Age and Gender-Related Reference Values for Serum dl-α-Tocopherol and All-Trans-Retinol Levels in Saudi Population

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 326-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Saleh ◽  
El-Doush ◽  
Billedo
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Vitamin Status ◽  
Reference Limits ◽  
And Gender

We established a reference range for dl-α-tocopherol and all-trans-retinol in a Saudi population previously selected for a cross-sectional study evaluating selenium and vitamin status. Concentrations of dl-α-tocopherol and all-trans-retinol were 0.999 ± 0.31 mg/dL (n = 994, range 0.11–3.42 mg/dL) and 49.14 ± 24.15 μg/dL (n = 1000, range 11.20–400.85 μg/dL), respectively. The levels of dl-α-tocopherol and all-trans-retinol in serum were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a UV detector. We took the influence of age and gender into account. Both had significant effect on the levels of all-trans-retinol in serum, except in the case of dl-α-tocopherol, where no gender related effect was found. We used the 5th and 95th percentiles as reference limits. Based on these criteria, it was found that these reference limits differed between genders for all-trans-retinol. Our lower and upper limits for dl-α-tocopherol classified by three age groups were very close to the normal range of 0.5–1.6 mg/dL, as found in previous studies. The 5th percentile of all-trans-retinol in both males and females, stratified by age, was close to a level of < 20 μg/dL, which could be regarded as a mild vitamin A deficiency according to WHO criteria. But the value corresponding to the 95th percentile was higher than the upper limit of vitamin A’s normal range of 70 μg/dL, suggesting a potentially harmful high dietary intake of vitamin A. The reference intervals elaborated here may help in the assessment of the vitamin status and in detecting subjects at risk of developing pathologies associated with either excess intake or deficiency.

scholarly journals Is Vitamin A Supplementation Associated With Anemia in Children Under 5 Years of Age in Peru: Secondary Analysis of the “Demographic Health Survey” 2015-2018?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110483
Author(s):  
Isabella Ribaudo ◽  
Camila B. Aramburú-Duclos ◽  
Dora Blitchtein
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia ◽  
Children Under 5

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) affects 12% of Peruvians under 5 years of age. Recent studies have shown an association with hematopoiesis and iron metabolism. In Peru, 3-quarters of a million children have anemia. We aimed to identify an association between Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) and anemia in children under 5 years of age. A cross-sectional secondary analytical study from the Peruvian Demographic Survey and Family Health (DHS) was conducted. The primary outcome, anemia, was measured through hemoglobin concentration and adjusted by altitude. The DHS interviewer ensured the participant’s VAS in the last 6 months through a structural healthcare card. The association was statistically significant using crude regression but disappeared when adjusted per socioeconomic level and gender. VAS was not significantly associated with a lower prevalence of anemia. Further studies are required to help identify the association between VAS and anemia.

scholarly journals Obesity in Saudi Arabia in 2020: Prevalence, Distribution, and Its Current Association with Various Health Conditions

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Nora A. Althumiri ◽  
Mada H. Basyouni ◽  
Norah AlMousa ◽  
Mohammed F. AlJuwaysim ◽  
Rasha A. Almubark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Colon Diseases

The global prevalence of obesity is increasing. Obesity is associated with many chronic diseases and health conditions. This study aims to estimate the current prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia and described the current national-level status of the association between obesity and various health conditions. This study is a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted over phone-interviews in June 2020. In this study, a proportional quota-sampling technique was used to obtain equal distributions of participants, stratified by age and gender, across the 13 regions of Saudi Arabia. Weight and height were self-reported, and the obesity was determined as BMI ≥ 30. Logistic regression adjusted for age and gender was used for exploring current associations between obesity and health conditions. Of the 6239 participants contacted, 4709 participants responded and completed the interview with a response rate of 75.48%. Of them, 50.1% were female, the mean age was 36.4 ± 13.5 (Range: 18–90), and the median age was 36. The national weighted prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30) was 24.7%, and the prevalence in the sample (unweighted) was 21.7%. Obesity was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes [Odd ratio, (OR) = 1.52], hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.69), hypertension (OR = 1.61), lung diseases (OR = 1.69), rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 1.57), sleep apnea (OR = 1.82), colon diseases (OR = 1.31), and thyroid disorders (OR = 1.8). This study provides an update on the recent prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia. It also shows the variation in prevalence rates between different regions, which might be explored further. Although obesity shows a decreasing trend, almost one-quarter of this study sample were obese. Obesity is currently associated with many health conditions that can affect the individuals’ quality of life, impose stress on the healthcare system and impose an economic burden on the country. This evidence highlights the need for action to focus more on obesity in Saudi Arabia.

Evaluation of the Fibromyalgia and Related Risk Factors in Patients with Advanced Kidney Failure Undergoing Hemodialysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mostafa Seyedmardani ◽  
Saeed Abkhiz ◽  
Azadeh Megrazi ◽  
Aarefeh Jafarzade ◽  
Golshan Kamali Zonouz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Kidney Failure ◽  
Fibromyalgia Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Symptom Severity Score ◽  
And Gender

Background : Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is defined as widespread and persistent pain in the musculoskeletal system. There are limited reports regarding the prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome in patients with advanced kidney failure undergoing regular hemodialysis. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome and its risk factors in a large proportion of patients under the hemodialysis condition. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 293 patients who were admitted to the hemodialysis ward were evaluated for fibromyalgia syndrome in an educational hospital. The questionnaire was designed according to symptom severity score (SS score) and widespread pain index (WPI) criteria. The correlation between FMS and various variables, including demographic, clinical, and biochemistry biomarkers, was also precisely calculated by logistic regression. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.17 statistics software. Results: The results showed that, of 293 hemodialysis patients, 130 patients (44.4%) had fibromyalgia, the mean age of patients with and without fibromyalgia was 61.09 ± 15.36 and 53.49 ± 15.38 years old, respectively (P = 0.001). Moreover, there was a significant difference in terms of gender among patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (P = 0.001). To note, there was no significant relationship between the kidney failure etiopathogenesis, duration of dialysis, body mass index (BMI), Kt/v index, history of peritoneal dialysis, and laboratory parameters with fibromyalgia in hemodialysis patients (P > 0.05). However, our findings revealed that both age and gender could be considered as the predictor variables associated with fibromyalgia in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Conclusion: Taken together, in this study, we found that age and gender would be the critical factors in terms of the fibromyalgia syndrome in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Prevalence of Colorectal Carcinoma With Respect to Age and Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3198-3199
Author(s):  
Pervez Muhammad ◽  
Sajjad Muhammad ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Amir Khan ◽  
Akhtar Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gender Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

Aim: Prevalence of colorectal carcinoma with respect to age and gender Study design: Observational / cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at the Department of Pathology and Surgery, Post Graduate Medical Institute Lahore and Jinnah Medical College Peshawar from July, 2013 to February, 2015 Methodology: Surgical specimens of 60 histopathologically diagnosed cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma were included in this study. Age and sex were evaluated in CRC. Results: The mean±sd of age was 54.4±19.7 yrs. Out of 60 cases, 6 (10%) were between 16-29 yrs, 9 (15%) cases were between 30-49 yrs, 34 cases (56.7%) were of 50-69 yrs and 11 cases (18.33%) were of 70 yrs. Out of sixty cases, males were 33 (55%) and females were 27(45%). Conclusion: There are 34 out of 60(56.7%) patients were 50-69 years and 33 out of 60 (55%) cases were males i.e. males dominance. Keywords: Colorectal adenocarcinoma, immunohistochemistry, gender

scholarly journals Patients’ general satisfaction with the appearance of anterior maxillary teeth

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 520-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlatka Lajnert ◽  
Daniela Kovacevic-Pavicic ◽  
Hrvoje Pezo ◽  
Aleksandra Stevanovic ◽  
Tatjana Jovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Tooth Shape ◽  
General Satisfaction ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Dental Appearance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Background/Aim. Dental appearance plays an important role in practically all personal social interactions. The main factors that define the dental appearance are tooth colour, shape and position, quality of restoration, and the general position of the teeth in arch, especially in the anterior region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of dental status (tooth shape, fracture, dental and prosthetic restorations and presence of plaque) on patient''s satisfaction with the dental appearance, controlling for the age and gender. Methods. A total of 700 Caucasian subjects (439 women) aged 18?86 (median 45 years) participated in the cross-sectional study. Study included clinical examination and self-administrated questionnaire based on selfperceived aesthetics and satisfaction with the appearance of their maxillary anterior teeth. Results. A regression analysis demonstrated that presence of dental plaque, tooth fracture, composite fillings and crowns had significant independent contribution and were negative predictors of satisfaction with teeth appearance. Participants with presence of plaque on upper teeth (p < 0.001), fractures (p = 0.005), composite fillings (p < 0.001) and crowns (p = 0.032) were less satisfied than those without it. Model explains 12% or variance of general satisfaction with the appearance of maxillary frontal teeth (p < 0.001) and the major contributors are composite fillings (5.3%) and plaque (3.2%). Tooth shape, age and gender were not significant predictors of satisfaction. Conclusion. Satisfaction with the teeth appearance is under the influence of many factors with significant negative influence of presence of dental plaque, fractures, composite restorations, and crowns.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study To Evaluate age and Gender Related Differences in Drug Utilization in Ischemic Heart Disease at a Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1967-1974
Author(s):  
Praveen Panchaksharimath ◽  
A. N. Praveen ◽  
R. Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Prescription Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Anti Platelet Therapy ◽  
And Gender

Drug utilization study is a powerful exploratory tool to evaluate the present trends of drug prescribing and appropriateness of prescription. To analyse the age and gender related differences in utilization of different classes of drugs in patients for Ischemic heart disease (IHD) management. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted from August 2017 to March 2018 in Cardiology department, PMSSY, BMC&RI, Bengaluru. The demographic, and drug prescription data of IHD patients were analyzed according to age group (18–59 years versus ≥ 60 years) and gender wise. Out of 520 patients diagnosed with IHD, 68% were male patients and 60% were aged ≥ 60 years. The most common co-morbid condition was Hypertension (66%) and was significant in patients aged ≥ 60 years (P= 0.0033). Anti-platelet drugs (100%) followed by Lipid lowering drugs (96%) were most commonly prescribed. The average number of drugs per prescription was found to be 6.44. Prescription of Dual anti-platelet therapy was found to be significant among men (<0.0001). Prescription of Diuretics (p = 0.045) and Pregabalin (p = 0.031) were significantly higher among females and Prescription of Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) was significantly higher among those aged 18–59 years. Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus were the most common co-morbidities observed with IHD. ARBs, Diuretics, Proton pump inhibitors, Anti Diabetic Agents and Pregabalin showed significant differences in the drug utilization with respect to age and gender. Dual anti-platelet therapy was observed to be significantly higher among males. This study has been registered in CTRI (CTRI/2018/05/013949).

scholarly journals Hubungan Penerapan Perilaku Kadarzi (Keluarga Sadar Gizi) dengan Status Gizi Balita di Kabupaten Tulungagung

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Santik Wijayanti ◽  
Triska Susila Nindya
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Height Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

 Background: Family conscious nutrition (Kadarzi) is an Indonesia government program that aims to address the nutrition problem. The family expected to be able to independently giving the best nutrition to improve health. Each Kadarzi indicator has an important role to resolve and prevent the occurrence of utrition problem as indicator of vitamin A supplementation is used to resolve vitamin A deficiency.  Nutrition problems can be seen by using nutritional status. Children under five years are age-prone to experiencenutritional problem such as underweight, stunting, and wasting. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the application of Kadarzi behavior with the nutritional status of children under five (WAZ, HAZ, and WHZ). Method: The research was an analytic obsevation research, using cross sectional design. The sample consist of 72 toddlers in Salakkembang Village, Kalidawir Subdistrict, Tulungagung Regency. The data were collected by using weight and height measurement, also Kadarzi bahavior questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Fisher Exact test. Result: The results of the study showed that there was a correlation between Kadarzi behavior with nutitional status of toddlers based on WAZ (p=0.010), and HAZ (p=0.000) but not with WHZ (p=0.368). Conclusion: The better apllication of Kadarzi behavior, the better the nutritional status of toddlers WAZ and HAZ. Mothers should apply Kadarzi behavior to prevent toddlers from nutritional problems. ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Keluarga Sadar Gizi (Kadarzi) merupakan program pemerintah Indonesia yang bertujuan mengatasi masalah gizi. Keluarga diharapkan dapat secara mandiri mewujudkan keadaan gizi yang sebaik-baiknya untuk meningkatkan kesehatan. Setiap indikator Kadarzi memiliki peran penting untuk mengatasi dan mencegah terjadinya masalah gizi seperti indikator pemberian suplemen vitamin A digunakan untuk mengatasi kekurangan vitamin A. Masalah gizi dapat dilihat salah satunya dengan menggunakan status gizi. Balita merupakan usia yang rawan mengalami masalah gizi seperti underweight, stunting, dan wasting.Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan antara penerapan perilaku Kadarzi dengan status gizi balita (BB/U, TB/U, dan BB/TB).Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasinol analitik, dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel terdiri dari 72 balita di Desa Salakkembang, Kecamatan Kalidawir, Kabupaten Tulungagung. Pengumpulan data menggunakan penimbangan berat badan, tinggi badan, dan kuesioner perilaku Kadarzi. Data dianalisis menggunakan Fisher Exact test. Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan terhadap hubungan antara perilaku Kadarzi dengan status gizi balita BB/U (p=0,010) dan TB/U (p=0,000) namun tidak dengan BB/TB (p=0,368).Kesimpulan: Semakin baik penerapan perilaku Kadarzi maka semakin baik status gizi balita BB/U dan TB/U. Ibu dan seluruh anggota keluarga seharusnya menerapkan perilaku Kadarzi agar balita terhindar dari masalah gizi.

scholarly journals Awareness about breast feeding practices and vitamin A deficiency among mothers in Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh, South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2346
Author(s):  
Vasantha Rao Sappati ◽  
Sannapaneni Krishnaiah ◽  
Suneetha Sapur
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: To assess the awareness about breast feeding practices and to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about the signs and symptoms of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and vitamin A rich foods intake among mothers of children below 5 years in the Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh (AP) in South India.Methods: A population based cross-sectional study was conducted on 284 mothers (age range 14 to 36 years) during June 2011 and September 2011. A combined simple and systematic random sampling strategy was used to select mothers from one tribal, rural and semi urban area with a representative sample of the Srikakulam district. A standardized structured questionnaire that was developed and validated by the National institute of nutrition, Hyderabad was utilized for this study.Results: The awareness of vitamin A and night blindness was 68.7% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 62.9–74.0) (n=195) and 93.7% (95% CI: 90.2–96.2) (n=266) respectively. The knowledge of signs and symptoms of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) was nil among illiterate mothers and low among literates; with primary education, adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0.01 (95% CI: 0.00, 0.06) and with secondary education, OR: 0.19 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.62) compared to mothers with graduation and above.Conclusions: There is a need to increase the awareness and knowledge about VAD among mothers with children below 5 years in the southern state of AP.

Prevalence of Vitamin A Deficiency And Associated Factors Among Children Aged 6-59 Months In Dera District, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yidrsail Hune ◽  
Hirut Asaye ◽  
Ayenew Negesse ◽  
Habtamu Temesgen ◽  
Tadesse Yirga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Health

Abstract Background: Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for the proper functioning of the immune system. It fondes both animal and plant sources in the form of retinol from animal sources or beta-carotene from plant source foods. Due to increased nutrient need and the severity of the potential health consequences are associated with vitamin A deficiency (VAD), preschool children and pregnant women are considered as the most at risk segments of the community. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of VAD and associated factors among children aged 6-59 months in Dera woreda, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: Community based quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among children aged 6-59 months in Dera woreda from December 1/2018 to January 1/2019. Multistage random sampling was used to select the required samples (267). Data were coded and entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 20 for analysis. Binary logistic regression was fitted. Both bivariable and multivariable analyses were used to identify factors associated with VAD. Those variables that were showed significant association in multivariable association at P value less than 0.05 declared as statistically significant factors of VAD among children age 6-59 months. Results: Two hundred sixty seven mother-children Pairs were included in the study making a response rate of 94.7%. The overall prevalence of Vitamin A deficiency among children age 6-59 months was 7.8% (95% CI (4.7, 11.3). Antenatal care follow up (AOR: 0.446,95 % CI (0.155, 0.980)); birth interval within 2 year (AOR: 0.392, 95 % CI (0.107, 0.839)), and age group of24-35 months (AOR; 1.206, 95 % CI (1.037, 6.129)) were significantly associated with vitamin-A deficiency. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in this study was found to be lower than the national and regional prevalence. According to this study, VAD is a mild public health problem. Age of children, birth interval, ANC follow up, remain the most important associated factors for vitamin A deficiency. Therefore to decrease the prevalence of VAD, ANC service should be strengthened and we should focus on older children birth interval and age- based food needs.

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