scholarly journals Stiffness and ATP recovery of stored red blood cells in serum

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhensong Xu ◽  
Wenkun Dou ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Yu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Transfusion Medicine ◽  
Conflicting Information ◽  
Atp Concentration ◽  
Fresh Rbcs

Abstract In transfusion medicine, there has been a decades-long debate about whether the age of stored red blood cells (RBCs) is a factor in transfusion efficacy. Existing clinical studies investigating whether older RBCs cause worse clinical outcomes have provided conflicting information: some have shown that older blood is less effective, while others have shown no such difference. The controversial results could have been biased by the vastly different conditions of the patients involved in the clinical studies; however, another source of inconsistency is a lack of understanding of how well and quickly stored RBCs can recover their key parameters, such as stiffness and ATP concentration, after transfusion. In this work, we quantitatively studied the stiffness and ATP recovery of stored RBCs in 37 °C human serum. The results showed that in 37 °C human serum, stored RBCs are able to recover their stiffness and ATP concentration to varying extents depending on how long they have been stored. Fresher RBCs (1–3 weeks old) were found to have a significantly higher capacity for stiffness and ATP recovery in human serum than older RBCs (4–6 weeks old). For instance, for 1-week-old RBCs, although the shear modulus before recovery was 1.6 times that of fresh RBCs, 97% of the cells recovered in human serum to have 1.1 times the shear modulus of fresh RBCs, and the ATP concentration of 1-week-old RBCs after recovery showed no difference from that of fresh RBCs. However, for 6-week-old RBCs, only ~70% of the RBCs showed stiffness recovery in human serum; their shear modulus after recovery was still 2.1 times that of fresh RBCs; and their ATP concentration after recovery was 25% lower than that of fresh RBCs. Our experiments also revealed that the processes of stiffness recovery and ATP recovery took place on the scale of tens of minutes. We hope that this study will trigger the next steps of comprehensively characterizing the recovery behaviors of stored RBCs (e.g., recovery of normal 2,3-DPG [2,3-Diphosphoglycerate]and SNO [S-nitrosation] levels) and quantifying the in vivo recovery of stored RBCs in transfusion medicine.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study, by Objective Quantization Using Microdensitometry, between Cardiac Pool Images Obtained Using Red Blood Cells Labeled in vivo with 99mTc and Using 99mTc-human Serum Albumin

RADIOISOTOPES ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 500-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michimasa MATSUO ◽  
Takayoshi UEHARA ◽  
Shinjiro YOSHIMOTO ◽  
Shoji NISHIYAMA ◽  
Shinji HASHIMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Blood Cells

Effect of high altitude and in vivo adenosine/(β)-adrenergic receptor blockade on ATP and 2,3BPG concentrations in red blood cells of avian embryos

1999 ◽  
Vol 202 (20) ◽  
pp. 2787-2795
Author(s):  
S. Dragon ◽  
C. Carey ◽  
K. Martin ◽  
R. Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Oxygen Affinity ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Avian Embryos ◽  
Atp Concentration

In chick embryos, developmental changes of the blood oxygen tension control hemoglobin (Hb) oxygen affinity via modulation of ATP and 2, 3BPG concentrations in red blood cells. Hypoxia, which is a normal developmental condition for late chick embryos, causes a decrease of the red cell ATP concentration (and increase of red cell oxygen affinity) as well as activation of 2,3BPG synthesis via cyclic AMP-dependent signaling. Adenosine and catecholamines have been implicated as signaling substances in these red cell responses. To assess the extent to which adenosine and catecholamines are involved in vivo in the control of red cell ATP/2,3BPG concentrations, day 13 chick embryos were treated for 24 h with adenosine A(2) and/or (β)-adrenergic receptor blockers and red cell ATP and 2,3BPG levels were determined. The data suggest that adaptive effects later in development in chick embryos induced by adenosine and catecholamines are vital. We have also tested whether avian embryos of the free-living, high-altitude, native white-tailed ptarmigan (Lagopus leucurus) alter their organic phosphate pattern in red cells in response to incubation at different altitudes. Embryos incubated at 3600–4100 m decrease their red cell ATP concentration much more rapidly than embryos of the same clutch incubated at 1600 m. From these data it can be inferred that the oxygen affinity of high altitude embryos will be adjusted to the altitude at which the eggs are incubated.

Ultrastructural observations on the in vitro cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum infected red blood cells

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 914-915
Author(s):  
D.J.P. Ferguson ◽  
A.R. Berendt ◽  
J. Tansey ◽  
K. Marsh ◽  
C.I. Newbold
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Amelanotic Melanoma ◽  
Cytoplasmic Process ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

In human malaria, the most serious clinical manifestation is cerebral malaria (CM) due to infection with Plasmodium falciparum. The pathology of CM is thought to relate to the fact that red blood cells containing mature forms of the parasite (PRBC) cytoadhere or sequester to post capillary venules of various tissues including the brain. This in vivo phenomenon has been studied in vitro by examining the cytoadherence of PRBCs to various cell types and purified proteins. To date, three Ijiost receptor molecules have been identified; CD36, ICAM-1 and thrombospondin. The specific changes in the PRBC membrane which mediate cytoadherence are less well understood, but they include the sub-membranous deposition of electron-dense material resulting in surface deformations called knobs. Knobs were thought to be essential for cytoadherence, lput recent work has shown that certain knob-negative (K-) lines can cytoadhere. In the present study, we have used electron microscopy to re-examine the interactions between K+ PRBCs and both C32 amelanotic melanoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).We confirm previous data demonstrating that C32 cells possess numerous microvilli which adhere to the PRBC, mainly via the knobs (Fig. 1). In contrast, the HUVEC were relatively smooth and the PRBCs appeared partially flattened onto the cell surface (Fig. 2). Furthermore, many of the PRBCs exhibited an invagination of the limiting membrane in the attachment zone, often containing a cytoplasmic process from the endothelial cell (Fig. 2).

The Ullrastructure of Platelet Participation in Hemostasis

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 065-083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley A. Johnson ◽  
Ronaldo S. Balboa ◽  
Harlan J. Pederson ◽  
Monica Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Mesenteric Vessels ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Electron Lucent

SummaryThe ultrastructure of platelet aggregation in vivo in response to bleeding brought about by transection of small mesenteric vessels in rats and guinea pigs has been studied. Platelets aggregate, degranulate and separating membranes disappear in parallel with fibrin appearance which is first seen at several loci after 30 seconds of bleeding. About 40 per cent of the electron opaque granules, some of which contain platelet factor 3 have disappeared after one minute of bleeding while the electron lucent granules increase by 70 per cent suggesting that some of them may be empty vesicles. Most of the platelet aggregates of the random type disappear leaving clumped red blood cells entrapped by a network of fibrin fibers which emanate from the remains of platelet aggregates of the rosette type to maintain hemostasis.

Cytotoxicity of chitosan ultrafine nanoshuttles on MCF-7 cell line as surrogate model for breast cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Faris ◽  
Gamaleldin I. Harisa ◽  
Fars K. Alanazi ◽  
Mohamed M. Badran ◽  
Afraa Mohammad Alotaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Mcf 7

Aim: This study aimed to explore an affordable technique for the fabrication of Chitosan Nanoshuttles (CSNS) at the ultrafine nanoscale less than 100 nm with improved physicochemical properties, and cytotoxicity on the MCF-7 cell line. Background: Despite several studies reported that the antitumor effect of CS and CSNS could achieve intracellular compartment target ability, no enough available about this issue and further studies are required to address this assumption. Objectives: The objective of the current study was to investigate the potential processing variables for the production of ultrafine CSNS (> 100 nm) using Box-Benhken Design factorial design (BBD). This was achieved through a study of the effects of processing factors, such as CS concentration, CS/TPP ratio, and pH of the CS solution, on PS, PDI, and ZP. Moreover, the obtained CSNS was evaluated for physicochemical characteristics, morphology Also, hemocompatibility, and cytotoxicity using Red Blood Cells (RBCs) and MCF-7 cell lines were investigated. Methods: Box-Benhken Design factorial design (BBD) was used in the analysis of different selected variables. The effects of CS concentration, sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) ratio, and pH on particle size, Polydispersity Index (PDI), and Zeta Potential (ZP) were measured. Subsequently, the prepared CS nanoshuttles were exposed to stability studies, physicochemical characterization, hemocompatibility, and cytotoxicity using red blood cells and MCF-7 cell lines as surrogate models for in vivo study. Result: The present results revealed that the optimized CSNS have ultrafine nanosize, (78.3±0.22 nm), homogenous with PDI (0.131±0.11), and ZP (31.9±0.25 mV). Moreover, CSNS have a spherical shape, amorphous in structure, and physically stable. Also, CSNS has biological safety as indicated by a gentle effect on red blood cell hemolysis, besides, the obtained nanoshuttles decrease MCF-7 viability. Conclusion: The present findings concluded that the developed ultrafine CSNS has unique properties with enhanced cytotoxicity. thus promising for use in intracellular organelles drug delivery.

scholarly journals Multimodal Diagnostics of Microrheologic Alterations in Blood of Coronary Heart Disease and Diabetic Patients

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Anastasia Maslianitsyna ◽  
Petr Ermolinskiy ◽  
Andrei Lugovtsov ◽  
Alexandra Pigurenko ◽  
Maria Sasonko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Aggregation Index ◽  
Significant Difference

Coronary heart disease (CHD) has serious implications for human health and needs to be diagnosed as early as possible. In this article in vivo and in vitro optical methods are used to study blood properties related to the aggregation of red blood cells in patients with CHD and comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The results show not only a significant difference of the aggregation in patients compared to healthy people, but also a correspondence between in vivo and in vitro parameters. Red blood cells aggregate in CHD patients faster and more numerously; in particular the aggregation index increases by 20 ± 7%. The presence of T2DM also significantly elevates aggregation in CHD patients. This work demonstrates multimodal diagnostics and monitoring of patients with socially significant pathologies.

scholarly journals Role of Calcium in Phosphatidylserine Externalisation in Red Blood Cells from Sickle Cell Patients

Anemia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Weiss ◽  
David Charles Rees ◽  
John Stanley Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Phosphatidylserine Exposure ◽  
Channel Inhibition ◽  
Cation Conductance ◽  
Gardos Channel ◽  
Cation Permeability

Phosphatidylserine exposure occurs in red blood cells (RBCs) from sickle cell disease (SCD) patients and is increased by deoxygenation. The mechanisms responsible remain unclear. RBCs from SCD patients also have elevated cation permeability, and, in particular, a deoxygenation-induced cation conductance which mediates entry, providing an obvious link with phosphatidylserine exposure. The role of was investigated using FITC-labelled annexin. Results confirmed high phosphatidylserine exposure in RBCs from SCD patients increasing upon deoxygenation. When deoxygenated, phosphatidylserine exposure was further elevated as extracellular [] was increased. This effect was inhibited by dipyridamole, intracellular chelation, and Gardos channel inhibition. Phosphatidylserine exposure was reduced in high saline. levels required to elicit phosphatidylserine exposure were in the low micromolar range. Findings are consistent with entry through the deoxygenation-induced pathway (), activating the Gardos channel. [] required for phosphatidylserine scrambling are in the range achievablein vivo.

Clock gene-independent daily regulation of haemoglobin oxidation in red blood cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Beale ◽  
Priya Crosby ◽  
Utham K. Valekunja ◽  
Rachel S. Edgar ◽  
Johanna E. Chesham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
The Body

AbstractCellular circadian rhythms confer daily temporal organisation upon behaviour and physiology that is fundamental to human health and disease. Rhythms are present in red blood cells (RBCs), the most abundant cell type in the body. Being naturally anucleate, RBC circadian rhythms share key elements of post-translational, but not transcriptional, regulation with other cell types. The physiological function and developmental regulation of RBC circadian rhythms is poorly understood, however, partly due to the small number of appropriate techniques available. Here, we extend the RBC circadian toolkit with a novel biochemical assay for haemoglobin oxidation status, termed “Bloody Blotting”. Our approach relies on a redox-sensitive covalent haem-haemoglobin linkage that forms during cell lysis. Formation of this linkage exhibits daily rhythms in vitro, which are unaffected by mutations that affect the timing of circadian rhythms in nucleated cells. In vivo, haemoglobin oxidation rhythms demonstrate daily variation in the oxygen-carrying and nitrite reductase capacity of the blood, and are seen in human subjects under controlled laboratory conditions as well as in freely-behaving humans. These results extend our molecular understanding of RBC circadian rhythms and suggest they serve an important physiological role in gas transport.

Permeation of the luminal capillary glycocalyx is determined by hyaluronan

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (2) ◽  
pp. H508-H514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmaine B. S. Henry ◽  
Brian R. Duling
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Endothelial Surface ◽  
The Difference

The endothelial cell glycocalyx influences blood flow and presents a selective barrier to movement of macromolecules from plasma to the endothelial surface. In the hamster cremaster microcirculation, FITC-labeled Dextran 70 and larger molecules are excluded from a region extending almost 0.5 μm from the endothelial surface into the lumen. Red blood cells under normal flow conditions are excluded from a region extending even farther into the lumen. Examination of cultured endothelial cells has shown that the glycocalyx contains hyaluronan, a glycosaminoglycan which is known to create matrices with molecular sieving properties. To test the hypothesis that hyaluronan might be involved in establishing the permeation properties of the apical surface glycocalyx in vivo, hamster microvessels in the cremaster muscle were visualized using video microscopy. After infusion of one of several FITC-dextrans (70, 145, 580, and 2,000 kDa) via a femoral cannula, microvessels were observed with bright-field and fluorescence microscopy to obtain estimates of the anatomic diameters and the widths of fluorescent dextran columns and of red blood cell columns (means ± SE). The widths of the red blood cell and dextran exclusion zones were calculated as one-half the difference between the bright-field anatomic diameter and the width of the red blood cell column or dextran column. After 1 h of treatment with active Streptomyces hyaluronidase, there was a significant increase in access of 70- and 145-kDa FITC-dextrans to the space bounded by the apical glycocalyx, but no increase in access of the red blood cells or in the anatomic diameter in capillaries, arterioles, and venules. Hyaluronidase had no effect on access of FITC-Dextrans 580 and 2,000. Infusion of a mixture of hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate after enzyme treatment reconstituted the glycocalyx, although treatment with either molecule separately had no effect. These results suggest that cell surface hyaluronan plays a role in regulating or establishing permeation of the apical glycocalyx to macromolecules. This finding and our prior observations suggest that hyaluronan and other glycoconjugates are required for assembly of the matrix on the endothelial surface. We hypothesize that hyaluronidase creates a more open matrix, enabling smaller dextran molecules to penetrate deeper into the glycocalyx.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stromal cells can be applied to red blood cells storage as a kind of cellular additive

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaozhen Chen ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Shunli Gu ◽  
Dandan Yin ◽  
Qunxing An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Diminished Capacity ◽  
Blood Banks ◽  
Citrate Phosphate

During storage in blood banks, red blood cells (RBCs) undergo the mechanical and metabolic damage, which may lead to the diminished capacity to deliver oxygen. At high altitude regions, the above-mentioned damage may get worse. Thus, more attention should be paid to preserve RBCs when these components need transfer from plain to plateau regions. Recently, we found that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) could rescue from anemia, and MSCs have been demonstrated in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation to reconstitute hematopoiesis in vivo by us. Considering the functions and advantages of MSCs mentioned above, we are trying to find out whether they are helpful to RBCs in storage duration at high altitudes. In the present study, we first found that mice MSCs could be preserved in citrate phosphate dextrose adenine-1 (CPDA-1) at 4 ± 2°C for 14 days, and still maintained great viability, even at plateau region. Thus, we attempted to use MSCs as an available supplement to decrease RBCs lesion during storage. We found that MSCs were helpful to support RBCs to maintain biochemical parameters and kept RBCs function well on relieving anemia in an acute hemolytic murine model. Therefore, our investigation developed a method to get a better storage of RBCs through adding MSCs, which may be applied in RBCs storage as a kind of cellular additive into preservation solution.

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