scholarly journals Suicide Attempts in Turkey: Results of the WHO—EURO Multicentre Study on Suicidal Behaviour

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halise Devrimci-Ozguven ◽  
Isık Sayıl
Keyword(s):  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Rapid Social Change ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Research Centres

Objective: To investigate the rate and method of attempted suicides in a catchment area in Turkey as part of the WHO–EURO Multicentre Study on Suicidal Behaviour. Method: All hospitals in the catchment area were screened to identify suicide attempts for 4 years between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2001. Results: In the 4-year period, 737 individuals attempted suicide (514 women and 223 men). The mean annual rate per 100 000 was 46.89 for men and 112.89 for women. The parasuicide rate increased by 93.59% between 1998 and 2001. The most frequent method used by both men and women was self-poisoning. Conclusion: Compared with the results from other European research centres, attempted suicide rates in Turkey were relatively low. However, the increase in rates was striking. This upward trend may be related to the intense economic difficulties, increasing unemployment, and rapid social change experienced in Turkey in recent years. The risk groups appeared to be younger and female. Information on author affiliations appears at the end of the article.

Suicide and Suicide Attempts in Ankara in 1998: Results of the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study of Suicidal Behaviour

Crisis ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isik Sayil ◽  
Halise Devrimci-Ozguven
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Group ◽  
State Institute ◽  
Completed Suicide

Summary: Background: The rates and associated basic demographic features of attempted and completed suicides in a catchment area in Turkey were investigated as part of the WHO/Euro Multicentre Study of Suicidal Behaviour. Method: All hospitals in the catchment area were screened in order to identify attempted suicides. Statistics for completed suicides were obtained from the State Institute of Statistics (SIS). Results: The rates of attempted and completed suicides per 100,000 inhabitants over 15 years of age were 31.9 for males and 85.6 for females, and 9.9 for males and 5.6 for females, respectively. The majority of attempted suicides were in the 15-24-year-old age group, as is the case in all other European countries. The majority of completed suicides were also in the 15-24-year-old age group, although in other European centers most completed suicides occur in the 40+ age group. The most frequent methods were overdose for attempted suicide and hanging for completed suicide. The rates of both attempted and completed suicides were lower than those of other participating centers in Europe. Conclusion: Male sex is a risk factor for completed suicide and female sex is a risk factor for attempted suicide, while an age of 15-24 years may be a risk factor for both groups.

Suicide attempts with a focus on Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Emma Björkenstam ◽  
Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz ◽  
Armin Schmidtke
Keyword(s):  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Background Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Compulsory Registration

The comparison of international statistics on suicide attempts across European countries is challenged by differences in definitions and the lack of compulsory registration. Among studies, the WHO/EURO multicentre study on parasuicide provided comprehensive data on both the occurrence and background factors of suicide attempts in different European countries. Besides the WHO/EURO study, this text summarizes findings from other clinical and community surveys as well as nationwide register data. Additionally, data about the relationship between different components of the suicidal spectrum by examining the WHO Multisite Intervention Study on Suicidal Behaviours (SUPRE-MISS) is presented. Peculiarities of the inter-European variation in patterns and trends of the phenomenon and various social and psychiatric determinants are also described. The WHO/EURO study was continued as the MONSUE (monitoring suicidal behaviour in Europe) study, which supplied even more detailed data on specific risk groups. These can then be supported by tailor-made suicide prevention strategies.

scholarly journals DSM-IV Axis II personality disorders and suicide and attempted suicide in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 209 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsheng Tong ◽  
Michael R. Phillips ◽  
Kenneth R. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundThere are meagre data on Axis II personality disorders and suicidal behaviour in China.AimsTo describe the prevalence of Axis II personality disorders in suicides and suicide attempts in China and to estimate risk for these outcomes associated with personality disorders.MethodPeople who died by suicide (n = 151), people who attempted suicide (n = 118) and living community controls (n = 140) were randomly sampled from four Chinese counties and studied using the Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II). We also determined the prevalence of subthreshold versions of ten DSM-IV personality disorders.ResultsAxis II personality disorders were present in 7% of the suicide group, 6% of the suicide attempt group and 1% of the control group. Threshold and subthreshold personality disorders had adjusted odds ratios (point estimates) in the range of 2.7–8.0 for suicide and for suicide attempts.ConclusionsAxis II personality disorders may confer increased risk for suicidal behaviour in China, but their low prevalence in the community and among people with suicidal behaviour suggests that other personality constructs such as select dimensional traits may be a more fruitful avenue for understanding and preventing suicide in China.

Mortality and Further Suicidal Behaviour After an Index Suicide Attempt: a 10-Year Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheree J. Gibb ◽  
Annette L. Beautrais ◽  
David M. Fergusson
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Christchurch Hospital ◽  
National Mortality ◽  
Ongoing Support

Objective: To examine further suicide attempts and mortality in the 10 years after a suicide attempt requiring hospital admission. Method: Participants were a consecutive series of 3690 individuals admitted to Christchurch Hospital for attempted suicide during the 10-year period 1993–2002. Data were obtained on admissions to Christchurch Hospital for attempted suicide during the study period. Mortality subsequent to the index suicide attempt was established from the National Mortality Database. The influence of age, gender and method of index suicide attempt on mortality and further suicide attempts requiring hospitalization were examined. Results: Within 10 years, 28.1% of those who had been admitted for an index suicide attempt were readmitted for a further non-fatal suicide attempt, and 4.6% died by suicide. Risks and rates of readmission were higher in: females; those under 55; and those whose index attempt involved a method of low lethality. Risks and rates of suicide were higher in: males; those aged 25 and over; and those using an index suicide attempt method of high lethality. Risks and rates of readmission and mortality from suicide were highest in the first 2 years after the index attempt, although deaths and readmissions occurred throughout the 10 years study period. Conclusions: Those making suicide attempts requiring hospital admission are at high risk of further hospitalization for suicide attempt and of death from suicide. These findings suggest a need for ongoing support and monitoring, and for enhanced treatment and management of all those making suicide attempts which require hospital admission in an effort to reduce risks of further suicidal behaviour.

scholarly journals Transcultural Differences in Risk Factors and in Triggering Reasons of Suicidal and Self-Harming Behaviour in Young People with and without a Migration Background

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6498
Author(s):  
Zeliha Özlü-Erkilic ◽  
Thomas Wenzel ◽  
Oswald D. Kothgassner ◽  
Türkan Akkaya-Kalayci
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young People ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
Migrant Children

Minors with and without migration background can have different risk factors and triggering reasons for self-harming and suicidal behaviour. We retrospectively analysed the data of 192 children and adolescents to investigate the transcultural differences in self-harming, as well as suicidal behaviour in Austrian, Turkish, and Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian (BCS)-speaking patients, who were treated in an emergency out-patient clinic in Vienna. Our results showed transcultural differences in both behaviours. In all groups, females had higher rates of suicide attempts and self-harming behaviour than males. While Turkish-speaking patients received treatment more often, after attempted suicide, Austrians and BCS-speaking patients needed treatment more often for acute stress disorder. Suicide attempts and self-harming behaviours were triggered most frequently by intrafamilial problems, but more frequently in migrant patients. Turkish-speaking patients were at a more than 2 times (OR = 2.21, 95%CI: 1.408–3.477) higher risk for suicide attempts, and were triggered almost 3 times (OR = 2.94, 95%CI: 1.632–5.304) more often by interfamilial conflicts. The suicide attempts of BCS-speaking minors were more often caused by relationship and separation crises (OR = 2.56, 95%CI: 1.148–5.705). These transcultural differences in suicidal and self-harming behaviour of minors, demand an increase of transcultural competence to provide optimal treatment of migrant children.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the Early Post-suicidal Period after Repeat Suicide Attempts in Patients with Mental Disorders

Doctor Ru ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
N.S. Rutkovskaya ◽  
◽  
V.K. Shamrey ◽  
E.S. Kurasov ◽  
A.I. Kolchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Retrospective Clinical Study ◽  
The Mean

Study Objective: To study characteristics of the early post-suicidal period after suicide attempts in patients with mental disorders. Study Design: This was a retrospective clinical study. Materials and Methods: The study looked at the characteristics of the early post-suicidal period after suicide attempts in a group of 260 subjects with mental disorders (schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, organic, affective, neurotic, addictive, or personality disorders, or intellectual disability). The mean age of patients who attempted suicide was 43.5 ± 17.7 years. The numbers of men and women were almost equal: 134 (51.5%) and 126 (48.5%), respectively (p>0.05). The mean duration of hospitalization was 42.7 ± 43.2 bed-days. The study methods included clinical examinations, psychopathological assessments, psychometrics, and statistical-mathematical methods. Study Results: The authors identified the following main types of early post-suicidal period: the critical type (n = 73, 28.1%) and denial of a suicide attempt (n = 55, 21.2%) were the most common and the analytical type (n = 23, 8.8%) was the least common. The study determined that 77 (29.6%) psychiatric inpatients with a history of attempting suicide made another attempt. The most common methods of attempted suicide in this group of patients included poisoning with medications (n = 41, 53.2%) and self-cutting (n = 26, 33.8%), and 40.3% were under the influence of alcohol at the time of the repeat suicide attempt. Among the patients who made a repeat suicide attempt, manipulative and suicide-fixated types of post-suicidal period were observed significantly more often. Patients with mental disorders who made repeat suicide attempts showed poor social adjustment in their professional life and overall attitude toward life. Conclusion: The characteristics of the post-suicidal period identified in patients with mental disorders who have made a repeat suicide attempt should be taken into consideration when planning and providing secondary preventive mental healthcare services. Further investigation of these characteristics in various groups of patients, combined with a search for predictive factors for repeat suicide attempts, as well as evaluation of the effectiveness of previously provided preventive mental health care, will make it possible to better tailor these services and reduce the overall risk of suicidal behavior in people with mental disorders. Keywords: suicide, repeat suicide attempt, type of post-suicidal period, mental disorder, social adjustment.

scholarly journals Predictive factors for the medical hospitalisation of patients who visited the emergency department with suicide attempt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Jin Kim ◽  
Duk Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Suicide is a significant public health problem. Individuals are estimated to make up to 20 suicide attempts before suicide. The emergency department (ED) is the first location where individuals are brought after a suicide attempt. This study investigated the factors related to delays in the medical hospitalisation of patients who attempted suicide and aimed to provide criteria for hospitalisation decisions by physicians. Methods This study included patients who had deliberately self-harmed (age ≥19 years) and presented at the EDs of two tertiary teaching hospitals between March 2017 and April 2020. Those for whom relevant demographic and clinical information were unavailable and those admitted to the psychiatric wards were excluded. Results This study included 414 patients in the hospitalisation group and 1,346 in the discharged group. The mean patient age was 50.3 ± 20.0 years and 40.7 ± 17.0 years in the hospitalised and discharged groups (p <0.001), respectively. The mean ED length of stay (LOS) was 4.2 ± 12.3 and 11.4 ± 18.8 h in the hospitalised and discharged groups, respectively. In the hospitalised group, the odds ratio and confidence interval for aged 35~64 (2.222, 1.343–3.678), aged over 65 (2.788, 1.416-5.492), sex -male (2.041, 1.302–3.119), and consciousness (1.840, 1.253–2.466). The Risk-Rescue Ratio Scale (RRRS) was (1.298, 1.255–1.343). A receiver operating characteristics analysis of RRRS for the decision to hospitalise patients who attempted suicide showed a cut-off value of 42, with sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve being 85.7%, 85.5%, and 0.924, respectively.Conclusion The level of consciousness and the RRRS of patients who attempted suicide can be the factors to decide medical hospitalisation and reduce ED LOS and crowding.

scholarly journals Predictive factors for the medical hospitalization of patients who visited to emergency department with suicide attempt

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Jin Kim ◽  
Duk Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Suicide is a significant public health problem. Individuals are estimated to make up to 20 suicide attempts before suicide. The emergency department (ED) is the first location where individuals are brought after a suicide attempt. This study investigated the factors related to delays in the medical hospitalization of patients who attempted suicide and aimed to provide criteria for hospitalization decisions for physicians. Methods This study included who had deliberately self-harmed (age ≥19 years) and who presented at the EDs of two tertiary teaching hospitals between March 2017 and April 2020. Those for whom relevant demographic and clinical information were unavailable and those who were admitted to the psychiatric wards were excluded. Results This study included 414 patients in the hospitalization group and 1,346 in the discharged group. The mean patient age was 50.3 ± 20.0 years and 40.7 ± 17.0 years in the hospitalized and discharged groups ( p <0.001), respectively. The mean ED length of stay (LOS) was 4.2 ± 12.3 and 11.4 ± 18.8 h in the hospitalized and discharged groups, respectively . In the hospitalized group, the odds ratio and confidence interval for aged 35~64 (2.222, 1.343–3.678), aged over 65 (2.788, 1.416-5.492), sex -male (2.041, 1.302–3.119), and consciousness (1.840, 1.253–2.466). The Risk-Rescue Ratio Scale (RRRS) was (1.298, 1.255–1.343). A receiver operating characteristics analysis of RRRS for the decision to hospitalize patients who attempted suicide showed a cut-off value of 42, with sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve being 85.7%, 85.5%, and 0.924, respectively. Conclusion The level of consciousness and the RRRS of patients who attempted suicide can be the factors to decide medical hospitalization and reduce ED LOS and crowding.

scholarly journals Body mass index in midlife and risk of attempted suicide and suicide: prospective study of 1 million UK women

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (13) ◽  
pp. 2279-2286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galit Geulayov ◽  
Anne Ferrey ◽  
Keith Hawton ◽  
Carol Hermon ◽  
Gillian K. Reeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Small Body ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Major Illness

AbstractBackgroundHigh body mass index (BMI) has been associated with lower risks of suicidal behaviour and being underweight with increased risks. However, evidence is inconsistent and sparse, particularly for women. We aim to study this relationship in a large cohort of UK women.MethodsIn total 1.2 million women, mean age 56 (s.d. 5) years, without prior suicide attempts or other major illness, recruited in 1996–2001 were followed by record linkage to national hospital admission and death databases. Cox regression yielded relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for attempted suicide and suicide by BMI, adjusted for baseline lifestyle factors and self-reported treatment for depression or anxiety.ResultsAfter 16 (s.d. 3) years of follow-up, 4930 women attempted suicide and 642 died by suicide. The small proportion (4%) with BMI <20 kg/m2 were at clearly greater risk of attempted suicide (RR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.23–1.56) and suicide (RR = 2.10, 1.59–2.78) than women of BMI 20–24.9 kg/m2; p < 0.0001 for both comparisons. Small body size at 10 and 20 years old was also associated with increased risks. Half the cohort had BMIs >25 kg/m2 and, while risks were somewhat lower than for BMI 20–24.9 kg/m2 (attempted suicide RR = 0.91, 0.86–0.96; p = 0.001; suicide RR = 0.79, 0.67–0.93; p = 0.006), the reductions in risk were not strongly related to level of BMI.ConclusionsBeing underweight is associated with a definite increase in the risk of suicidal behaviour, particularly death by suicide. Residual confounding cannot be excluded for the small and inconsistent decreased risk of suicidal behaviour associated with being overweight or obese.

scholarly journals Prevalence of suicidal behaviour and associated factors in a large sample of Chinese adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 280-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. C. Liu ◽  
H. Chen ◽  
Z. Z. Liu ◽  
J. Y. Wang ◽  
C. X. Jia
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Suicidal Thought ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Aims.Suicidal behaviour is prevalent among adolescents and is a significant predictor of future suicide attempts (SAs) and suicide death. Data on the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of suicidal behaviour in Chinese adolescents are limited. This study was aimed to examine the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of suicidal behaviour, including suicidal thought (ST), suicide plan (SP) and SA, in a large sample of Chinese adolescents.Method.This report represents the first wave data of an ongoing longitudinal study, Shandong Adolescent Behavior and Health Cohort. Participants included 11 831 adolescent students from three counties of Shandong, China. The mean age of participants was 15.0 (s.d. = 1.5) and 51% were boys. In November–December 2015, participants completed a structured adolescent health questionnaire, including ST, SP and SA, characteristics of most recent SA, demographics, substance use, hopelessness, impulsivity and internalising and externalising behavioural problems.Results.The lifetime and last-year prevalence rates were 17.6 and 10.7% for ST in males, 23.5 and 14.7% for ST in females, 8.9 and 2.9% for SP in males, 10.7 and 3.8% for SP in females, 3.4 and 1.3% for SA in males, and 4.6 and 1.8% for SA in females, respectively. The mean age of first SA was 12–13 years. Stabbing/cutting was the most common method to attempt suicide. Approximately 24% of male attempters and 16% of female attempters were medically treated. More than 70% of attempters had no preparatory action. Female gender, smoking, drinking, internalising and externalising problems, hopelessness, suicidal history of friends and acquaintances, poor family economic status and poor parental relationship were all significantly associated with increased risk of suicidal behaviour.Conclusions.Suicidal behaviour in Chinese adolescents is prevalent but less than that previously reported in Western peers. While females are more likely to attempt suicide, males are more likely to use lethal methods. Multiple child and family factors are associated with suicidal behaviour. These findings highlight the importance of early screening and intervention of suicidal behaviour in Chinese adolescents.

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