Preference for Other Persons’ Traits Is Dependent on the Kind of Social Relationship

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Abele ◽  
Susanne Brack
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Exchange Relationships ◽  
Mastery Goals ◽  
Mutual Dependence ◽  
Communal Relationships ◽  
Agency And Communion ◽  
Dual Perspective ◽  
Perspective Model ◽  
Selection Of

Three studies test the proposition that people appreciate others’ traits relative to the kind of relationship they have. Hypotheses are derived from the dual-perspective model, according to which the fundamental content dimensions of traits, agency, and communion are linked differently to the perspectives of actor versus observer; and that the kind of relationship between both persons is a moderator of the perspective-trait link. Study 1 shows that people generally prefer communal traits in others, and that agency traits are chosen less frequently in independence relationships than in unilateral dependence relationships than in mutual dependence relationships. Study 2 replicates the communion finding and reveals that – independent of respondents’ own agency and communion – agency traits are chosen less frequently in communal relationships than in exchange relationships. Study 3 shows that in both kinds of relationship well-being goals enhance the selection of communion traits, whereas mastery goals enhance the selection of agency traits.

scholarly journals The “Big Two” and Socially Induced Emotions: Agency and Communion Jointly Influence Emotional Contagion and Emotional Mimicry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Wróbel ◽  
Magda Piórkowska ◽  
Maja Rzeczkowska ◽  
Adrianna Troszczyńska ◽  
Aleksandra Tołopiło ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Contagion ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Agency And Communion ◽  
Dual Perspective ◽  
Perspective Model ◽  
Mixed Pattern

Three studies investigated the effects of two fundamental dimensions of social perception on emotional contagion (i.e., the transfer of emotions between people). Rooting our hypotheses in the Dual Perspective Model of Agency and Communion (Abele & Wojciszke, 2014), we predicted that agency would strengthen the effects of communion on emotional contagion and emotional mimicry (a process often considered a key mechanism behind emotional contagion). To test this hypothesis, we exposed participants to happy, sad, and angry senders characterized by low vs. high communion and agency. Our results demonstrated that, as expected, the effects of the two dimensions on socially induced emotions were interactive. The strength and direction of these effects, however, were consistent with our predictions only when the senders expressed happiness. When the senders expressed sadness, we found no effects of agency or communion on participants’ emotional responses, whereas for anger a mixed pattern emerged. Overall, our results align with the notion that emotional contagion and mimicry are modulated not only by the senders’ traits but also by the social meaning of the expressed emotion.

scholarly journals The “Big Two” and socially induced emotions: Agency and communion jointly influence emotional contagion and emotional mimicry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Wróbel ◽  
Magda Piórkowska ◽  
Maja Rzeczkowska ◽  
Adrianna Troszczyńska ◽  
Aleksandra Tołopiło ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Contagion ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Agency And Communion ◽  
Dual Perspective ◽  
Perspective Model ◽  
Mixed Pattern

AbstractThree studies investigated the effects of two fundamental dimensions of social perception on emotional contagion (i.e., the transfer of emotions between people). Rooting our hypotheses in the Dual Perspective Model of Agency and Communion (Abele and Wojciszke in Adv Exp Soc Psychol 50:198–255, 10.1016/B978-0-12-800284-1.00004-7, 2014), we predicted that agency would strengthen the effects of communion on emotional contagion and emotional mimicry (a process often considered a key mechanism behind emotional contagion). To test this hypothesis, we exposed participants to happy, sad, and angry senders characterized by low vs. high communion and agency. Our results demonstrated that, as expected, the effects of the two dimensions on socially induced emotions were interactive. The strength and direction of these effects, however, were consistent with our predictions only when the senders expressed happiness. When the senders expressed sadness, we found no effects of agency or communion on participants’ emotional responses, whereas for anger a mixed pattern emerged. Overall, our results align with the notion that emotional contagion and mimicry are modulated not only by the senders’ traits but also by the social meaning of the expressed emotion.

scholarly journals Physical activity as a therapeutic strategy in mental health: an integrative review with implication for nursing care

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno da Silva Lourenço ◽  
Maria Angélica de Almeida Peres ◽  
Isaura Setenta Porto ◽  
Rosane Mara Pontes de Oliveira ◽  
Virginia Faria Damásio Dutra
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Practical Effect ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This study is an integrative review with the aim to identify and describe the scientific evidence of the practical effect of physical activity in people with mental disorders. For the selection of articles, the databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, Cochrane and Scopus were used. The sample of this review consisted of eight articles. Their analysis resulted in the categories: obesity and metabolic syndrome, specialized nursing, sedentary and healthy lifestyles, support and social network, incentive to the practice of physical activity, and anxiety and physical activity. The benefits to physical health were partially elucidated by the sample. The implications for nursing care arise from the therapeutic efficacy of physical activity by people with mental disorders, adding individual and collective benefits that provide socialization and promotion of well-being.

scholarly journals Domains and Measurements of Healthy Aging in Epidemiological Studies: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. e294-e310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentian Lu ◽  
Hynek Pikhart ◽  
Amanda Sacker
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Health Indices ◽  
Security Questions ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Final Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Purpose of the Study Few studies have recommended the essential domains of healthy aging and their relevant measurement to assess healthy aging comprehensively. This review is to fill the gap, by conducting a literature review of domains and measures of healthy aging in epidemiological studies. Design and Methods A literature search was conducted up to March 31, 2017, supplemented by a search of references in all relevant articles in English. We made a final selection of 50 studies across 23 countries or regions. Results Nineteen studies applied Rowe and Kahn’s three standards to assess healthy aging. Thirty-seven studies measured physical capabilities mainly by (instrumental) activities of daily living. Cognitive functions were included in 33 studies. Nineteen of them applied Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Twenty-six studies considered metabolic and physiological health, but they mainly asked the self-reported absence of diseases. Twenty-four studies assessed psychological well-being by employing diverse scales. Questions about participation in social activities were mainly asked to measure social well-being in 22 studies. Sixteen studies considered individuals’ general health status, which was mainly measured by self-rated health. Security questions were asked in five studies. Health behaviors were taken into account by three studies. Fifteen studies either applied SF-12/36 or developed health indices to assess healthy aging. Implications This review summarizes detailed scales or methods that have been used to assess healthy aging in previous epidemiological studies. It also discusses and recommends the essential domains of healthy aging, and the relevant instruments for further epidemiological research to use in the assessment of healthy aging.

scholarly journals Agency and communion attributes in adults’ spontaneous self-representations

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Diehl ◽  
Stephanie K. Owen ◽  
Lise M. Youngblade
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Agency And Communion ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Group Self ◽  
Age And Sex

This study investigated agency and communion attributes in adults’ spontaneous self-representations. The study sample consisted of 158 adults (80 men, 78 women) ranging in age from 20 to 88 years. Consistent with theorising, significant age and sex differences were found in terms of the number of agency and communion attributes. Young and middle-aged adults included significantly more agency attributes in their self-representations than older adults; men listed significantly more agency attributes than women. In contrast, older adults included significantly more communion attributes in their self-representations than young adults, and women listed significantly more communion attributes than men. Significant Age Group × Self-Portrait Display and Sex × Self-Portrait Display interactions were found for communion attributes, indicating that the importance of communion attributes differed across age groups and by sex. Correlational analyses showed significant associations of agency and communion attributes with personality traits and defence mechanisms. Communion attributes also showed significant correlations with four dimensions of psychological well-being.

scholarly journals Self Esteem and General Well Being in Adolescents with Low vs High Emotional Competence

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarvdeep Kohli ◽  
Anjali Malik ◽  
Varsha Rani
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Competence ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Emotional Evaluation ◽  
Competence Scale ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Selection Of

An essential component of youths’ successful development is learning to appropriately respond to emotions, including the ability to recognize, identify and describe one’s feelings. Emotional competence refers to one’s ability to express or release one’s inner feelings or emotions. Self-esteem reflects a person’s overall subjective emotional evaluation of his or her own worth. It is a judgment of oneself as well as an attitude toward the self. General well being refers to the harmonious functioning of the physical as well as psychological aspects of the personality, giving satisfaction to the self and benefit to the society. The present study focuses on the self esteem and general well being in adolescents with low vs high emotional competence. For this purpose, first of all emotional competence scale was administered on 260 adolescents within the age range of 15-18 years, to identify the low emotionally competent and high emotionally competent adolescents. After the sample selection of 152 subjects (76 low emotionally competent and 76 high emotionally competent) Rosenberg’s Self-esteem scale and General well being scale were administered. Results indicate that high emotionally competent adolescents have high self-esteem and better general well being than low emotionally competent adolescents.

scholarly journals Identifying population segments for effective intervention design and targeting using unsupervised machine learning: an end-to-end guide

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1503
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Engl ◽  
Peter Smittenaar ◽  
Sema K. Sgaier
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision ◽  
Medical Male Circumcision ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
End To End ◽  
The Many ◽  
Missed Opportunity ◽  
Selection Of

One-size-fits-all interventions that aim to change behavior are a missed opportunity to improve human health and well-being, as they do not target the different reasons that drive people’s choices and behaviors. Psycho-behavioral segmentation is an approach to uncover such differences and enable the design of targeted interventions, but is rarely implemented at scale in global development. In part, this may be due to the many choices program designers and data scientists face, and the lack of available guidance through the process. Effective segmentation encompasses conceptualization and selection of the dimensions to segment on, which often requires the design of suitable qualitative and quantitative primary research. The choice of algorithm and its parameters also profoundly shape the resulting output and how useful the results are in the field. Analytical outputs are not self-explanatory and need to be subjectively evaluated and described. Finally, segments can be prioritized and targeted with matching interventions via appropriate channels. Here, we provide an end-to-end overview of all the stages from planning, designing field-based research, analyzing, and implementing a psycho-behavioral segmentation solution. We illustrate the choices and critical steps along the way, and discuss a case study of segmentation for voluntary medical male circumcision that implemented the method described here. Though our examples mostly draw on health interventions in the developing world, the principles in this approach can be used in any context where understanding human heterogeneity in driving behavior change is valuable.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Sources vs. an Air Quality Improvement in Urbanized Areas - the Metropolitan Area of Kraków Case

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Blazy ◽  
Jakub Błachut ◽  
Agnieszka Ciepiela ◽  
Rita Łabuz ◽  
Renata Papież
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Air Quality Improvement ◽  
The Government ◽  
Selection Of

The premise for the selection of the topic discussed in this article is the lack of research on the level of reduction of air pollutant emissions by the use of photovoltaic micro-installations in single-family buildings, both in Poland and other countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Therefore, the Authors made an attempt to estimate the scale of air pollution reduction (in particular CO2) in the area of the urbanized Metropolitan area of Krakow, which is one of the most polluted regions in Poland. The installation of photovoltaic panels on single-family buildings, co-financed by the government My Electricity Program, is the investment cost in improving the air quality in this region, and thus increasing the well-being of its inhabitants.

Bargaining with Jesus: Irony in Mark 5:1-20

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-251
Author(s):  
Andrew Burrow
Keyword(s):  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
New Host ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Selection Of

This study analyzes Mark 5:1-20 from the perspective of verbal and situational irony. 
I argue that three elements of irony in Mark 5:1-20 align with distinctive features of exorcisms in the ancient world: (1) the demons act as an exorcist against Jesus, who in turn will exorcise them; (2) the demons ask Jesus to consider their well-being when they have shown no concern for their host; (3) the demons believe that their selection of the swine as a new host will allow them to remain in the country of the Gerasenes, but it results in the destruction of the pigs. Additionally, using other ancient accounts of exorcism as comparative examples (those found in the Dead Sea Scrolls, Josephus, Lucian, Philostratus, the Papyri Graecae Magicae, and the Testament of Solomon), I show that Mark 5:1-20 differs in many ways and that those differences both elucidate and intensify its elements of irony.


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