormancy. Turf colorants are an option for improving zoysiagrass winter color. Our objective was to quantify the impact of colorants applied in autumn at three application volumes on persistence of green color on lawn-height ‘Chisholm’ zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica). The commercial colorants Green Lawnger, Endurant, and Wintergreen Plus were applied in Oct. 2013 in Manhattan, KS, and Haysville, KS, in solutions with water at 80, 160, or 240 gal/acre at a 1:6 dilution (colorant:water) and evaluated through late 2013 and Spring 2014. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), a cool-season turfgrass commonly used in home lawns in the transition zone, was included for comparison. Persistence of green color increased with application volume, but differences among colorants were limited. Colorants provided acceptable color (i.e., a visual rating ≥6 on a 1 to 9 scale) for 55 to 69 days at 80 gal/acre, 69 to 118 days at 160 gal/acre, and 118 to 167 days at 240 gal/acre. Compared with tall fescue, colorant-treated zoysiagrass had significantly higher color ratings for 98 to 112 days at 80 gal/acre, 112 to 154 days at 160 gal/acre, and 138 to 154 days at 240 gal/acre. Colorants increased turfgrass canopy temperature by up to 12.1 °F, but did not accelerate spring green-up. Duration of acceptable color on ‘Chisholm’ zoysiagrass lawns can be enhanced by increasing colorant application volume.

scholarly journals Alleviation of Sodicity Stress in Green Gram and Black Gram Using Plant Growth Regulating Substances

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
S. Nithila ◽  
R. Amutha ◽  
R. Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Harvest Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Sodic Soil ◽  
The Impact

Most of the pulses in India are grown in low fertility, problematic soils and unpredictable environmental conditions. Major issues in pulse production are poor establishment and low harvest index. In pulses harvest index is only 15-20%. Physiological manipulations such as spraying of hormones and nutrients that reduce flower drop and thereby facilitate large sink size. The objective of this research is to study the impact of Growth regulating substances on germination and establishment and economic yield of black gram and green gram under Sodic soil conditions. The study area is Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Trichy. The nature of soil is sodicity with exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of 18.94% with pH of 9.02. The two crop varieties green gram VBN (Gg) 2 & black gram VBN (Bg) 6 were employed under sodic soil condition. Field experiment was conducted during late July to October 2017 under sodic soil condition with ten treatments. The experiment was laid out in a Randamized Block Design with three replications. Foliar spray was given at flower initiation and pod initiation stages. Ten treatment combinations were employed by T1: Control, T2: Seed Treatment (ST) with Ammonium Molybdate (AM) 0.05% + foliar spray of ZnSO4 – 0.5%. T3: AM 0.05% + Panchagavya -3.0%,              T4: AM 0.05% + foliar spray of KCl -1%, T5: ST with GA3 50 ppm + foliar spray of ZnSO4 – 0.5%,   T6: GA3 50 ppm + Panchagavya -3.0%, T7: GA3 50 ppm + KCl -1%, T8: Cowpea Sprout Extract 2% +ZnSO4 – 0.5%, T9: Cowpea Sprout Extract 2% +Panchagavya -3.0%, T10: Cowpea Sprout Extract 2% + foliar spray of KCl -1%. In conclusion the yield enhancement in best treatment may be due to the presence of bioactive substances in sprouted cowpea extracts and panchagavya were found effective towards yield maximization.

scholarly journals Impact of foliar spray of nutrients and seed treatment on protein uptake and protein yield of lathyrus (Lathyrus sativus L.) under relay cropping system

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-415
Author(s):  
Mo. Navaz ◽  
Anjum Ahmad ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
G.K. Shrivastava ◽  
Veerendra Banjare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Protein Uptake ◽  
Relay Cropping ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus L ◽  
The Impact

An experiment was carried out during the Rabi season of 2016, to study the impact of foliar spray of nutrients and seed treatment on protein uptake and protein yield of lathyrus (Lathyrus sativus L.) Under relay cropping system at the Agronomy Research Farm of IGKV, Raipur.The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with twelve treatments replicated thrice. highest cost of cultivation, gross return, net return and B:C ratio was found in treatment F5: 0.5% NPK (19:19:19) spray at branching and 15 days after 1st spray (11570.50, 29492.64, 18618.14, 1.712 Rs.ha-1, respectively), where as in case of seed treatment S2: seed treatment with Sodium molybdate @ 0.5 g kg-1 seed gave the maximum cost of cultivation, gross return, net return and B:C ratio (11308.17, 26475.39, 15583.39, 1.431 Rs.ha-1 , respectively).

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