100 years of occupational safety research: From basic protections and work analysis to a multilevel view of workplace safety and risk.

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Hofmann ◽  
Michael J. Burke ◽  
Dov Zohar
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Work Analysis ◽  
Safety Research

scholarly journals Current States and Future Trends in Safety Research of Construction Personnel: A Quantitative Analysis Based on Social Network Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 883
Author(s):  
Xiangcheng Meng ◽  
Alan H. S. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Main Path ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Main Path Analysis ◽  
Social Network Approach

The construction industry is recognized as a high-risk industry given that safety accidents and personnel injuries frequently occur. This study provided a systematic and quantitative review of existing research achievements by conducting social network approach to identify current states and future trends for the occupational safety of construction personnel. A total of 250 peer-reviewed articles were collected to examine the research on safety issues of workers in construction industry. Social network approach was applied to analyze the interrelationship among authors, keywords, and citations of these articles using VOS viewer and CitNetExplorer. A knowledge structure map was drawn using main path analysis (MPA) towards the collected papers, which was implemented by Pajek. In line with the findings of social network analysis, five research groups, and six keyword themes were identified in accordance with the times of cooperation of researchers and correlation among keywords of the papers. Core papers were identified by using main path analysis for each research domain to represent the key process and backbone for the corresponding area. Based on the finding of the research, significant implications and insights in terms of current research status and further research trends were provided for the scholars, thus helping generate a targeted development plan for occupational safety in construction industry.

scholarly journals The Community of Practice: A Method for Cooperative Learning of Occupational Health and Safety Inspectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1254-1268
Author(s):  
Luisella Gilardi ◽  
Maurizio Marino ◽  
Lidia Fubini ◽  
Antonella Bena ◽  
Elisa Ferro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Prevention Services ◽  
Questionnaire Result ◽  
Practice Methods

Background: Workplace injuries in Italy still occur despite laws and safety norms. We need to understand the causes rooted in the context and social conditions, and need to improve the practice of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) inspectors of the Workplace Safety and Prevention Services (WSPS) of the Italian regional health boards. The aims of this study were to describe the setting up of a Community of Practice (CoP) for the production of best practices for injury prevention and to evaluate the motivation of OSH inspectors for participating in the CoP and the effects of CoP participation on their professional practice. Methods: Two workplace injury stories underwent peer review during each CoP meeting. We evaluated the CoP using a focus group and a questionnaire. Result: Between 2014 and 2021, the CoP met in 18 workshops. Over the 8-year period, the CoP grew from 20 to 150 participants. Overall, 30 stories underwent peer review and were published on the institutional website. The focus group participants stated that the reasons why they participated in the CoP were the need to share experience and to tackle new challenges. Conclusion: The CoP was found to be useful for improving professional practice by strengthening professional identity and contributing to the production of new knowledge.

scholarly journals Integral risk assessment to optimize expenses for occupational safety measures at a machine-building enterprise

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Vitalii Bezsonnyi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Building Enterprise ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
Industrial Risks

In the absence of uniform and unified requirements for the assessment of industrial risks at an enterprise, the system approach remains the only tool for a comprehensive assessment of the workplace safety. Implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) system involves identifying, analyzing and reducing risks at the workplace. The purpose of the article is to calculate the minimum expenses for occupational safety measures and minimize production risks identified through the developed procedure for analyzing the hazards of the machine-building enterprise. The research methodology is based on the integrated use of qualitative and quantitative approaches to risk assessment, namely, structured assessment and integral assessment using the “rucksack problem” optimization model. The study identifies the risks that are most common and the most serious ones. The procedure of risk reduction is proposed, which is to determine the minimum costs for achieving each of the integral assessments for the machine-building enterprise. The practical value of work consists in the ability to directly apply the developed methodology for risk assessment at the enterprises of the machine-building industry, and to easily adapt the risk assessment procedure to other conditions.

Visual Performance and Occupational Safety Among Aging Workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 506-511
Author(s):  
Stephanie Hammond ◽  
Pamela G. Bowen ◽  
Melanie Gibbons Hallman ◽  
Karen Heaton
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Aging Workforce ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Health Nurse ◽  
Occupational Health Nurse ◽  
Aging Workers

With the rapid growth of the aging workforce, age-related conditions may negatively influence overall workplace safety and health among these workers and their employers. In this summary, we have outlined details about visual acuity, glare sensitivity, and contrast sensitivity, which are common age-related vision changes that can potentially affect their occupational safety. The occupational health nurse is well positioned to address these concerns by instructing aging workers about potential development of vision change and ensuring they receive the appropriate vision screening. By assisting employers to modify work environments to accommodate this population, the occupational health nurse can reduce the risk of injury, as well as positively impact the health of their aging workforce.

scholarly journals Regulation by Shaming: Deterrence Effects of Publicizing Violations of Workplace Safety and Health Laws

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 1866-1904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Press Releases ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Improve Compliance ◽  
Health Laws ◽  
Health Regulations

Publicizing firms’ socially undesirable actions may enhance firms’ incentives to avoid such actions. In 2009, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) began issuing press releases about facilities that violated safety and health regulations. Using quasi-random variation arising from a cutoff rule OSHA followed, I find that publicizing a facility’s violations led other facilities to substantially improve their compliance and experience fewer occupational injuries. OSHA would need to conduct 210 additional inspections to achieve the same improvement in compliance as achieved with a single press release. Evidence suggests that employers improve compliance to avoid costly responses from workers. (JEL J28, J81, K32, L51, M54)

NIOSH AutoROPS Latch and Release Mechanism: Second Generation

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. McKenzie ◽  
J. R. Etherton
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Protective Structures ◽  
Lock In ◽  
On Farm

Approximately 132 agricultural tractor overturn fatalities occur per year (Myers and Snyder, 1993). The use of rollover protective structures on farm tractors (ROPS), along with operator seat belt use, is the best known method for preventing these fatalities. One impediment to universal ROPS use, however, is low clearance situations, such as orchards and animal confinement buildings. To address the need for ROPS that are easily adapted to low clearance situations, the Division of Safety Research (DSR), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), developed a prototype automatically deploying, telescoping ROPS (AutoROPS). The NIOSH AutoROPS consists of two subsystems. The first is a retractable ROPS that is normally mounted to the tractor axle and latched in its lowered position for day-to-day use. The second subsystem is a sensor that monitors the operating angle and rate of roll on two axes of the tractor. If an overturn condition is detected by the sensor, the retracted ROPS will deploy and lock in the full upright position before ground contact. This paper discusses the second generation design of the latch and release mechanism (LRM) for the NIOSH AutoROPS and recommends key areas for future surveillance and design research to best facilitate reduction in farm rollover fatalities.

THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER MACHINE GUARDS – EXPLOITATION SAFETY

2017 ◽  
Vol 185 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-158
Author(s):  
Agnieszka UBOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Machine Construction ◽  
Damping Capacity ◽  
Thermoplastic Polymer ◽  
Atmospheric Factors ◽  
Selection Of

The machine construction sector uses from 2 to 5% of thermoplastic polymer produc-tion. This material is used to make small elements and big parts of equipment, includ-ing guards. The latter have mechanical vibration damping capacity, do not require any maintenance, are cheap and look attractive. Moreover, polymer guards are an essen-tial element of machines as they improve workplace safety. They are used in such ma-chines as lathes, milling machines, drills, extruding machines, presses and grinders. Pursuant to the Ordinance of the Minister of Labour and Social Policy on general provi-sions for safety and health at work, protective devices used in machines should be strong and durable so as to ensure the appropriate level of occupational safety. This is why the selection of the right material to make such devices is essential. Most fre-quently guards used in the market are steel frames with a polycarbonate screen or lam-inated safety glass. Other materials used to manufacture guards are poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS). Thermoplastics are characterised by high visual light transmittance (even up to 98% in the case of PMMA), easy treatment, pos-sibility to form any shape and resistance to atmospheric factors. However, they are also characterised by limited high temperature resistance, low fire resistance and high speed of fire propagation on their surface which may be dangerous for employees in case of fire. The article discusses the selection of appropriate material for the produc-tion of guards in the context of their exploitation in higher temperature conditions and examines threats posed by thermoplastics in fire conditions.

Managing Workplace Safety and Health

2013 ◽  
pp. 512-536
Author(s):  
Thomas Kniesner ◽  
John D. Leeth
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Worker Health ◽  
Safety And Health

This entry explicates how market forces incent managers to be concerned with worker health and safety. It also notes how supplementing market forces are government actions intended to improve work-related health and safety. These include the legal system under tort laws, states’ workers’ compensation insurance Programs, research into the causes of health hazards at the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and the federal government’s workplace regulations under the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). An important empirical conclusion emerging is that the labor market, via the additional compensation workers require for exposure to health and safety risks, provides the largest economic incentive for managers making workplace decisions involving worker health-related well being.

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