Suicide and Suicide Attempts in Ankara in 1998: Results of the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study of Suicidal Behaviour

Crisis ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isik Sayil ◽  
Halise Devrimci-Ozguven
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Group ◽  
State Institute ◽  
Completed Suicide

Summary: Background: The rates and associated basic demographic features of attempted and completed suicides in a catchment area in Turkey were investigated as part of the WHO/Euro Multicentre Study of Suicidal Behaviour. Method: All hospitals in the catchment area were screened in order to identify attempted suicides. Statistics for completed suicides were obtained from the State Institute of Statistics (SIS). Results: The rates of attempted and completed suicides per 100,000 inhabitants over 15 years of age were 31.9 for males and 85.6 for females, and 9.9 for males and 5.6 for females, respectively. The majority of attempted suicides were in the 15-24-year-old age group, as is the case in all other European countries. The majority of completed suicides were also in the 15-24-year-old age group, although in other European centers most completed suicides occur in the 40+ age group. The most frequent methods were overdose for attempted suicide and hanging for completed suicide. The rates of both attempted and completed suicides were lower than those of other participating centers in Europe. Conclusion: Male sex is a risk factor for completed suicide and female sex is a risk factor for attempted suicide, while an age of 15-24 years may be a risk factor for both groups.

scholarly journals Suicide Attempts in Turkey: Results of the WHO—EURO Multicentre Study on Suicidal Behaviour

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halise Devrimci-Ozguven ◽  
Isık Sayıl
Keyword(s):  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Rapid Social Change ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Research Centres

Objective: To investigate the rate and method of attempted suicides in a catchment area in Turkey as part of the WHO–EURO Multicentre Study on Suicidal Behaviour. Method: All hospitals in the catchment area were screened to identify suicide attempts for 4 years between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2001. Results: In the 4-year period, 737 individuals attempted suicide (514 women and 223 men). The mean annual rate per 100 000 was 46.89 for men and 112.89 for women. The parasuicide rate increased by 93.59% between 1998 and 2001. The most frequent method used by both men and women was self-poisoning. Conclusion: Compared with the results from other European research centres, attempted suicide rates in Turkey were relatively low. However, the increase in rates was striking. This upward trend may be related to the intense economic difficulties, increasing unemployment, and rapid social change experienced in Turkey in recent years. The risk groups appeared to be younger and female. Information on author affiliations appears at the end of the article.

Analysis of Deliberate Self-Wrist-Cutting Episodes Presenting to the Emergency Department

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Kim ◽  
Han Joon Kim ◽  
Soo Hyun Kim ◽  
Sang Hoon Oh ◽  
Kyu Nam Park
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Efficacy Of Treatment

Abstract. Background: Previous suicide attempts increase the risk of a completed suicide. However, a large proportion of patients with deliberate self-wrist cutting (DSWC) are often discharged without undergoing a psychiatric interview. Aims: The aims of this study were to investigate the differences in the characteristics and outcomes of patients with DSWC and those with deliberate self-poisoning (DSP) episodes. The results of this study may be used to improve the efficacy of treatment for DSWC patients. Method: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 598 patients with DSWC and DSP who were treated at the emergency department of Seoul Saint Mary's Hospital between 2008 and 2013. We assessed sociodemographic information, clinical variables, the reasons for the suicide attempts, and the severity of the suicide attempts. Results: A total of 141 (23.6%) patients were included in the DSWC group, and 457 (76.4%) were included in the DSP group. A significantly greater number of patients in the DSWC group had previously attempted suicide (p = .014). A total of 63 patients (44.7%) in the DSWC group and 409 patients (89.5%) in the DSP group underwent psychiatric interviews. Conclusion: More DSWC patients had previously attempted suicide, but fewer of them underwent psychiatric interviews compared with the DSP patients.

Incidence of Completed and Attempted Suicide in Trabzon, Turkey

Crisis ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Bilici ◽  
Mehmet Bekaroğlu ◽  
Çiçek Hocaoğlu ◽  
Serhat Gürpınar ◽  
Cengiz Soylu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Public Prosecutor ◽  
Suicide Method ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
State Institute ◽  
The Public ◽  
Completed Suicide

Summary: Objective: Studies of completed and attempted suicide in Turkey are based on data of State Institute of Statistics (SIS) and emergency clinics of the large hospitals. This study seeks (1) to find, independent of the SIS and hospital data, the annual incidences of completed and attempted suicide in Trabzon, Turkey; (2) to examine the associated factors between the incidence of completed and attempted suicide. Method: The data are derived by using a method specially designed for this study. Data sources include emergency clinics in all hospitals, village clinics, the Forensic Medical Center of Trabzon, the Governorship of Trabzon, “mukhtars” (local village representatives) of neighborhoods, the Office of the Public Prosecutor of Trabzon, the Police Headquarters and Gendarmerie, and the local press organs. Results: The incidences of completed and attempted suicide per 100,000 inhabitants turned out to be 2.60 and 31.5, respectively, whereas the SIS reported the incidence of completed suicide to be 1.11 per 100,000 inhabitants in Trabzon in 1995. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that SIS data are inadequate for suicide research in Turkey. Our findings show that the risk of completed and attempted suicide is high in young, unmarried, and unemployed persons, and that these groups must be carefully evaluated for suicide risk. The study highlights the need for culture-specific research on suicidal behavior in Turkey.

Recurrent Adolescent Suicidal Behavior

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-608
Author(s):  
Matilda S. McIntire ◽  
Carol R. Angle ◽  
Richard L. Wikoff ◽  
Marilyn L. Schlicht
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Poison Control ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Emergency Room Visits ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Destructive Behavior ◽  
The Third ◽  
Completed Suicide

Suicide is the third leading cause of death among people in the age group 15 to 25 years.1 Self-destructive behavior in children and adolescents is a continuum that ranges from drug intoxications to gestures of low lethality to suicide attempts with high lethality of intent. In our survey of 1,100 self-poisonings in people aged 6 to 18 who were seen at poison control centers we found an incidence of 220 self-poisonings for every fatality.2 This is higher but comparable to other estimates of 50 to 150 suicide gestures for every reported death from suicide in the adolescent.3-6 Suicide attempts may account for 12% of all emergency room visits.7 This represents a public health problem of the first magnitude. It is ironically tragic that many of the adolescent suicide deaths are unintentioned-the victim did not really intend to die. In our collaborative poison study, for example, none of the six deaths could be called intended. The adolescents were not victims of suicide but of pharmacologic roulette. The single best correlate of suicidal risk appears to be lethality of intent. A diagnosis of suicide attempt, as contrasted to a gesture, implies both a lethality of intent coupled with a mature concept of death as an irreversible state. Lethality is defined by Shneidman8 as the probability of an individual's killing himself in the immediate future. In classifying all deaths as intentioned, subintentioned, and unintentioned as contrasted to the traditional classifications of natural, accidental, suicidal, and homicidal he has used the dimension of lethality to cut across the terms attempted, threatened, and completed suicide.

Risk of suicide after attempted suicide in the population of Slovenia from 1970 to 1996

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 396-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavko Ziherl ◽  
Bojan Zalar
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Frequency Table ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Commit Suicide

AbstractObjective:All suicide attempts cannot predict suicide, therefore we examined those characteristics of suicide attempt which could most accurately predict completed suicide.Subject and methods:Subjects were all individuals registered as committed suicides (N = 16,522) or attempted suicides (N = 15,057) in the register of suicides of the Republic of Slovenia between 1970 and 1996. Log linear analysis of a frequency table was used to uncover relationship between categorical variables.Results:The model we found fit between variables: mode, number of repetitions and type, then between number of repetitions, type and gender, and between mode, type and gender.Discussion:The risk of suicide in those who previously attempted suicide is approximately 773 times higher than the risk of suicide without a previous suicide attempt. Those who attempt suicide by hanging (hanging being in Slovenia the most frequent mode of completed suicide) are at even greater risk to commit suicide.Conclusion:Our data suggests that clinicians should heighten their awareness that any suicide attempt can in some 20% predict suicide. Someone who has attempted suicide by hanging is at the highest risk of suicide.

Suicide attempts with a focus on Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Emma Björkenstam ◽  
Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz ◽  
Armin Schmidtke
Keyword(s):  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Background Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Compulsory Registration

The comparison of international statistics on suicide attempts across European countries is challenged by differences in definitions and the lack of compulsory registration. Among studies, the WHO/EURO multicentre study on parasuicide provided comprehensive data on both the occurrence and background factors of suicide attempts in different European countries. Besides the WHO/EURO study, this text summarizes findings from other clinical and community surveys as well as nationwide register data. Additionally, data about the relationship between different components of the suicidal spectrum by examining the WHO Multisite Intervention Study on Suicidal Behaviours (SUPRE-MISS) is presented. Peculiarities of the inter-European variation in patterns and trends of the phenomenon and various social and psychiatric determinants are also described. The WHO/EURO study was continued as the MONSUE (monitoring suicidal behaviour in Europe) study, which supplied even more detailed data on specific risk groups. These can then be supported by tailor-made suicide prevention strategies.

scholarly journals S210. COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIPSYCHOTICS FOR RISK OF ATTEMPTED OR COMPLETED SUICIDE AMONG PERSONS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S118-S119
Author(s):  
Heidi Taipale ◽  
Markku Lähteenvuo ◽  
Antti Tanskanen ◽  
Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz ◽  
Jari Tiihonen
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia ◽  
Swedish Cohort

Abstract Background Suicidal attempts and suicide are rather common phenomena in persons with schizophrenia whom are 6–14 times more likely to die due to suicide than the general population. Very little is known on effectiveness of antipsychotics in preventing suicide attempts and completed suicides among patients with schizophrenia. Whether all antipsychotics are effective in preventing attempted or completed suicides also remains unclear. The objective of our study was to investigate comparative effectiveness of antipsychotics for risk of attempted or completed suicide among all patients with schizophrenia in Finland and Sweden. Methods Two nationwide register-based cohort studies were conducted including all individuals with schizophrenia in Finland (N=61889) and Sweden (N=29823). The Finnish cohort included all persons treated for schizophrenia in inpatient care (1972–2014), with follow-up for drug use and outcomes during 1996–2017. The Swedish cohort included all persons with treatment contact due to schizophrenia in inpatient or specialized outpatient care, sickness absence, or disability pension (2006–2013), with follow-up for drug use and outcomes during 2006–2016. The main exposure included the ten most commonly used antipsychotic monotherapies, and also adjunctive pharmacotherapies (antidepressants, mood stabilizers, lithium, benzodiazepines and related drugs were investigated). The main outcome measure was attempted or completed suicide which was analyzed with within-individual models by comparing use and non-use periods in the same individual. Sensitivity analyses were conducted by between-individual models, with attempted suicide (hospitalization only) as an outcome, and by censoring first 30 days from each exposure. Results are reported as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (95% CI). Results Compared with no use of antipsychotics, clozapine was the only antipsychotic therapy consistently associated with a decreased risk of suicidal outcomes. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI for attempted or completed suicide were 0.64 (95% CI 0.49–0.84) in the Finnish cohort, and 0.66 (0.43–0.99) in the Swedish cohort, and for attempted suicide 0.60 (0.46–0.79) in the Finnish cohort and 0.62 (0.40–0.95) in the Swedish cohort. No other antipsychotic was associated with a reduced risk of attempted and/or completed suicide than clozapine. Regarding adjunctive pharmacotherapies, benzodiazepines and Z-drugs were associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts or deaths (HRs for benzodiazepines 1.29–1.30 and 1.33–1.62 for Z-drugs, not reaching statistical significance in the Swedish cohort). Discussion The results from two large nationwide cohorts provide the first evidence on comparative real-world effectiveness of specific antipsychotics in the prevention of severe suicidal behavior. Clozapine was the only pharmacological treatment associated with a substantially decreased risk of attempted or completed suicide and should be considered as a first-line treatment for patients with suicidal ideation or behavior.

scholarly journals DSM-IV Axis II personality disorders and suicide and attempted suicide in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 209 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsheng Tong ◽  
Michael R. Phillips ◽  
Kenneth R. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundThere are meagre data on Axis II personality disorders and suicidal behaviour in China.AimsTo describe the prevalence of Axis II personality disorders in suicides and suicide attempts in China and to estimate risk for these outcomes associated with personality disorders.MethodPeople who died by suicide (n = 151), people who attempted suicide (n = 118) and living community controls (n = 140) were randomly sampled from four Chinese counties and studied using the Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II). We also determined the prevalence of subthreshold versions of ten DSM-IV personality disorders.ResultsAxis II personality disorders were present in 7% of the suicide group, 6% of the suicide attempt group and 1% of the control group. Threshold and subthreshold personality disorders had adjusted odds ratios (point estimates) in the range of 2.7–8.0 for suicide and for suicide attempts.ConclusionsAxis II personality disorders may confer increased risk for suicidal behaviour in China, but their low prevalence in the community and among people with suicidal behaviour suggests that other personality constructs such as select dimensional traits may be a more fruitful avenue for understanding and preventing suicide in China.

scholarly journals Rethinking pathways to completed suicide by female prisoners

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Oakes-Rogers ◽  
Karen Slade
Keyword(s):  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Interpersonal Trauma ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Prisoners ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Direct Trauma ◽  
Self Harm

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of trauma experience in pathways to self-harm or attempted suicide in female prisoners who died through self-inflicted death in England and Wales. Design/methodology/approach – Quantitative study using the Prison and Probation Ombudsmen’s independent reports on deaths in custody. In total, 32 cases of female self-inflicted death in custody were coded on the presence of direct or interpersonal trauma, presence of superficial self-harm (SSH), near-lethal self-harm (NLSH), suicide attempts and recent significant life event. The number of previous suicide attempts (PSAs) and age at time of death was recorded. Findings – Direct trauma is linked with repeated suicide attempts but recued the likelihood of SSH prior to suicide. Neither interpersonal trauma nor age increased likelihood of pre-suicide behaviours. NLSH was not predicted by either traumatic experience. Amongst these completed suicide cases, 56 per cent were not reported as having experienced trauma, 46 per cent had no recorded PSAs and 12 per cent also had no previous self-harm reported. Research limitations/implications – The small sample limited statistical power and specificity of classifications. Provides support for direct trauma in developing capacity for repeated suicidal behaviour as indicated in theoretical models of suicide (Joiner, 2005; O’Connor, 2011). Practical implications – Different pathways to suicide likely to exist for female prisoners and importance of trauma intervention services. Originality/value – Using cases of completed suicide in female prisoners to investigate the pathway to suicide from trauma through previous self-harm and attempted suicide.

Mortality and Further Suicidal Behaviour After an Index Suicide Attempt: a 10-Year Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheree J. Gibb ◽  
Annette L. Beautrais ◽  
David M. Fergusson
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Christchurch Hospital ◽  
National Mortality ◽  
Ongoing Support

Objective: To examine further suicide attempts and mortality in the 10 years after a suicide attempt requiring hospital admission. Method: Participants were a consecutive series of 3690 individuals admitted to Christchurch Hospital for attempted suicide during the 10-year period 1993–2002. Data were obtained on admissions to Christchurch Hospital for attempted suicide during the study period. Mortality subsequent to the index suicide attempt was established from the National Mortality Database. The influence of age, gender and method of index suicide attempt on mortality and further suicide attempts requiring hospitalization were examined. Results: Within 10 years, 28.1% of those who had been admitted for an index suicide attempt were readmitted for a further non-fatal suicide attempt, and 4.6% died by suicide. Risks and rates of readmission were higher in: females; those under 55; and those whose index attempt involved a method of low lethality. Risks and rates of suicide were higher in: males; those aged 25 and over; and those using an index suicide attempt method of high lethality. Risks and rates of readmission and mortality from suicide were highest in the first 2 years after the index attempt, although deaths and readmissions occurred throughout the 10 years study period. Conclusions: Those making suicide attempts requiring hospital admission are at high risk of further hospitalization for suicide attempt and of death from suicide. These findings suggest a need for ongoing support and monitoring, and for enhanced treatment and management of all those making suicide attempts which require hospital admission in an effort to reduce risks of further suicidal behaviour.

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