scholarly journals Correction of water column height variation on 2D grid high-resolution seismic data using dGPS based methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayobami Abegunrin ◽  
Daniel A. Hepp ◽  
Tobias Mörz
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Seismic Profiles ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Column Height

Abstract Variations in the physical properties of water column usually impede exact water column height correction on high-resolution seismic data, especially when the data are collected in shallow marine environments. Changes in water column properties can be attributed to variation in tides and currents, wind-generated swells, long and short amplitude wave-fronts, or variation in salinity and water temperature. Likewise, the proper motion of the vessel complicates the determinability of the water column height. This study provides a less time-consuming and precise differential Global Positioning System based methodology that can be applied to most types of high-resolution seismic data in order to significantly improve the tracking and quality of deduced geological interpretations on smaller depth scales. The methodology was tested on geophysical profiles obtained from the German sector of the North Sea. The focus here was to identify, distinguish and classify various sub-surface sedimentary structures in a stratigraphically highly complex shallow marine environment on decimeter small-scale. After applying the correction to the profiles, the sea floor, in general, occurs 1.1 to 3.4 m (mean of 2.2 m) deeper than the uncorrected profiles and is consistent with the sea floor from published tide corrected bathymetry data. The corrected seismic profiles were used in plotting the depth of the base of Holocene channel structures and to define their gradients. The applied correction methodology was also crucial in glacial and post-glacial valley features distinction, across profile correlation and establishing structural and stratigraphic framework of the study area.

A simple method of correction for profile-length water-column height variations in high-resolution, shallow-water seismic data

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-292
Author(s):  
Hyeonju Kim ◽  
Gwang Hoon Lee ◽  
Bo Yeon Yi ◽  
Youngho Yoon ◽  
Kyong-O Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Water Column Height

Experimental Analysis of Solar Driven Multi-Stage Stepped Bubbler Humidifier for Humidification-Dehumidification (HDH) Water Desalination System

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz M. Abd-ur-Rehman ◽  
Fahad A. Al-Sulaiman ◽  
Mohamed A. Antar
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Water Column Height

The fresh water is the essence of life and its scarcity is the most threatening concern for mankind. To alleviate the worries of the existing and approaching fresh water crisis, the answer for water sustainability may lie in developing the decentralized small-scale water desalination system. Solar humidification-dehumidification (HDH) is a carrier gas based thermal technique that is ideal for a small-scale decentralized water desalination system. An innovative design approach is to use the bubble column humidifier to enhance the performance of the HDH water desalination system. Therefore, a novel multi-stage stepped bubble column humidifier is proposed that is operated through solar thermal energy as the main source of energy input. The study addresses the relation between the pressure drop variations with varying water column height at different air superficial velocities. Findings revealed that the water column height and air superficial velocity should be optimized according to the geometric features of the perforated plate in order to achieve a higher humidifier performance with a lower pressure drop. The day round performance of the humidifier is investigated in single stage, two stage, and three stage configurations. Findings show that the average day round absolute humidity at the exit of the humidifier is increased by 9 % in two-stage and 23 % in three-stage configurations compared to the single stage humidifier. One major advantages of this proposed humidifier is its ability to have a direct solar thermal heating. Subsequently, it can be located in remote areas.

scholarly journals Effects of surface loading on groundwater flow and skeletal deformation

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-295
Author(s):  
Qingyang Yu ◽  
Chengbin Wang ◽  
Zhenxue Dai ◽  
Xinglong Ran ◽  
Mohammad Amin Amooie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Surface Load ◽  
Surface Loading ◽  
Water Head ◽  
Storage Rate ◽  
Water Column Height

Abstract This paper proposes a relationship for the physics and mechanics constants of porous media related to water storage rate and ground settlement under a surface load variation condition. This provides the basis for accurate calculation of ground subsidence. Traditional equations for vertical deformation, groundwater flow and land subsidence due to surface loading were developed using Jacob's assumptions. This paper derives a skeletal elastic specific storage rate. The new deformation and flow equations are similar to the traditional ones based on Jacob's assumptions except that the pore-water head in the traditional equations corresponds with the margin between the pore-water head and the water-column height given in the proposed equations representing the surface load. The analysis show that increasing the surface loading leads to land subsidence, rise in pore-water head and decrease in elastic water storage capacity. The maximum subsidence is equivalent to the subsidence triggered by lowering the water head to the equivalent water column height. The maximum rise of the water head is also equal to the equivalent water column height. The maximum water released to a specific volume of porous medium is close to that resulting from reduction in the water head by the equivalent column height.

DEMETER HIGH RESOLUTION 3D SEISMIC SURVEY—REVITALISED DEVELOPMENT AND EXPLORATION ON THE NORTH WEST SHELF, AUSTRALIA

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Bennett ◽  
M.R. Bussell
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Future Application ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Exploration And Development

The newly acquired 3,590 km2 Demeter 3D high resolution seismic survey covers most of the North West Shelf Venture (NWSV) area; a prolific hydrocarbon province with ultimate recoverable reserves of greater than 30 Tcf gas and 1.5 billion bbls of oil and natural gas liquids. The exploration and development of this area has evolved in parallel with the advent of new technologies, maturing into the present phase of revitalised development and exploration based on the Demeter 3D.The NWSV is entering a period of growing gas market demand and infrastructure expansion, combined with a more diverse and mature supply portfolio of offshore fields. A sequence of satellite fields will require optimised development over the next 5–10 years, with a large number of wells to be drilled.The NWSV area is acknowledged to be a complex seismic environment that, until recently, was imaged by a patchwork of eight vintage (1981–98) 3D seismic surveys, each acquired with different parameters. With most of the clearly defined structural highs drilled, exploration success in recent years has been modest. This is due primarily to severe seismic multiple contamination masking the more subtle and deeper exploration prospects. The poor quality and low resolution of vintage seismic data has also impeded reservoir characterisation and sub-surface modelling. These sub-surface uncertainties, together with the large planned expenditure associated with forthcoming development, justified the need for the Demeter leading edge 3D seismic acquisition and processing techniques to underpin field development planning and reserves evaluations.The objective of the Demeter 3D survey was to re-image the NWSV area with a single acquisition and processing sequence to reduce multiple contamination and improve imaging of intra-reservoir architecture. Single source (133 nominal fold), shallow solid streamer acquisition combined with five stages of demultiple and detailed velocity analysis are considered key components of Demeter.The final Demeter volumes were delivered early 2005 and already some benefits of the higher resolution data have been realised, exemplified in the following:Successful drilling of development wells on the Wanaea, Lambert and Hermes oil fields and identification of further opportunities on Wanaea-Cossack and Lambert- Hermes;Dramatic improvements in seismic data quality observed at the giant Perseus gas field helping define seven development well locations;Considerably improved definition of fluvial channel architecture in the south of the Goodwyn gas field allowing for improved well placement and understanding of reservoir distribution;Identification of new exploration prospects and reevaluation of the existing prospect portfolio. Although the Demeter data set has given significant bandwidth needed for this revitalised phase of exploration and development, there remain areas that still suffer from poor seismic imaging, providing challenges for the future application of new technologies.

Poststack velocity analysis by separation and imaging of seismic diffractions

Geophysics ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. U89-U94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Fomel ◽  
Evgeny Landa ◽  
M. Turhan Taner
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Velocity Analysis ◽  
High Resolution Imaging ◽  
Diffracted Waves ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Seismic Reflections ◽  
Optimal Focusing

Small geologic features manifest themselves in seismic data in the form of diffracted waves, which are fundamentally different from seismic reflections. Using two field-data examples and one synthetic example, we demonstrate the possibility of separating seismic diffractions in the data and imaging them with optimally chosen migration velocities. Our criteria for separating reflection and diffraction events are the smoothness and continuity of local event slopes that correspond to reflection events. For optimal focusing, we develop the local varimax measure. The objectives of this work are velocity analysis implemented in the poststack domain and high-resolution imaging of small-scale heterogeneities. Our examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for high-resolution imaging of such geologic features as faults, channels, and salt boundaries.

A novel numerical modelling of well-aquifer response induced by pressure disturbance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixuan Xing ◽  
Rui Hu ◽  
Hongbiao Gu ◽  
Quan Liu ◽  
Thomas Ptak
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Amplification Factor ◽  
Fluid Model ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Screen Length ◽  
Amplification Effect ◽  
Aquifer Properties ◽  
Water Column Height

<p>Under hydrostatic conditions, the water level observed in a well is often supposed to be equivalent to the pressure head in the surrounding aquifer. When the aquifer is subject to disturbing processes and activities, fluctuations of water level can be observed. Generally, the measured water level in the well is often considered to be less than the pressure head in the aquifer due to wellbore storage and skin effects (Ramey et al., 1972). In fact, there is another factor that can suppress or enhance the oscillating water level, which is termed the amplification effect (Cooper et al., 1965). Related studies point out that this effect is affected by well geometry (e.g. well diameter, water column height and well screen length), aquifer properties (e.g. transmissivity and storativity) and the period of the disturbed pressure head (Kipp, 1985; Liu, 1989). However, previous studies have obvious divergences in quantifying the amplification effect.</p><p>In this work, we firstly established an idealized fluid model to simplify the complex solid-fluid coupling process, aiming to discuss the influence of different well geometry parameters on the amplification factor separately, such as the well diameter, water column height and well screen length. Subsequently, we built a well-aquifer coupling numerical model to study the well-aquifer response induced by disturbed pressure based on the finite element method. Simulations of 125 scenarios showed that the amplification factor gradually increased until it reached a peak, and then decreased to 1 as the period of disturbed pressure became larger. The corresponding period of an amplification factor peak was significantly influenced by the water column height, which controlled the position of an “optimal period”. Aquifer properties can also affect the amplification factor, especially its peak value. In further numerical studies, more complicated scenarios will be investigated, considering different types of wells and aquifers.</p>

scholarly journals THE PALEO-ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF SEPETIBA BAY, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL, IN THE LATE PLEISTOCENE: INTERPRETATIONS FROM HIGH-RESOLUTION SEISMIC STRATIGRAPHY

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloisa Vargas Borges ◽  
Charles A. Nittrouer
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Seismic Stratigraphy ◽  
Seismic Profiles ◽  
Sepetiba Bay ◽  
Environmental Setting ◽  
Geological Evolution

ABSTRACT. Single-channel high-resolution seismic profiles in Sepetiba Bay, Brazil, were collected to describe the recent geological evolution of this area. The seismic data showed... RESUMO. Perfis sísmicos de alta resolução da Baía de Sepetiba, Brasil, foram coletados com o objetivo de descrever a evolução geológica recente desta área. Os dados sísmicos...

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