A longitudinal association between the traditional Japanese diet score and incidence and mortality of breast cancer—an ecological study

Abstract Background Traditional Japanese diets are considered to be one cause of Japanese health and longevity. We created a Traditional Japanese Diet Score (TJDS) and investigated the relationship between the TJDS and cancer during more than 20 years using global database. Methods Total cancer incidence and mortality by country were identified from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 database. Average food supply (g/day/capita) and energy supply (kcal/day/capita) by country were obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations database. The TJDS by country was calculated from nine food groups, the higher scores mean the more adherence to traditional Japanese diet. That is beneficial food groups (rice, fish, soybeans, vegetables, eggs, seaweed) gave positive points to high supply amount, and food groups not commonly used in the Japanese diet (wheat, milk, and red meat) gave minus points to high supply amount. The longitudinal associations between the TJDS and cancer incidence and mortality controlled for covariates were examined during 23 years from 1990 to 2013. The country covered by this study was 139 countries with populations of 1 million or greater. Results The TJDS was negatively associated with cancer incidence and mortality longitudinally in a linear mixed-effect model controlled for covariates. Conclusions These results suggest that greater adherence with the TJDS supressed cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. Key messages Well-balanced eating habits like traditional Japanese diets is important for suppressing cancer.

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Anticancer Potential of Calli Versus Seedling Extracts Derived from Rosmarinus officinalis and Coleus hybridus

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1389201021666200318114817 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (14) ◽

pp. 1528-1538

Author(s):

Sarah Albogami ◽

Hadeer Darwish ◽

Hala M. Abdelmigid ◽

Saqer Alotaibi ◽

Ahmed Nour El-Deen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Transcriptional Profiling ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Mcf 7

Background: In Saudi Arabia, the incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer are high. Although current treatments are effective, breast cancer cells develop resistance to these treatments. Numerous studies have demonstrated that active compounds in plant extracts, such as the phenolic compound Rosmarinic Acid (RA), exert anti-cancer effects. Objective: We investigated the anticancer properties of methanolic crude extracts of seedlings and calli of Rosmarinus officinalis and Coleus hybridus, two Lamiaceae species. Methods: MCF-7 human breast cancer cells were treated with methanolic crude extracts obtained from plant calli and seedlings generated in vitro, and cell proliferation was evaluated. Transcriptional profiling of the seedling and callus tissues was also conducted. Results: The mRNA expression levels of RA genes were higher in C. hybridus seedlings than in R. officinalis seedlings, as well as in C. hybridus calli than in R. officinalis calli, except for TAT and C4H. In addition, seedling and callus extracts of both R. officinalis and C. hybridus showed anti-proliferative effects against MCF-7 cells after 24 or 48 h of treatment. Discussion: At a low concentration of 10 μg/mL, C. hybridus calli and seedling extracts showed the most significant anti-proliferative effects after 24 and 48 h of exposure (p < 0.01); controls (doxorubicin) also showed significant inhibition, but lesser than that observed with C. hybridus (p < 0.05). Results with R. officinalis callus and seedling extracts did not significantly differ from those with untreated cells. Conclusion: Methanolic extracts of R. officinalis and C. hybridus are potentially valuable options for breast cancer treatment.

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Identification of biomarkers and functional modules from genomic data in stage-wise breast cancer

Current Bioinformatics ◽

10.2174/1574893615999200922123104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Athira K ◽

Vrinda C ◽

Sunil Kumar P V ◽

Gopakumar G

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Differential Expression Analysis ◽

Predictive Biomarkers ◽

Stage I ◽

Stage Ii ◽

Stage Iii ◽

Functional Modules ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Multiple Stages

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women across the world, with high incidence and mortality rates. Being a heterogeneous disease, gene expression profiling based analysis plays a significant role in understanding breast cancer. Since expression patterns of patients belonging to the same stage of breast cancer vary considerably, an integrated stage-wise analysis involving multiple samples is expected to give more comprehensive results and understanding of breast cancer. Objective: The objective of this study is to detect functionally significant modules from gene co-expression network of cancerous tissues and to extract prognostic genes related to multiple stages of breast cancer. Methods: To achieve this, a multiplex framework is modelled to map the multiple stages of breast cancer, which is followed by a modularity optimization method to identify functional modules from it. These functional modules are found to enrich many Gene Ontology terms significantly that are associated with cancer. Result and Discussion: predictive biomarkers are identified based on differential expression analysis of multiple stages of breast cancer. Conclusion: Our analysis identified 13 stage-I specific genes, 12 stage-II specific genes, and 42 stage-III specific genes that are significantly regulated and could be promising targets of breast cancer therapy. That apart, we could identify 29, 18 and 26 lncRNAs specific to stage I, stage II and stage III respectively.

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Serum Carboxypeptidase N1 Serves as a Potential Biomarker Complementing CA15-3 for Breast Cancer

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520620666200703191135 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (17) ◽

pp. 2053-2065

Author(s):

Ranliang Cui ◽

Chaomin Wang ◽

Qi Zhao ◽

Yichao Wang ◽

Yueguo Li

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Critical Concentration ◽

Tumour Size ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Potential Biomarker ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Combined Detection

Background: The incidence and mortality of breast cancer are increasing annually. Breast cancer seriously threatens women's health and quality of life. We aimed to measure the clinical value of CPN1, a new serum marker of breast cancer and to evaluate the efficacy of CPN1 in combination with CA15-3. Methods: Seventy samples of breast cancer with lymph node metastasis, seventy-three samples of nonmetastatic breast cancer and twenty-five samples of healthy human serum were collected. Serum CA15-3 concentration was determined by Roche Elecsys, and serum CPN1 concentration was determined by ELISA. Results: In breast cancer patients, serum CPN1 concentration was positively correlated with tumour size, clinical stage and CA15-3 concentration (r = 0.376, P<0.0001). ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal critical concentration of CPN1 for breast cancer diagnosis was 32.8pg/ml. The optimal critical concentration of CPN1 in the diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer was 66.121pg/ml. CPN1 has a greater diagnostic ability for breast cancer (AUCCA15-3=0.702 vs. AUCCPN1=0.886, P<0.0001) and metastatic breast cancer (AUCCA15-3=0.629 vs. AUCCPN1=0.887, P<0.0001) than CA15-3, and the combined detection of CA15-3 and CPN1 can improve the diagnostic efficiency for breast cancer (AUCCA15-3+CPN1=0.916) and for distinguishing between metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer (AUCCA15-3+CPN1=0.895). Conclusion: CPN1 can be used as a new tumour marker to diagnose and evaluate the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. The combined detection of CPN1 and CA15-3 is more accurate and has a certain value in clinical application.

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