scholarly journals Sewage sludge application enhances soil properties and rice growth in a salt-affected mudflat soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhua Shan ◽  
Min Lv ◽  
Wengang Zuo ◽  
Zehui Tang ◽  
Cheng Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Promote Plant Growth

AbstractThe most important measures for salt-affected mudflat soil reclamation are to reduce salinity and to increase soil organic carbon (OC) content and thus soil fertility. Salinity reduction is often accomplished through costly freshwater irrigation by special engineering measures. Whether fertility enhancement only through one-off application of a great amount of OC can improve soil properties and promote plant growth in salt-affected mudflat soil remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of our indoor pot experiment was to study the effects of OC amendment at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.5%, calculated from carbon content, by one-off application of sewage sludge on soil properties, rice yield, and root growth in salt-affected mudflat soil under waterlogged conditions. The results showed that the application of sewage sludge promoted soil fertility by reducing soil pH and increasing content of OC, nitrogen and phosphorus in salt-affected mudflat soil, while soil electric conductivity (EC) increased with increasing sewage sludge (SS) application rates under waterlogged conditions. In this study, the rice growth was not inhibited by the highest EC of 4.43 dS m−1 even at high doses of SS application. The SS application increased yield of rice, promoted root growth, enhanced root activity and root flux activity, and increased the soluble sugar and amino acid content in the bleeding sap of rice plants at the tillering, jointing, and maturity stages. In conclusion, fertility enhancement through organic carbon amendment can “offset” the adverse effects of increased salinity and promote plant growth in salt-affected mudflat soil under waterlogged conditions.

scholarly journals Valorization of Cotton Gin Trash through Thermal and Biological Conversion for Soil Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13842
Author(s):  
Qurat-ul-Ain ◽  
Aisha Nazir ◽  
Sergio C. Capareda ◽  
Muhammad Shafiq ◽  
Firdaus-e-Bareen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Biological Conversion ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Attributes ◽  
Cotton Gin

Cotton gin trash, the by-product of the cotton ginning industry which is produced in large quantities every year, can be utilized as feedstock for deriving high quality organic materials such as biochar, compost and co-composted derivates for improvement of soils’ key physical, chemical and biological properties. This is the first report in which cotton gin trash was both thermally and biologically converted at the same time into biochar (BC), compost (C) and co-compost (Coc), and their effects on soil properties and on plant performance were examined. In order to find the optimum rate, the products were used as soil amendments in a greenhouse experiment at 2.5 t ha−1, 5 t ha−1and 10 t ha−1 rates. All of the amendments contributed in improving the soil properties and provided agronomic benefits to plants, however plants (radish var. Cherry belle) showed significantly (p < 0.05) better growth attributes and almost a 315% increase in biomass yield observed when co-composted biochar (10 t ha−1) was applied to the soil, thus suggesting its role in compensating fertilizer application. Amendments (2.5 and 5.0 t ha−1) considerably increased plant growth parameters; however, differences between 5 and 10 t ha−1 amendments were not so significant. As a result, replenishing soil with Coc (5 t ha−1) on a regular basis can promote plant growth and improve soil qualities over time.

scholarly journals Effect of altitude and seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) on soil properties in dry temperate region of Himachal Pradesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2228-2234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhay Sharma ◽  
Virendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Hippophae Rhamnoides ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Hippophaë Rhamnoides

Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) is an ecologically and economically important plant species used for the enhancement of soil fertility, prevention of soil erosion and production of food and medicinal products in mountain ecosystem. Altitude and landuse are the major factors which conditions the nutrient status of soil. In the study six different altitudes (3390 m, 3520 m, 3560 m, 3615 m, 3790 m and 4040 m) above sea level in dry temper-ate region of Himachal Pradesh and three land use pattern viz., (seabuckthorn forest, willow forest and wasteland) were selected for the study and their impact was investigated on soil fertility. Soil properties such (pH, organic car-bon, available macronutrients N, P, K, S and exchangeable cations Ca, Mg) were determined following the standard procedures. The values of soil available nutrients under seabuckthorn varied as pH (8.2 to 7.8), organic carbon (1.05 to 2.35 per cent) N (125 to 205 kg ha-1), P (15 to 31 kg ha-1), K (94 to 284 kg ha-1), S (28 to 53 kg ha-1), ex-changeable Ca (8.56 to 10.20 cmol (p+) kg-1) and Mg (2.3 to 3.6 cmol (p+) kg-1), respectively. The soil nutrients in seabuckthorn forest were found much higher than willow forest and wasteland, especially organic carbon and availa-ble N contents. Soil nutrients were found to increase with increasing altitude and decrease with increasing soil depth. The results concluded that Hippophae rhamnoides had significant effects (p < 0.05) on soil nutrient conditions. Hence our study indicates that seabuckthorn has a big potential for soil conservation, ecological sustainability and restoration of Himalayan ecosystem.

scholarly journals Effects of Epichloë endophyte and repeated cutting on nutrition compositions of Festuca sinensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 526-532
Author(s):  
Weihu Lin ◽  
Jianjun Wang ◽  
Chong Xu ◽  
Dongdong Duan ◽  
Wenbo Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Western China ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cutting Frequency ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Epichloë Endophyte

The presence of Epichloë endophyte can promote plant growth and increase the accumulation of host plant nutrients. We determined the dry matter (DM) and important nutritional indicators of E+ (infected by endophyte) and E– (not infected by endophyte) Festuca sinensis under the three-time repeated cutting. The results indicated that the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), crude ash (CA) contents, and DM of F. sinensis decreased with the repeated cutting increase and reached the minimum after the third time cut. The total organic carbon content of F. sinensis peaked at the second time cut. In addition, the DM of F. sinensis was significant (P &lt; 0.05) positively correlated with its quality CP, CF, and CA contents, and the appropriate repeated cutting times of F. sinensis was 1–2 times. We concluded that the presence of endophyte and proper cutting frequency can increase the quality and biomass of F. sinensis in Western China.  

scholarly journals The multifaceted plant-beneficial rhizobacteria toward agricultural sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 95-111
Author(s):  
Olubukola Babalola ◽  
Oluwaseun Adeyinka Fasusi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Agricultural Sustainability ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promoting

Agricultural practices depend mainly on the use of chemical fertilisers, pesticides, and herbicides which have caused serious health hazards and have also contributed to the pollution of the environment at large. The application of plant-beneficial rhizobacteria in agrarian practices has become paramount in increasing soil fertility, promoting plant growth, ensuring food safety, and increasing crop production to ensure sustainable agriculture. Beneficial rhizobacteria are soil microorganisms that are eco-friendly and serve as a modern method of improving the plant yield, protecting the plant and soil fertility that pose no harm to humans and the environment. This eco-friendly approach requires the application of beneficial rhizobacteria with plant growth-promoting traits that can improve the nutrient uptake, enhance the resistance of plants to abiotic and biotic stress, protect plants against pathogenic microorganisms and promote plant growth and yield. This review article has highlighted the multitasking roles that beneficial rhizobacteria employ in promoting plant growth, food production, bioremediation, providing defence to plants, and maintaining soil fertility. The knowledge acquired from this review will help in understanding the bases and importance of plant-beneficial rhizobacteria in ensuring agricultural sustainability and as an alternative to the use of agrochemicals.

scholarly journals Soil Fertility Appraisal for Pea Growing Regions of Himachal Pradesh using GPS and GIS Techniques

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishant Thakur ◽  
Rakesh Sharma ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Kunal Sood
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Available N ◽  
Available Nutrients ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Cu And Zn

Background: Overexploitation of productive lands creates serious problem of lowering the fertility status of soil and it leads to deterioration of soil. The deficiency of nutrients directly affects on the growth of crops and crop response become poor. Pea crop, like other plants, need different nutrients in varying quantities to achieve optimum growth and productivity. Soil fertility and its productivity are mainly affected by soil properties and nutrient status. Hence, it is necessary to assess the fertility status of soil with the consideration of available nutrients in soils and to recommend the specific nutrients for the proper management of soil. Methods: In this field-laboratory investigation during 2017-2019, about 135 geo-referenced soil samples were collected from 49 pea growing locations/ villages of Gohar and Sundernagar blocks of Mandi district. The collected (0-15 cm) soil samples were analyzed for different soil properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic carbon and available N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn content. Different thematic maps were prepared using Arc-GIS software version 10.2.1.Result: The investigations revealed that the soils were acidic to neutral in soil reaction and are in safe limits of electrical conductivity as the values were less than 0.8 dS m-1. Soil organic carbon status was found to be medium to high in surface layer. About 94.8 and 22.2% soil samples were recorded deficient in available N and Zn, whereas K, Cu and Zn were moderate in 53.3, 28.1 and 55.6% samples, respectively. On the basis of coefficient of variation, the soil pH and exchangeable Ca are least variable, whereas, available nutrients like N, Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn are moderately variable. However, electrical conductivity, OC, available P, K, S, Cu and Zn are highly variable in the samples under investigation. This information will also help to adopt effective strategy on fertilizer use and cropping pattern.

scholarly journals VIS-NIR REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY FOR ASSESSMENT OF SOIL ORGANIC CARBON IN A RICE-WHEAT FIELD OF LUDHIANA DISTRICT OF PUNJAB

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W6 ◽  
pp. 417-422
Author(s):  
B. P. Mondal ◽  
B. S. Sekhon ◽  
R. N. Sahoo ◽  
P. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectral Model ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
Nir Reflectance Spectroscopy

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a crucial indicator of soil fertility, maintaining soil health and sustaining the productivity of agro-ecosystem. Rapid, reliable and cost effective assessment of soil properties specially for SOC is important for monitoring soil fertility status along with soil health. Conventional chemical analysis of any soil property is hazardous, tedious and time consuming. So, the visible near infrared (VIS-NIR) reflectance spectroscopy can provide an effective alternative technique for rapid and ecofriendly measurement of soil properties. In view of this, a key soil fertility parameter SOC was examined through diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Georeferenced surface soil samples (0&amp;ndash;15&amp;thinsp;cm) were collected from a rice-wheat field of the study area for both chemical and spectral analysis. A viable statistical technique namely partial least square regression (PLSR) technique were used to correlate the measured properties with soil reflectance spectra and for developing spectral model. The predictive performance of newly developed spectral model was evaluated through different reliable indices like root mean square of error of prediction (RMSEP), coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) and ratio of performance deviation (RPD). The result showed that the R<sup>2</sup> value for SOC is 0.44, RMSEP is 0.07 and the RPD value is 1.57 in the validation dataset. The RPD value indicating that SOC can be reliably predicted using the hyperspectral model or reflectance analysis. So, this hyperspectral modeling technique can be successfully employed for monitoring soil health as well as for sustainable agriculture.</p>

A Study on the Farmers’ Awareness and Acceptance of Biofertilizers in Kottayam District

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-431
Author(s):  
Subin Thomas ◽  
Dr. M. Nandhini
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Area Data

Biofertilizers are fertilizers containing microorganisms that promote plant growth by improving the supply of nutrients to the host plant. The supply of nutrients is improved naturally by nitrogen fixation and solubilizing phosphorus. The living microorganisms in biofertilizers help in building organic matter in the soil and restoring the natural nutrient cycle. Biofertilizers can be grouped into Nitrogen-fixing biofertilizers, Phosphorous-solubilizing biofertilizers, Phosphorous-mobilizing biofertilizers, Biofertilizers for micro nutrients and Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. This study conducted in Kottayam district was intended to identify the awareness and acceptance of biofertilizers among the farmers of the area. Data have been collected from 120 farmers by direct interviews with structured questionnaire.

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