Distinct cord blood C-peptide, adipokine, and lipidomic signatures by in utero HIV exposure

Background and Aims: Cord blood leptin may reflect the leptinemic status of a newborn at birth more accurately than the leptin values of blood collected from other sites. The present study was undertaken to determine the relationship of cord serum leptin concentration at birth with neonatal and maternal anthropometric parameters. Materials and Methods: Blood was taken from the umbilical cord of the babies at delivery. Maternal anthropometric measurements were recorded at admission for delivery. Neonatal anthropometric measurements were recorded within 48 hours after delivery. Linear regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between cord serum leptin concentration and anthropometric parameters of the baby and the mother. Both Serum leptin and serum C-peptide levels were measured by chemiluminescence-based ELISA method. Results: The leptin concentration (ng/ml, mean±SD) in cord blood was 39.13±14.44. Cord leptin levels correlated with birth weight (r=0.673, p<0.0001), ponderal index (r=0.732, p<0.0001) but it did not correlate with maternal body mass index, gestational age (r=0.135, p=0.349) at delivery or cord serum C-peptide concentration (r=-0.049, p=0.735) or placental weight (r=0.203, p=0.157). Conclusion: There are associations between cord leptin concentration at delivery and birth weight, ponderal index (PI) of the babies but not body mass index (BMI) of the mothers. High leptin levels of the baby could represent an important feedback modulator of substrate supply and subsequently for adipose tissue status during late gestation. (J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2007; 25 : 9-13)

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HIV Exposure In Utero and Metabolic Disease Risk in HIV-Negative Young Adults

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct04132830 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Disease ◽

Young Adults ◽

Disease Risk ◽

In Utero ◽

Metabolic Disease Risk ◽

Hiv Exposure ◽

Hiv Negative

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In utero or ex utero cord blood collection: an unresolved question

Transfusion ◽

10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00459.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 43 (8) ◽

pp. 1174-1176 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pilar Solves ◽

Rosa Moraga ◽

Vicente Mirabet ◽

Luis Larrea ◽

Ma Angeles Soler

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

In Utero ◽

Blood Collection ◽

Unresolved Question ◽

Cord Blood Collection

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In Utero Transplantation of Human Cord Blood Cells into Rabbits

Transplantation Journal ◽

10.1097/01.tp.0000163503.12780.5e ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 80 (2) ◽

pp. 282-283 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Georg S. Wengler ◽

Guerino Lombardi ◽

Tiziana Frusca ◽

Daniele Alberti ◽

Alberto Albertini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Blood Cells ◽

In Utero ◽

Human Cord Blood ◽

In Utero Transplantation ◽

Cord Blood Cells

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The role of maternal diet on offspring hyperinsulinaemia and adiposity after birth: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials

Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease ◽

10.1017/s2040174421000623 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Sylvia North ◽

Catherine Crofts ◽

Christian Thoma ◽

Caryn Zinn

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Randomised Controlled Trials ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Maternal Diet ◽

Specific Effect ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

C Peptide ◽

Blood Insulin ◽

Randomised Controlled

Abstract In utero diet may be directly related to the risk of fetal hyperinsulinaemia and offspring metabolic health. This review examines the relationship between maternal dietary exposures and sub-clinical fetal hyperinsulinaemia and neonatal adiposity. Articles were identified in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Controlled Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SCOPUS, and SPORTDiscus (September 2019–March 2021) using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. PROSPERO registration ID CRD42020146453. Studies were selected by two independent reviewers. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) involving a dietary intervention with pregnant women (healthy pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus and obesity) and reporting fetal cord-blood insulin, c-peptide, glucose or adiposity estimates were included. One author extracted all information on main study characteristics and outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s bias risk assessment tool. A total of 733 articles were identified. Fourteen articles from 11 RCTs (3614 participants) were included. Studies reviewed showed no specific effect of maternal diet on neonatal cord blood insulin, c-peptide or glucose levels. Infants born to mothers who followed a low glycaemic load (GL) had lower skin fold thickness compared to controls. Interventions that provided individualised nutrition counselling to women with obesity or previous infant born > 4 kg were also associated with lower adiposity. The studies reviewed suggest that lifestyle-based dietary interventions to improve glycaemia (low GL) have a protective effect against excess adiposity. Future studies should incorporate multi-modal interventions with dietary counselling to support lifestyle changes throughout gestation and include assessments of maternal insulin resistance at recruitment.

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Transcriptional Activity of Human Endogenous Retroviruses in Response to Prenatal Exposure of Maternal Cigarette Smoking

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1675768 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (10) ◽

pp. 1060-1065 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Massimiliano Bergallo ◽

Ilaria Galliano ◽

Valentina Daprà ◽

Alice Pirra ◽

Paola Montanari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Methylation ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Umbilical Cord Blood ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

Transcriptional Activity ◽

In Utero ◽

Endogenous Retroviruses ◽

Human Endogenous Retrovirus ◽

Human Umbilical Cord

Objective Transcription of human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) elements is usually suppressed by epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation and heterochromatin silencing by histone modifications. There is an association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and DNA methylation levels in placental tissue and in DNA from cord blood. Study Design We assessed the transcriptional activity of HERV-H, HERV-K, and HERV-W in umbilical cord blood from 47 term babies unexposed to tobacco smoke in utero and 23 term babies exposed to tobacco smoke in utero. Results In our population, the HERV-H, HERV-K, and HERV-W families were always transcriptionally active, and the levels of all HERVs (H, K, W) were significantly higher in unexposed than smoke-exposed babies. Conclusion This study provides preliminary information about the transcriptional activity of HERV-H, HERV-K, and HERV-W families in human umbilical cord blood.

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In utero exposure to lead and cord blood total IgE. Is there a connection?

Allergy ◽

10.1034/j.1398-9995.2003.00111.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 58 (7) ◽

pp. 589-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

I. Annesi-Maesano ◽

R. Pollitt ◽

G. King ◽

J. Bousquet ◽

G. Hellier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

In Utero ◽

In Utero Exposure ◽

Total Ige

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IN UTERO TRANSPLANTATION OF HUMAN STEM CELLS USING AN ANIMAL MODEL: A COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO TECHNIQUES

Cluj Veterinary Journal ◽

10.52331/cvj.v15i1.2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 5-10

Author(s):

Daria GROZA ◽

Emoke PALL ◽

Mihai CENARIU ◽

Raul POP ◽

Nicolae Nicolae ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Loss Rate ◽

Fetal Loss ◽

In Utero ◽

Needle Puncture ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

In Utero Transplantation ◽

Blood Stem Cells ◽

Cord Blood Stem Cells

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of in utero stem cell transplantation of human umbilical cord blood stem cells in fetal sheep and to compare two different techniques of in utero transplantation, namely ultrasound-guided in utero transplantation and in utero transplantation after midline celiotomy. Study design: Umbilical cord blood units were collected from term deliveries, after obtaining written informed consent. Human cord blood–derived, CD34+ stem cells were injected into the peritoneal cavity of 60- to 65-day-old ovine fetuses by using 2 different techniques: ultrasound-guided transabdominal percutaneous needle puncture and midline celiotomy with the exposure of the pregnant uterus. Engraftment was determined after birth by flow cytometry with use of human-specific anti-CD 34/45 antibodies. Results: We obtained a total of 3 chimeric lambs. Using the midline celiotomy technique the fetal loss rate was 75% and only 33,3% when using ultrasound-guided transabdominal percutaneous needle puncture technique. Engraftment of donor cells was found in all fetuses, with a mean level of 1.4% in fetal peripheral blood and 3.3% in fetal bone marrow. Conclusion: This preliminary study indicates that in utero stem cell transplantation of human hematopoietic cord blood stem cells in fetal lambs is feasible and effective in terms of hematopoietic engraftment. We also concluded that the ultrasound-guided transabdominal percutaneous needle puncture technique is more effective than performing a midline celiotomy in terms of fetal loss rate.

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Leptin levels at birth and infant growth: the EPOCH study

Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease ◽

10.1017/s204017441400021x ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 214-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

J. L. Kaar ◽

J. T. Brinton ◽

T. Crume ◽

R. F. Hamman ◽

D. H. Glueck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

In Utero ◽

Feedback Mechanism ◽

Infant Growth ◽

Sufficient Evidence ◽

First Year ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Maternal Overweight

Objective: To examine the association of cord blood leptin with body mass index (BMI) growth velocity from birth to 12 months of age among infants exposed and not exposed to over-nutrition in utero (defined as maternal overweight/obesity or presence of gestational diabetes). Methods: 185 infants enrolled in the Exploring Perinatal Outcomes among Children study (76 exposed and 109 not exposed) had leptin and insulin measured in cord blood. Longitudinal weight and length measures in the first 12 months of life (average 4 per participant) obtained from medical records were used to compute BMI growth rates. Mixed models were used to examine associations of cord blood leptin with growth. Results: Compared with unexposed infants, those exposed had significantly higher cord blood insulin (8.64 v. 6.97 uU/ml, P<0.01) and leptin levels (8.89 v. 5.92 ng/ml, P=0.05) as well as increased birth weights (3438.04 v. 3306.89 g, P=0.04). There was an inverse relationship between cord leptin levels and BMI growth from birth to 12 months of age (P=0.005); however, exposure to over-nutrition in utero did not significantly modify this association (P=0.59). Conclusion: We provide support of a possible operational feedback mechanism by which lower cord blood leptin levels are associated with faster infant growth in the first year of life. Our data do not tend to support the hypothesis that this mechanism is altered in infants exposed to over-nutrition in utero; however our sample is too small to provide sufficient evidence. Larger epidemiological studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for increased propensity for obesity in exposed offspring.

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