scholarly journals Triple isotope variations of monthly tap water in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Tian ◽  
Lixin Wang ◽  
Wenzhe Jiao ◽  
Fadong Li ◽  
Fuqiang Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Collection Sites ◽  
Water Isotope

Abstract Tap water isotopic compositions could potentially record information on local climate and water management practices. A new water isotope tracer 17O-excess became available in recent years providing additional information of the various hydrological processes. Detailed data records of tap water 17O-excess have not been reported. In this report, monthly tap water samples (n = 652) were collected from December 2014 to November 2015 from 92 collection sites across China. The isotopic composition (δ2H, δ18O, and δ17O) of tap water was analyzed by a Triple Water Vapor Isotope Analyzer (T-WVIA) based on Off-Axis Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) technique and two second-order isotopic variables (d-excess and 17O-excess) were calculated. The geographic location information of the 92 collection sites including latitude, longitude, and elevation were also provided in this dataset. This report presents national-scale tap water isotope dataset at monthly time scale. Researchers and water resource managers who focus on the tap water issues could use them to probe the water source and water management strategies at large spatial scales.

Concepts and Practices for Improving Nitrogen Management for Vegetables

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Hochmuth
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Land Grant ◽  
Land Grant Universities ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
N Management

Efficient N management practices usually involve many potential strategies, but always involve choosing the correct amount of N and the coupling of N management to efficient water management. Nitrogen management strategies are integral parts of improved production practices recommended by land-grant universities such as the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Univ. of Florida. This paper, which draws heavily on research and experience in Florida, outlines the concepts and technologies for managing vegetable N fertilization to minimize negative impacts on the environment.

scholarly journals Study on Physiological Parameters and Economics of Rice Cultivation under Different Establishment Methods and Water Management Practices

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
S. Selvakumar ◽  
S. Sakthivel ◽  
Akihiko Kamoshita ◽  
R. Babu ◽  
S. Thiyageshwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Physiological Parameters

A field experiment was conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, during summer 2019 to study about the changes in physiological parameters of rice under various establishment and water management strategies and to find out the suitable method of rice establishment and irrigation management practices for tank irrigated command areas during water scarcity situation. Field experiment comprised of four establishment methods in combination with four irrigation management strategies. Medium duration fine grain rice variety TKM 13 was used for the study. Results of the study revealed that machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation after formation of hairline crack recorded improved physiological parameters and yield. It was on par with machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation when water level reaches 5 cm below soil surface. Higher gross return, net return and B:C ratio were observed with machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation after formation of hairline crack. This was followed by machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation when water level reaches 5 cm below soil. Hence, the result of study concluded that machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation when water level reaches 5 cm below soil surface can be recommended as the suitable technology for the farmers of tank irrigated command area to get higher return with minimum use of resources under water scarcity situation.

scholarly journals Towards evenly distributed grazing patterns: including social context in sheep management strategies

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustina di Virgilio ◽  
Juan Manuel Morales
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Landscape Conservation ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Rangeland Degradation ◽  
Natural Grasslands

Background.A large proportion of natural grasslands around the world is exposed to overgrazing resulting in land degradation and biodiversity loss. Although there is an increasing effort in the promotion of sustainable livestock management, rangeland degradation still occurs because animals’ foraging behaviour is highly selective at different spatial scales. The assessment of the ecological mechanisms modulating the spatial distribution of grazing and how to control it has critical implications for long term conservation of resources and the sustainability of livestock production. Considering the relevance of social interactions on animals’ space use patterns, our aim was to explore the potential effects of including animals’ social context into management strategies using domestic sheep grazing in rangelands as case study.Methods.We used GPS data from 19 Merino sheep (approximately 10% of the flock) grazing on three different paddocks (with sizes from 80 to 1000 Ha) during a year, to estimate resource selection functions of sheep grazing in flocks of different levels of heterogeneity. We assessed the effects of sheep class (i.e., ewes, wethers, and hoggets), age, body condition and time since release on habitat selection patterns.Results.We found that social rank was reflected on sheep habitat use, where dominant individuals (i.e., reproductive females) used more intensively the most preferred areas and low-ranked (i.e., yearlings) used less preferred areas. Our results showed that when sheep grazed on more heterogeneous flocks, grazing patterns were more evenly distributed at all the paddocks considered in this study. On the other hand, when high-ranked individuals were removed from the flock, low-ranked sheep shifted their selection patterns by increasing the use of the most preferred areas and strongly avoided to use less preferred sites (i.e., a highly selective grazing behaviour).Discussion.Although homogenization and segregation of flocks by classes are common practices to increase flock productivity, we are proposing an alternative that employs behavioural interactions in heterogeneous flocks to generate more evenly distributed grazing patterns. This practice can be combined with other practices such as rotational grazing and guardian dogs (to decrease mortality levels that may be generated by sheep grazing on more risky habitats). This does not imply any modifications of livestock stocking rates and densities or any additional investments for labour and materials. Considering livestock behaviour is critical for the design of sustainable management practices that balance landscape conservation and livestock productivity.

scholarly journals Hydrogeology of Volcanic Highlands Affects Prioritization of Land Management Practices

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar A. Adem ◽  
Gashaw G. Addis ◽  
Dessalew W. Aynalem ◽  
Seifu A. Tilahun ◽  
Wolde Mekuria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Land And Water Management ◽  
High Sediment ◽  
Tertiary Basalt

Volcanic highlands supply water to 40% of the world’s population. Soil degradation threatens this water supply. Studies on geohydrology that affect the effectiveness of land and water management (LWM) practices in reducing soil degradations are limited. To aid in the effectiveness of LWM practices, we conducted a field experiment in the Gomit watershed in the semihumid Ethiopian Highlands on the interaction of hydrogeology and LWM practices. We found that in a watershed with strongly faulted tertiary basalt, 30% of the rainfall was drained through faults to another basin. Consequently, the discharge at the outlet was less than half of that of other watersheds with quaternary basalts. Despite the high sediment concentration, i.e., around 15 g L−1, in the Gomit watershed, the sediment yield of less than 4 Mg ha−1 a−1 was below average for the agricultural watershed in Ethiopia because of the low runoff response. While some faults facilitated drainage, others acted as a barrier. Groundwater stored behind the barriers was used as a municipal potable water source. Since the effectiveness of LWM practices depends on the amount of erosion that can be prevented, considerations of country-wide prioritizing of investments in land and water management practices should include the geology of the watersheds.

The role of water management in unlocking unconventional resources

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
Gary Crisp ◽  
John Walsh ◽  
Mark Shaw ◽  
Chris Hertle
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Water Source ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Technology Selection ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Unconventional Resources ◽  
Unconventional Resource

Water management for unconventional resources is a complex, multidisciplinary subject that cannot be overlooked. Traditional oilfield development strategies view water as an afterthought that must be dealt with once the field matures and water cut begins to escalate. When this strategy is employed for shale gas developments, water usage is higher than necessary, trucking costs become high, and site remediation becomes time consuming and costly. For shale gas developments, the high-volume and high-quality requirements of water during the lifecycle of field development are a game changer. Water management for unconventional resources requires logistics planning, engagement of field services providers, and technology selection. Each of these issues need to be addressed in the early planning stages and must be tailored for the location and water types involved. This extended abstract takes a holistic view of water management for unconventional resource development across Australia. Management strategies are compared and contrasted for the different unconventional resource types, across different locations, considering all of the factors mentioned above, together with an understanding of regulatory differences, water source options, disposal options, and the different types of water involved. These factors are compared (in the context of North American developments) for CSG in Queensland, tight gas, and unconventional shale gas developments in the Cooper Basin and WA. As these different resources are developed, it is important to understand why the water management strategies are, and must be, different (as discussed in this extended abstract).

scholarly journals An Assessment of Sustainable Airport Water Management: The Case of Osaka’s Kansai International Airport

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Baxter ◽  
Panarat Srisaeng ◽  
Graham Wild
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Sustainable Water Management ◽  
International Airport

Airports are an essential infrastructure to facilitate aviation. The substantial growth of aviation has led to a significant increase in water usage by airports. Airports also generate large volumes of wastewater that may include contaminants. Hence, understanding sustainable water management practices is essential in the aviation industry. In this study, an exploratory research design was utilized in the examination of the sustainable water management strategies and systems at Kansai International Airport from 2002 to 2016. The qualitative data were examined using document analysis as part of a case study. The quantitative data were analyzed using regression analysis as part of a longitudinal study. The airport has been able to reduce the total water consumption, water consumption per passenger, and water consumption per aircraft movement, even with increased traffic in recent years. The airport sources water from the municipal authorities and reclaims water for non-potable water uses. The airport conducts regular water quality tests which measure the Chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphates. The airport’s onsite wastewater processing centre processes all wastewaters, which discharges non-reclaimed water into Osaka Bay. With a decrease in water consumption, there has similarly been a decrease in the need to treat wastewater, while the reclaimed water ratio has increased over the period of the study.

Financing Integration of Urban Water Systems: From Service Provision to Resource Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil S. Grigg ◽  
Theresa Connor ◽  
Alex Maas
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Financial Innovation ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Integrated Water Management ◽  
Local Initiatives ◽  
Innovation Analysis ◽  
The One ◽  
Corporate Social

Cities seeking to reform water management practices that degrade sustainability are challenged by limited resources, financial needs of legacy infrastructures, institutional barriers, and rigid regulatory environments. Stakeholders in urban water programs report that financial aspects of One Water top their list of concerns. As shown by local initiatives, integrated water management strategies based on the One Water concept can help to mitigate these problems and provide additional benefits and co-benefits. Experiences reported by cities identify practices that facilitate financial solutions to ongoing concerns. Drawing from three sets of One Water cases, 36 examples were shown to include significant financial innovation. Analysis of them pointed to strategies that involve organizational approaches, regional shared governance, partnerships, resource conservation, and corporate social responsibility. Financial innovation in each category requires further study to identify new opportunities and to validate feasibility, along with benefits and co-benefits.

scholarly journals Soil and Irrigation Water Management: Farmer’s Practice, Insight, and Major Constraints in Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Desale Kidane Asmamaw ◽  
Pieter Janssens ◽  
Mekete Dessie ◽  
Seifu A. Tilahun ◽  
Enyew Adgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Irrigation Scheme ◽  
Irrigation Water Management

This study assessed farmers’ soil and irrigation water management practices, perceptions, and major constraints at Koga, a large-scale irrigation scheme in Ethiopia. Key informant interviews, structured and semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussions, and field visits were used for data collection. Soil samples were collected for the assessment of soil properties and a comparison with the respondents’ perception of soil-related constraints. A total of 385 respondents were involved in the questionnaire. All of the respondents had a good perception of soil acidity and its management strategies. Respondents’ perception was in line with the mean soil pH, soil texture, infiltration rate, exchangeable acidity, and soil organic carbon obtained from lab analysis and field tests. Soil acidity, unwise use of water, water scarcity, and lack of market linkages hampered the performance of the Koga irrigation scheme. Yet, respondents had a low awareness of irrigation water management. Farmers never used irrigation scheduling, but apply the same amount of water regardless of the crop type. As a result, low yield and water use efficiency were reported. To reduce soil acidity, an adequate lime supply for farmers with hands-on training on how to apply it would be desirable. Farmers should be aware of how to design effective irrigation scheduling and adopt water-saving management strategies.

scholarly journals Best Management Practices Enable the Coexistence of Agriculture and the Everglades Environment.

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 690d-690
Author(s):  
F.T. Izuno ◽  
R.W. Rice ◽  
L.T. Capone
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Florida Everglades ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Particulate Control

Situated at the northern end of the historical Florida Everglades is the 280,000-ha tract of land called the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA). This land was diked, canalized, and drained in the early 1900s to encourage the production of primarily sugarcane, vegetables, sod, and rice on its Histosols. The phosphorus in drainage water from the EAA is believed to be causing undesirable changes to the ecosystem in areas subject to legislated environmental protection. Phosphorus (P) load reduction “Best Management Practices” (BMPs) are being developed and implemented in the EAA to reduce agricultural production impacts on the wetland areas. The BMPs can be categorized as fertilizer, water management, or particulate control related, and can be applied effectively across the EAA. Ten farms, representative of the EAA soils, rainfall, crops, farm size, geographic location, and water management practices, were used in the study. The farms were monitored under pre-BMP conditions for 1 to 3 years. By Jan. 1995, seven of the 10 farms were operating under project-designed BMP packages that included only the fertilizer and water management options. Depending on the method used for adjusting for hydrologic variability between years, calculated P load reductions ranged from 25% to 60% between 1994 and 1995.

scholarly journals A study on water management strategies in a selected teaching hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 5120
Author(s):  
Ayshathul Femitha ◽  
Sunita Saldanha
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Hospital Infection Control

Background: Water is a scarce and highly valuable natural resource. Hospitals require relatively large quantity of water and quality of water is equally important. Hospitals must focus on water efficiency and conservation measures in order to ensure the sustainable use of water. This study was undertaken to understand the current water management practices in the selected teaching hospital and to develop strategies for water conservation.Methods: Descriptive study with observational method was used, to collect the data an observational checklist based on the guidelines of bureau of Indian standards (BIS) and world health organization (WHO) was developed. To observe and collect the data, uninformed visits was done to the Department of Maintenance on random days as per the convenience and the information was collected from standard operating procedures (SOPs) and records maintained in the department of maintenance and hospital infection control unit.Results: The study found that a well-planned water supply system is present in the selected hospital to meet the required quantity of water. The study reveals that the total consumption of water per day in the hospital is higher than the BIS standards. Preventive and corrective maintenance of all the tanks, pipelines, plumbing, and equipment is done regularly. A well-organized system of quality control of water is present in the hospital and the grey water, is drained to sewage water treatment plant from where the water is recycled and reused.Conclusions: Conservation of water enables hospitals to cut cost and to be proactive stewards of their community’s natural resources.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document