scholarly journals High canopy cover of invasive Acer negundo L. affects ground vegetation taxonomic richness

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Veselkin ◽  
D. I. Dubrovin ◽  
L. A. Pustovalova
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Large City ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Taxonomic Richness ◽  
Acer Negundo

AbstractWe assessed the link between canopy cover degree and ground vegetation taxonomic richness under alien ash-leaved maple (Acer negundo) and other (native or alien) tree species. We investigated urban and suburban forests in the large city of Yekaterinburg, Russia. Forests were evaluated on two spatial scales. Through an inter-habitat comparison we recorded canopy cover and plant taxonomic richness among 13 sample plots of 20 × 20 m where A. negundo dominated and 13 plots where other tree species dominated. In an intra-habitat comparison, we recorded canopy cover and ground vegetation taxonomic richness among 800 sample plots measuring 1 m2 in the extended urbanised forest, which featured abundant alien (308 plots) and native trees (492 plots). We observed decreased taxonomic richness among vascular ground plant species by 40% (inter-habitat) and 20% (intra-habitat) in areas dominated by A. negundo compared to areas dominated by native tree and shrub species. An abundance of A. negundo was accompanied by increased canopy cover. We found a negative relationship between canopy cover and the number of understory herbaceous species. Thus, the interception of light and the restriction of its amount for other species is a main factor supporting the negative influence of A. negundo on native plant communities.

scholarly journals High Canopy Cover of Invasive Acer Negundo L. Affects Ground Vegetation Diversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Vasilyevich Veselkin ◽  
Denis Igorevich Dubrovin ◽  
Liliya Alexandrovna Pustovalova
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Large City ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Acer Negundo

Abstract We assessed the link between canopy cover degree and ground vegetation diversity under alien the ash-leaved maple (Acer negundo) and other (native or alien) tree species. We investigated urban and suburban forests in the large city of Yekaterinburg, Russia. Forests were evaluated on two spatial scales. Through an inter-habitat comparison completed over three years, we recorded canopy cover and plant diversity among 13 sample plots of 20 × 20 m where A . negundo dominated and 13 plots where other tree species dominated. In an intra-habitat comparison, we recorded canopy cover and ground vegetation diversity among 800 sample plots measuring 1 m2 in the extended urbanised forest, which featured abundant alien (308 plots) and native trees (492 plots). We observed decreased diversity among vascular ground plant species by 40% (inter-habitat) and 20% (intra-habitat) in areas dominated by the A. negundo compared to areas dominated by native tree and shrub species. An abundance of A . negundo was accompanied by increased canopy cover. We found a negative relationship between canopy cover and the number of understory herbaceous species. Thus, the interception of light and the restriction of its amount for other species is a main factor supporting the negative influence of A . negundo on native plant communities.

scholarly journals High Canopy Cover of Invasive Acer Negundo L. Affects Ground Vegetation Diversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Veselkin ◽  
Denis Dubrovin ◽  
Liliya Pustovalova
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Large City ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Acer Negundo

Abstract We assessed the link between canopy cover degree and ground vegetation diversity under alien ash-leaved maple (Acer negundo) and other (native or alien) tree species. We investigated urban and suburban forests in the large city of Yekaterinburg, Russia. Forests were evaluated on two spatial scales. Through an inter-habitat comparison we recorded canopy cover and plant diversity among 13 sample plots of 20 × 20 m where A. negundo dominated and 13 plots where other tree species dominated. In an intra-habitat comparison, we recorded canopy cover and ground vegetation diversity among 800 sample plots measuring 1 m2 in the extended urbanised forest, which featured abundant alien (308 plots) and native trees (492 plots). We observed decreased diversity among vascular ground plant species by 40% (inter-habitat) and 20% (intra-habitat) in areas dominated by A. negundo compared to areas dominated by native tree and shrub species. An abundance of A. negundo was accompanied by increased canopy cover. We found a negative relationship between canopy cover and the number of understory herbaceous species. Thus, the interception of light and the restriction of its amount for other species is a main factor supporting the negative influence of A. negundo on native plant communities.

Gebirgswaldpflege – es kommt auf den Standort an | Mountain silviculture – it all depends on the site

2001 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Frehner
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Snow Mould ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Protection Forests

The article shows that knowledge of the site of a particular forest stand, together with research results and experience, can provide information that is important for the cultivation of mountain forests, including knowledge of the composition of the tree species and the structure and growth capacity of natural forest. Furthermore, certain sites can, thus, be characterized by factors that influence restocking, such as snow mould,lush ground vegetation or low temperature. The guidelines«minimale Pflegemassnahmen» – «Minimal tending of protection forests» (WASSER und FREHNER, 1996) are based on this principle. For individual sites, warnings about natural dangers such as rock fall or statements concerning nature conservation can be made (e.g., the occurrence of tree species, suitability as a biotope for Capercaille). In conclusion, two research projects on the relationship between site and natural dangers will be presented.

Site classification in a mixed hardwood forest (Hallerbos, Belgium) with a homogeneous ground vegetation dominated by Hyacinthoides non-scripta (L.) Chouard ex. Rothm.

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Maddelein ◽  
B. Muys ◽  
J. Neirynck ◽  
G. Sioen
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Base Cation ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Site Classification ◽  
Species Classification ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Understorey Vegetation

The  forest of Halle (560 ha), situated 20 km south of Brussels is covered by a  beech (Fagus sylvatica)  forest, locally mixed with secundary species (Tilia,  Fraxinus, Acer, Quercus,... ). In almost all  stands, herbal vegetation is dominated by bluebell (Hyacinthoides  non-scripta).     The research intended to classify 36 plots of different tree species  composition according to their site quality. Three classification methods  were compared: the first one based on the indicator value of the understorey  vegetation, a second one on the humus morphology and a last one on some  quantitative soil characteristics. According to the plant sociological site  classification, the plots have the same site quality. However, humus forms  differ apparently and significant differences were found in pH value and base  cation saturation of the soil, abundance and biomass of earthworms and  biomass of the ectorganic horizon. Tree species proved to be the main cause  of these differences.     The results illustrate that the herbal vegetation is not always a reliable  indicator of site quality. In the case of a homogeneous vegetation dominated  by one or more indifferent species, classification on humus morphology or  soil analysis are more appropriate. In the forest of Halle, the tree species  is probably the main cause of the observed differences in site quality.

Interactions between invasive plants and heavy metal stresses: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Zhanrui Leng ◽  
Yueming Wu ◽  
Yizhou Du ◽  
Zhicong Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Escape Behavior ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Anthropogenic Contamination ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Global changes have altered the distribution pattern of the plant communities, including invasive species. Anthropogenic contamination may reduce native plant resistance to the invasive species. Thus, the focus of the current review is on the contaminant biogeochemical behavior among native plants, invasive species and the soil within the plant-soil ecosystem to improve our understanding of the interactions between invasive plants and environmental stressors. Our studies together with synthesis of the literature showed that a) the impacts of invasive species on environmental stress were heterogeneous, b) the size of the impact was variable, and c) the influence types were multidirectional even within the same impact type. However, invasive plants showed self-protective mechanisms when exposed to heavy metals (HMs) and provided either positive or negative influence on the bioavailability and toxicity of HMs. On the other hand, HMs may favor plant invasion due to the widespread higher tolerance of invasive plants to HMS together with the “escape behavior” of native plants when exposed to toxic HM pollution. However, there has been no consensus on whether elemental compositions of invasive plants are different from the natives in the polluted regions. A quantitative research comparing plant, litter and soil contaminant contents between native plants and the invaders in a global context is an indispensable research focus in the future.

scholarly journals Tree-Ring Growth of Larch (Larix decidua Mill.) in the Polish Sudetes—The Influence of Altitude and Site-Related Factors on the Climate–Growth Relationship

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Danek ◽  
Monika Chuchro ◽  
Adam Walanus
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Larix Decidua ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Negative Effect

In this paper, the first study of a regional character on the influence of climatic factors on the tree-ring growth of European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) growing in the Polish Sudetes is presented. The obtained results indicate the relatively high diversity of the climatic signal observed in the tree rings of larches growing in the Sudetes. The most significant differentiating factor is altitude. The results suggest that the possible influence of local conditions (e.g., summit proximity, soil and bedrock characteristics, and exposure to strong winds) could also be of importance. A positive relationship between tree-ring growth and May temperatures was noted throughout the area; this indicates the principal importance of thermal conditions during the initial stage of cambial activity and tree-ring formation in larches from the Sudetes. The negative effect of the temperatures in the previous summer upon the tree-ring growth of larch in the subsequent year was also observed. The studies also indicate the negative influence of the water stress in summer (particularly in July of the previous year) upon the growth of trees. The negative relationship between tree-ring growth and the previous November temperature could be explained by the need for a late-autumn cooling, which affects the development of assimilation apparatus in spring of the subsequent year, which indirectly affects the tree-ring growth in the same year.

scholarly journals MONETARY POLICY AND TELECOMMUNICATION OUTPUT IN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-73
Author(s):  
John Abiodun Akinde ◽  
Elijah Oludayo
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Positive Effect

Different policies impact on the growth of the telecommunication sector in Nigeria. One of these policies which influence the expansion or contraction of the telecommunication output is monetary policy. To this end, this research examined the effect of monetary policy on telecommunication output in Nigeria. For the purpose of analysis, time series secondary data were sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin covering the periods1986 to 2018. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique was employed after examining the stationarity of the data series using Augmented Dickey-Fuller technique. The bound co-integration test revealed that there is long run equilibrium between the monetary policy variables employed and telecommunication output. The ARDL result revealed that money supply had significant and positive effect on telecommunication output in the short and long run; liquidity ratio produced an insignificant and negative relationship with telecommunication output in the short run and insignificant positive effect in the long run; exchange rate had insignificant negative effect in the short run and a significant positive effect on telecommunication output in the long run; consumer price index had significant negative influence on telecommunication outputboth in the short run and long run. The study concluded that monetary policy stimulates telecommunication output in Nigeria. Thus, it was recommended that the monetary authority should pursue an expansionary monetary policy to sustain the positive influence of money supply on telecommunication output in Nigeria while rolling out policy to reduce the liquidity ratio of banks in the short run but increase it in the long run so that the long term favourable effect of liquidity ratio can be felt on telecommunication output.  

scholarly journals Jack-of-all-trades paradigm meets long-term data: generalist herbivores are more widespread and locally less abundant

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sudta ◽  
D.M. Salcido ◽  
M.L. Forister ◽  
T. Walla ◽  
S. Villamarín-Cortez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Diet Breadth ◽  
Ecological Specialization ◽  
Dietary Specialization ◽  
Mixed Support ◽  
Term Data

AbstractSome of the most common ecological interactions are between plants and herbivorous insects, and these relationships are central to the study of ecological specialization. We address established assumptions about the positive association between local abundance and dietary specialization using a 17-year dataset on the caterpillars of Ecuador. Our long-term data include standardized plot-based samples as well as general, regional collections, allowing for investigations across spatial scales and using different indices of abundance for 1917 morphospecies of Lepidoptera from 33 families. We find that specialists are locally more abundant than generalists, consistent with a key component of the “jack of all trades, master of none” hypothesis, which has otherwise received poor to mixed support from previous studies that have mostly involved fewer species and shorter time series. Generalists achieve greater prevalence across the landscape, and we find some evidence for geographic variation in the abundance-diet breadth relationship, in particular among elevational bands. Interspecific variation in abundance also had a negative relationship with diet breadth, with specialists having more variable abundances across species. The fact that more specialized species can be both rare and common highlights the ecological complexity of specialization.

scholarly journals Assessment of adaptive capacity of native and adventive species of trees and shrubs in Dnipro region

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
I. A. Ivanko ◽  
A. F. Kulik
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Acer Negundo ◽  
Ulmus Laevis

Nowadays, deterioration and loss of ecological functions of urban tree and shrub plantations take place in Europe and, in particular, in Ukraine; it was noted that their number is insufficient to counteract the negative impact of global climate change and protect the population against industrial pollution effects. The issue of resistance of native and adventitious tree species used in the plantations of industrial cities remains relevant; it necessitates the assessment of physiological and biochemical aspects of their adaptation to extreme environmental factors, such as moisture limit in the steppe zone, periodic dangerously low winter temperatures and anthropo-technogenic load (in large urban agglomerations). In order to optimize the assortment of tree species of large megalopolises of the steppe zone of Ukraine and determine their potential resistance to anthropogenic pressures the study was conducted in conditionally clean forest biogeocenoses of the Samara River levee zone and in artificial plantations on the territories located in the coastal zone of the Dnipro River within 1500 m from the Prydneprovskaya thermal electric station (PTES, Dnipro city). It well known that the TPP is the source of atmospheric air pollution by such heavy metals as lead and cadmium. A study of the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes in leaves of native and adventive tree species showed that in the zone of Prydneprovskaya TES impact there was an increase of guaiacol peroxidase activity in Acer platanoides, Ulmus minor, Morus alba; benzidine peroxidase in Acer negundo, Ulmus laevis, Acer platanoides; catalase in A. platanoides, A. negundo, U. laevis, Ulmus pumila and Robinia pseudoasasia. High peroxidase activity, which is complemented by higher catalase activity, indicates the relative resistance of these species to atropo-technogenic pressures supported by antioxidant defense mechanisms. Total chlorophyll content (Chla + Chlb) in leaves of native species Ulmus laevis, Acer platanoides and adventive Morus alba decreased in the zone of TPP impact in relation to conditionally clean areas. The ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b in contaminated areas significantly increased in leaves of native species Ulmus laevis, Ulmus minor, Acer platanoides compared with control. The invasive species Acer negundo, Morus alba, Ulmus pumila had no significant changes in this indicator. In invasive species such as Ulmus pumila, Acer negundo there was an increase in leaf mass, which may indicate adaptation of these species to anthropogenically altered growth conditions.

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