scholarly journals Asian monsoon rainfall variation during the Pliocene forced by global temperature change

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanlin Wang ◽  
Huayu Lu ◽  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Hongyan Zhang ◽  
Fang Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon Rainfall ◽  
Global Temperature ◽  
Central China ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Rainfall Variation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Temperature Change

AbstractThe Asian monsoon variations under global temperature changes during the Pliocene are still debated. Here we use a sedimentary record of phytoliths (plant silica) from the Weihe Basin, central China, to explore the history of C4 grasses and quantitatively reconstruct the Asian monsoon climate since the late Miocene. Our results show that C4 grasses have been a dominant grassland component since ~11.0 Ma. A subsequent marked decrease in warm- and humid-adapted C4 grasses and an increase in cool- and dry-adapted C3 grasses occurred in the Pliocene, ~4.0 Ma; the phytolith-based quantitative reconstruction of mean annual precipitation marked a decrease from 800~1673 mm to 443~900 mm, indicating a reduction in Asian monsoon rainfall in the Pliocene. Our newly obtained records conflict with the hypothesis that the growth of the Tibetan Plateau strengthened the Asian monsoon rainfall. Nevertheless, they emphasize the importance of global temperature as a determinant of Pliocene Asian monsoon variations.

Thermochronology quantifying exhumation history of the Wudang Complex in the South Qinling Orogenic Belt, central China

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 893-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUANBO SHEN ◽  
DI HU ◽  
CHUN SHAO ◽  
LIANFU MEI
Keyword(s):  
Distance Effect ◽  
Central China ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Yangtze Craton ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
South Qinling ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exhumation History

AbstractThe Wudang Complex located in the central part of South Qinling, has been inferred to be a segment of the Yangtze Craton involved in the orogen. In this study, the cooling/exhumation history of the Wudang Complex is revealed through combined published geochronology data and new apatite fission-track results. Three rapid exhumation episodes related to relevant geodynamic events have been identified. Previous40Ar–39Ar and (U–Th)/He data indicate that the most significant exhumation, induced by the collision between the North and South China Blocks, occurred fromc.237 to 220 Ma after long-term subsidence and sedimentation of the passive continental margin. The second exhumation event, related to the long-distance effect of the Pacific subduction, occurred during the period fromc.126 to 90 Ma. Following the late Cretaceous – Eocene peneplanation stage, the final late Cenozoic exhumation sincec.15 Ma may be attributed to the combined effect of the eastward growth of the Tibetan Plateau uplift and the Asian monsoon.

Modelling the Interaction between Tibet and Climate and Biosphere during the Cenozoic.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Valdes ◽  
Alex Farnsworth ◽  
Tao Su ◽  
Robert Spicer ◽  
Lin Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Monsoon System ◽  
Uplift History ◽  
Climate Model Simulations ◽  
High Resolution Models

<p>The Cenozoic uplift history of Tibet and its impact on the Asian monsoon and vegetation is complex. The building of the Tibetan Plateau is not a simple story of the rise of a single geological entity driven by the relentless northward passage of India as depicted in numerous modelling exercises, but was a complex process involving a succession of collisions of several Gondwanan terranes with Asia. The talk will review our current understanding of the uplift history of Tibet and show new climate model simulations of how Tibet has influenced climate, vegetation and biodiversity in the region. We make use of isotope-enabled Earth System models, as well as high resolution models to show that the complex history of Tibet has important consequences for understanding the evolution of both the summer and winter Asian monsoon. We show that post-Oligocene growth of north and north-eastern Tibet is crucial for the evolution of vegetation and biodiversity in the region by altering the strength of the winter monsoon system over Asia.</p>

scholarly journals Investigation of the "Elevated Heat Pump" hypothesis of the Asian monsoon using satellite observations

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 10125-10156 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Wonsick ◽  
R. T. Pinker ◽  
Y. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon Rainfall ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Western China ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Asian Monsoon Region

Abstract. In recent years, the "Elevated Heat Pump" (EHP) hypothesis has been a topic of intensive research and controversy. It postulates that aerosol-induced anomalous mid- and upper-tropospheric warming above the Tibetan Plateau leads to an early onset and intensification of Asian monsoon rainfall. The finding is primarily based on results from a NASA Finite-Volume General Circulation Model run with and without radiative forcing from different types of aerosols. In particular, black carbon emissions from sources in Northern India and dust from Western China, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Southwest Asia affected the modeled anomalous heating. Since the initial discussion of the EHP hypothesis in 2006, the aerosol-monsoon relationship has been addressed using various modeling and observational techniques. The current study takes an observational approach to detect signatures of the "Elevated Heat Pump" effect in the cloud cover and cloud type distributions as derived from Meteosat-5 observations over the Asian Monsoon region, supplemented with temperature data from the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis and precipitation data from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP). Cloud, convection, precipitation, and temperature features for the highest-aerosol years are compared with lower-aerosol content years during the period 2000–2005. Predicted precipitation features in China and Korea are found to be consistent with the hypothesis, but the early onset and intensification of monsoon rainfall over India are not observed. It is proposed that model inaccuracies and/or indirect aerosol effects caused the disagreement between observed and hypothesized behavior.

scholarly journals Low-Pressure Systems and Extreme Precipitation in Southeast and East Asian Monsoon Regions

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
Yujia You ◽  
Mingfang Ting
Keyword(s):  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Central China ◽  
Subtropical High ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Low Pressure Systems

AbstractUnderstanding the physical mechanisms behind the secular trends of summer rainfall extremes over the heavily populated Southeast and East Asian monsoon regions is not only of scientific importance but also of considerable socio-economic implications. In this study, the relevance of the excessive-rain producing low-pressure systems (LPSs) to extreme rainfall is quantified. Using an objective feature-tracking algorithm, the synoptic-scale LPSs are identified and tracked in the 40-year ECMWF Interim reanalysis. The region experiences approximately 16 terrestrial and 18 marine LPSs each summer. The terrestrial LPSs form near the downwind side of the Tibetan Plateau and travel northeastward toward jet latitudes. The marine LPSs form over the western North Pacific Ocean and migrate along the western periphery of the subtropical high. While both types of LPSs account for a large portion of upper-tail rainfall, the terrestrial LPSs predominantly impact the extreme rainfall over inland areas, and the marine LPSs primarilyaffect the coastal regions where they frequently make landfall. The historical extreme rainfall trend during 1979-2018 is aligned with the changes in LPS tracks. The decreasing number of northeastward-moving terrestrial LPSs leads to an extreme rainfall dipole with negative trends in north-central China and positive trends in southern China, while the increasing number of northward-recurving marine LPSs enhances the extreme rainfall in the eastern China coast but suppresses it over the South China Sea. These trends are driven dynamically by the weakening of the monsoonal southwesterlies and the eastward retreat of the subtropical high, which are likely attributable to anthropogenic forcings.

Charles Rathouis's painting (1889) of Augustine Henry's goral from the Yichang gorges, China

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
E. CHARLES NELSON
Keyword(s):  
Central China ◽  
History Of

An original watercolour by the French Jesuit Père Charles Rathouis (1834–1890) of a goral from central China, named Kemas henryanus by Père Pierre Heude (now Naemorhedus caudatus griseus Milne-Edwards 1872), is described; the history of the animal depicted is recounted from Dr Augustine Henry's manuscript diaries and other sources.

scholarly journals Changes in Paleovegetation and Paleoclimate in China Since the Late Middle Pleistocene: A Case Study of the Dajiuhu Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4848
Author(s):  
Liwei Wu ◽  
Xinling Li ◽  
Qinghai Xu ◽  
Manyue Li ◽  
Qiufeng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Central China ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Late Middle Pleistocene

The East Asian monsoon system is an important part of global atmospheric circulation; however, records of the East Asian monsoon from different regions exhibit different evolutionary rhythms. Here, we show a high-resolution record of grain size and pollen data from a lacustrine sediment core of Dajiuhu Lake in Shennongjia, Hubei Province, China, in order to reconstruct the paleovegetation and paleoeclimate evolution of the Dajiuhu Basin since the late Middle Pleistocene (~237.9 ka to the present). The results show that grain size and pollen record of the core DJH-2 are consistent with the δ18O record of stalagmites from Sanbao Cave in the same area, which is closely related to the changes of insolation at the precessional (~20-kyr) scale in the Northern Hemisphere. This is different from the records of the Asian summer monsoon recorded in the Loess Plateau of North China, which exhibited dominant 100-kyr change cyclicities. We suggest that the difference between paleoclimatic records from North and South China is closely related to the east–west-oriented mountain ranges of the Qinling Mountains in central China that blocked weakened East Asia summer monsoons across the mountains during glacial periods.

scholarly journals Tectonic and climatic drivers of Asian monsoon evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Thomson ◽  
Philip B. Holden ◽  
Pallavi Anand ◽  
Neil R. Edwards ◽  
Cécile A. Porchier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Indian Summer Monsoon ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon Rainfall ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽  
Great Debate ◽  
Climatic Drivers ◽  
Meridional Overturning

AbstractAsian Monsoon rainfall supports the livelihood of billions of people, yet the relative importance of different drivers remains an issue of great debate. Here, we present 30 million-year model-based reconstructions of Indian summer monsoon and South East Asian monsoon rainfall at millennial resolution. We show that precession is the dominant direct driver of orbital variability, although variability on obliquity timescales is driven through the ice sheets. Orographic development dominated the evolution of the South East Asian monsoon, but Indian summer monsoon evolution involved a complex mix of contributions from orography (39%), precession (25%), atmospheric CO2 (21%), ice-sheet state (5%) and ocean gateways (5%). Prior to 15 Ma, the Indian summer monsoon was broadly stable, albeit with substantial orbital variability. From 15 Ma to 5 Ma, strengthening was driven by a combination of orography and glaciation, while closure of the Panama gateway provided the prerequisite for the modern Indian summer monsoon state through a strengthened Atlantic meridional overturning circulation.

scholarly journals Evolutionary history of zoogeographical regions surrounding the Tibetan Plateau

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiekun He ◽  
Siliang Lin ◽  
Jiatang Li ◽  
Jiehua Yu ◽  
Haisheng Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrates ◽  
History Of ◽  
Striking Change ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe Tibetan Plateau (TP) and surrounding regions have one of the most complex biotas on Earth. However, the evolutionary history of these regions in deep time is poorly understood. Here, we quantify the temporal changes in beta dissimilarities among zoogeographical regions during the Cenozoic using 4,966 extant terrestrial vertebrates and 1,278 extinct mammal genera. We identify ten present-day zoogeographical regions and find that they underwent a striking change over time. Specifically, the fauna on the TP was close to the Oriental realm in deep time but became more similar to the Palearctic realms more recently. The present-day zoogeographical regions generally emerged during the Miocene/Pliocene boundary (ca. 5 Ma). These results indicate that geological events such as the Indo-Asian Collision, the TP uplift, and the aridification of the Asian interior underpinned the evolutionary history of the zoogeographical regions surrounding the TP over different time periods.

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