scholarly journals Olfactory function testing before and after anesthesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kristina Hernandez ◽  
Patrick Fuchss ◽  
Antje Haehner ◽  
Thomas Hummel
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Odor Threshold ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Odor Thresholds ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Function Testing

AbstractThis study aimed to determine whether anesthesia would affect olfactory function. Patients who were admitted for surgical intervention that did not include the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were included in this prospective cohort study. Structured medical history was taken from the patients, including the following: age, sex, smoking history, alcohol intake, current medications, and sleep deficits prior to surgery. Before surgery, patients were asked for a self-rating of their olfactory function. Olfactory function was also measured using Sniffin’ Sticks comprising measures of odor threshold, discrimination, and identification. The mean interval between olfactory tests was 6 days (range 3–12 days). Seventy-three patients were included in the study, 34 men and 39 women. Olfactory scores were consistent before and after surgery as indicated by correlative analyses (p < 0.05). Odor thresholds, discrimination, identification, and composite TDI scores did not change significantly, whereas odor identification scores increased (p = 0.011) after surgery. In conclusion, post-operative olfactory scores remained stable. However, identification scores exhibited a slight increase which can be attributed to a retest effect. Overall, the present results indicate that surgery outside of the nasal and paranasal sinus region performed in general anesthesia has no major effect on the sense of smell.

scholarly journals Renal impairment in stroke patients: A comparison between the haemorrhagic and ischemic variants

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1531
Author(s):  
Pratyush Shrestha ◽  
Shalima Thapa ◽  
Shikher Shrestha ◽  
Subash Lohani ◽  
Suresh BK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Renal Impairment ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Haemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Function Testing

Background: Renal impairment is regularly seen in hospitalized stroke patients, affecting the outcome of patients, as well as causing difficulties in their management. A prospective cohort study was conducted to assess the trend of renal function in hospitalized ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke patients. The incidence of renal impairment in these subgroups, the contributing factors and the need for renal replacement in renal impaired patients was evaluated. Methods: Alternate day renal function testing was performed in hospitalized stroke patients. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) was calculated and the trend of renal function in the two stroke subgroups (haemorrhagic and ischemic) was assessed, with renal impairment defined as e-GFR < 60mL/ minute per 1.73m2. Results: Among 52 patients, 25 had haemorrhagic stroke (mean age 59.81 ± 14.67) and 27 had ischemic stroke (mean age 56.12 ± 13.08). The mean e-GFR (mL/minute per 1.732m2) at admission in the haemorrhagic stroke subgroup was 64.79 ± 25.85 compared to 86.04 ± 26.09 in the ischemic stroke subgroup (p=0.005). Sixteen out of 25 (64%) patients in the haemorrhagic stroke subgroup and 9 out of 27 (33.3%) patients in the ischemic subgroup developed renal impairment (p=0.027). The location of the bleed (p=0.8), volume of hematoma (p=0.966) and surgical intervention (p=0.4) did not predispose the patients to renal impairment. One out of 16 patients with haemorrhagic stroke (who eventually died), and 2 out of 9 patients with ischemic stroke required renal replacement. Conclusion: Renal impairment is commonly seen in stroke patients, more so in patients who suffered haemorrhagic strokes.  The impairment, however, is transient and rarely requires renal replacement therapy.

scholarly journals Renal impairment in stroke patients: A comparison between the haemorrhagic and ischemic variants

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratyush Shrestha ◽  
Shalima Thapa ◽  
Shikher Shrestha ◽  
Subash Lohani ◽  
Suresh BK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Renal Impairment ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Haemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Function Testing

Background: Renal impairment is regularly seen in hospitalized stroke patients, affecting the outcome of patients, as well as causing difficulties in their management. A prospective cohort study was conducted to assess the trend of renal function in hospitalized ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke patients. The incidence of renal impairment in these subgroups, the contributing factors and the need for renal replacement in renal impaired patients was evaluated. Methods: Alternate day renal function testing was performed in hospitalized stroke patients. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) was calculated and the trend of renal function in the two stroke subgroups (haemorrhagic and ischemic) was assessed, with renal impairment defined as e-GFR < 60mL/ minute per 1.73m2. Results: Among 52 patients, 25 had haemorrhagic stroke (mean age 59.81 ± 14.67) and 27 had ischemic stroke (mean age 56.12 ± 13.08). The mean e-GFR (mL/minute per 1.732m2) at admission in the haemorrhagic stroke subgroup was 64.79 ± 25.85 compared to 86.04 ± 26.09 in the ischemic stroke subgroup (p=0.005). Sixteen out of 25 (64%) patients in the haemorrhagic stroke subgroup and 9 out of 27 (33.3%) patients in the ischemic subgroup developed renal impairment (p=0.27). The location of the bleed (p=0.8), volume of hematoma (p=0.966) and surgical intervention (p=0.4) did not predispose the patients to renal impairment. One out of 16 patients with haemorrhagic stroke (who eventually died), and 2 out of 9 patients with ischemic stroke required renal replacement. Conclusion: Renal impairment is commonly seen in stroke patients, more so in patients who suffered haemorrhagic strokes.  The impairment, however, is transient and rarely requires renal replacement therapy.

scholarly journals Investigation of Olfactory Function Following Septorhinoplasty in Iranian Population by Rapid Smell Test (RST)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Amir Yarahmadi ◽  
Kamran Kamrava ◽  
Ali Shafee ◽  
Maryam Milanifard ◽  
Mohammad Aghajanpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
P Value ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Smell Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Smell Identification

Introduction: All surgical procedures on nose affect the olfactory function to some extent. There are different viewpoints about olfactory function after septorhinoplasty. We aim to investigate smell perception changes in patients following septorhinoplasty. In this study the use of Rapid Smell Test (RST) as a fast and reliable clinical tool was investigated. Methods: A prospective cohort study was done in Rasool Akram teaching hospital in 2018 and 2019. Group of 74 septorhinoplasty candidates aged over 18 was selected by convenience. Persian Smell Identification Test (PSIT) and rapid smell test (RST) was obtained from patients before surgery and one month after, if needed three months after and six months after. In addition for patients with dysfunction in any of follow up periods (one month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery) smell magnitude test (SMT) was used. All data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 24.0 (IBM SPSS Statistics Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Out of 74 patients participating in this study 67 were female. Mean age of 25.68±5.18 years was recorded for participants. All patients before surgery had PSIT score more than 19 and the mean PSIT score before operation was 22.63±1.39. Also all patients scored 5 out of 5 in RST before surgery. Mean PSIT score one month after surgery decreased to 22.21±2.20 but still 93 percent (69 patients) of participants were in range for normal olfactory function. We recorded this to be significant (p value = 0.044). RST after one month showed the same results. The difference between RST before and after surgery was also significant (p value = 0.024). For those 5 patients with abnormal olfactory function PSIT and RST were done 3 months after operation which determines normal olfactory function for all of them. As well as PSIT, RST also shows the same results and five participants recorded 5 out of 5 three months after surgery. Conclusion: This study showed changes in olfactory function after septorhinoplasty will resolve at most 3 months after surgery and it is safe to say there is no effect on olfactory function three months after operation. Also we demonstrated that RST can be a fast and reliable tool for assessing patients’ olfactory function in clinical setting.

scholarly journals Correlations Between METAVIR Staging, the Viral Load and Alanine Aminotransferase Levels in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C, Before and after 12 Weeks of Antiviral Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2420-2424
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Craciun Ciorba ◽  
Ilie Marius Ciorba ◽  
Ion Claudiu Puiac ◽  
Ligia Ariana Bancu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 170 million individuals worldwide are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The aim of study was to evaluate possible correlations between METAVIR staging, the viral loads and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C, before and after 12 weeks of treatment with PegInterferon a2a/a2b and Ribavirin. 93 consecutive patients with hepatitis C, were included in this study. The parameters followed were age, sex, Metavir histologic staging at the start of the treatment, hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid (HCV-RNA) and ALT at start and after 12 weeks of treatment, as well as alcohol intake. The study group was composed by 58 women and 35 men, with a mean age of 44.47 � 11.17 years. At the beginning of the treatment, the mean value of HCV-RNA was 1327163 � 145001 UI/mL, with a CI95%=1327163 � 287986.36 UI/mL, and the mean value for ALT was 112.7124 � 68.7403 U/l. After 12 weeks of therapy, significant differences were found concerning both HCV-RNA and ALT values. HCV-RNA lowered to a mean value of 457.3978 � 402.653 (p[0.0001), while ALT lowered to a mean value of 37.90 � 16.43U/l (p[0.0001). Neither the initial HCV-RNA nor ALT values had any correlations with the METAVIR histological staging of the fibrosis. Initial ALT was higher in those with alcohol intake (p=0.000048). The ALT values instead, after 3 months of treatment, decreased significantly (p[0.0001), did correlate with the METAVIR groups (p=0.0019). The evolutionary stage of fibrosis didn�t correlate with gender of the patients or initial values of the HCV-RNA or ALT. There was no correlation between the age/gender of the patients and the determined METAVIR score.

scholarly journals Carotid Artery Endarterectomy Effect on Choroidal Thickness: One-Year Follow-Up

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilad Rabina ◽  
Dana Barequet ◽  
Michael Mimouni ◽  
Yefim Rabinovitch ◽  
Yehuda Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Retinal Pathology ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Carotid Artery Endarterectomy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Ica Stenosis

Purpose. To evaluate the change in choroidal thickness after carotid artery endarterectomy (CEA) in patients without retinal pathology. Methods. A prospective series of patients who underwent CEA at the Tel Aviv Medical Center. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was performed one day before the CEA and at least 6 months after. Data included medical history, smoking history, percentage of carotid stenosis before and after CEA, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and choroidal thickness (subfoveal, 500 µm, 1000 µm, and 1500 µm nasal and temporal). Results. Eight patients (seven male and one female) with a mean age of 70.5 ± 6.1 years were included in the study. The mean internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis was 89.8% ± 5.1 in the operated side, 33.7% ± 10.9 in the nonoperated side (p<0.0001), and 0% after CEA (p<0.0001). Operated side BCVA was 0.35 ± 0.66 compared to 0.61 ± 0.83 in the nonoperated side (p=0.51). The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFChT) of the operated side was 277 ± 67 µm compared to 268 ± 71 µm in the nonoperated side (p=0.81). SFChT and CMT after CEA were 275 ± 64 µm (p=0.96) and 268 ± 29 µm (p=0.98), respectively. Conclusions. SFChT and CMT in patients without retinal or choroidal pathology and significant ICA stenosis can be normal and may not change after successful ipsilateral CEA.

Magnetic resonance imaging for quantitative flow measurement in infants with hydrocephalus: a prospective study

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Leliefeld ◽  
Rob H. J. M. Gooskens ◽  
Koen L. Vincken ◽  
Lino M. P. Ramos ◽  
Jeroen van der Grond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mr Angiography ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Csf Diversion ◽  
The Mean

Object Raised intracranial pressure (ICP) that is associated with hydrocephalus may lead to alterations in cerebral hemodynamics and ischemic changes in the brain. In infants with hydrocephalus, defining the right moment for surgical intervention based on clinical signs alone can sometimes be a difficult task. Clinical signs of raised ICP are known to be unreliable and sometimes even misleading. Furthermore, when sutures are closed, ICP does not always correlate with the size of the ventricles or with the clinical signs or symptoms. In this study the authors investigated whether cerebral blood flow (CBF) can be measured by using quantitative MR angiography in infants with progressive hydrocephalus. In addition, the authors investigated the relationship between CBF and ICP, before and after cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion. Methods Fifteen infants with progressive hydrocephalus (age range 1 day–7 months) were examined. All patients underwent anterior fontanel pressure measurement, MR angiography, and mean arterial blood pressure measurements before and after CSF diversion. Brain volume was measured to compensate for the physiological increase in CBF during brain maturation in infants. Results The mean preoperative ICP was 19.1 ± 8.4 cm H2O (± standard deviation). The mean postoperative ICP was 6.7 ± 4.0 cm H2O (p < 0.005). The mean preoperative CBF was 25.7 ± 11.3 ml/100 cm3 brain/min. After CSF diversion, CBF increased to 50.1 ± 12.1 ml/100 cm3 brain/min (p < 0.005). The mean arterial blood pressure did not change after surgical intervention. Conclusions Magnetic resonance imaging can be used to measure CBF in infants with hydrocephalus. Raised ICP was related to a decrease in CBF. After CSF diversion, CBF and ICP improved to values within the normal range.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Effect of Handle Vibration Diesel-Fueled Single-Axle Tractor on Handgrip Strength of Operators

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siraj Busse ◽  
Anthony Sinclair ◽  
Diresibachew Wondimu ◽  
Daniel Reda
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Vibration Exposure ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Average Operator ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maximum Grip Strength ◽  
Maximum Grip

Abstract Background: The transmission of vibration from a single-axis tractor to the human body is determined by its dynamic response; this, in turn, depends on the physical characteristics of a person's hand, the contact area, the strength of the grip, the push force of the tractor, and the position. The purpose of this work was to measure and evaluate handgrip strength and fatigue resistance for operators of a 15 horsepower single-axle tractor before and after vibration exposure. Methods: Grip strength of dominant and non-dominant hands before and after 30 minutes of tilling operations was measured and recorded. The operators performed tilling tasks with the tractor in third gear, while the vibration levels were measured at the tractor handle along with the vertical, forward, and transverse directions. Results: The average operator grip strength was 33.6 ± 2.7 and 26.3 ± 3.3 kg and the average overall grip strength declined from 39.7 to 29.31 kg, although the average fatigue strength was 27.6 and 26.5 seconds for the dominant hand before and after vibration exposure. For the non-dominant hand, the mean grip strength measured was 28.7±2.9 and 23.1±1.9 kg and the maximum grip strength was 32.79 and 26.25, while fatigue was 29.76 and 22 seconds before and after tilling respectively.Conclusion: The average reduction in grip strength suggest considerable differences in grip strength for dominant and non-dominant hands of single axle tractor operators and shows that vibration transmitted from the single axle tractor handle has a major effect on the operators.

Olfactory Changes at Threshold and Suprathreshold Levels following Septoplasty with Partial Inferior Turbinectomy

2003 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Damm ◽  
Markus Jungehülsing ◽  
Hans E. Eckel ◽  
Thomas Hummel
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Odor Discrimination ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Odor Identification ◽  
Nasal Airflow ◽  
Olfactory Test ◽  
Visual Analog Scales ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Odor Thresholds

Partial inferior turbinectomy with septoplasty is routinely carried out for airway obstruction. However, its effects on the sense of smell have not been systematically evaluated. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the influence of septoplasty with partial inferior turbinectomy on threshold and suprathreshold olfactory acuity. The subjects were 30 patients undergoing septoplasty including partial inferior turbinectomy. Olfactory function was determined by the “Sniffin' Sticks,” which allow the assessment of odor thresholds, odor discrimination, and odor identification. The patients rated both olfactory function and nasal airflow using visual analog scales. Nasal airflow was measured by anterior rhinomanometry. Multivariate analyses of variance for repeated measures were used to analyze the results before and after surgery (mean interval, 9.1 weeks). After operation, 87% of the patients had increased airflow, 80% had improved olfactory function in terms of odor identification, and in 70% odor discrimination was found to be improved — but only 54% had improved olfactory function in terms of odor thresholds. Surgery increased ratings of nasal airflow in 93%, and those of olfactory function in 77% (p < .001). Similarly, bilateral inspiratory nasal flow increased (p < .001) and olfactory function was improved (p < .001) after surgical treatment. However, this increase was most pronounced for suprathreshold tests, while it was moderate for odor thresholds (interaction “surgery” × “olfactory test,” p = .001). The present investigation suggests that septoplasty in combination with inferior turbinectomy has a beneficial effect on olfaction, mainly on suprathreshold olfactory functions. This effect may be partly due to interactions between the increased perception of nasal airflow and cognitive factors involved in olfactory sensitivity. According to the present results and data from the literature, a moderate decrease of olfactory function appears to occur in as many as 20% of patients. However, anosmia seems to be an extremely rare complication of septoplasty and partial turbinectomy.

Perbedaan Pengetahuan Siswa Tentang Penyakit Hepatitis A Sebelum Dan Sesudah Penyuluhan Di MTsN 02 Bondowoso Tahun 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Putri Megasari
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Test Design ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Paired T Test

Hepatitis has become a health problem in the world. The hepatitis virus infected many people. According to the teacher of MTsN 02 Bondowoso more than 20 students have hepatitis A viral infection. The purpose of this research was to know the differences of students' knowledge about hepatitis A before and after counseling in MTsN 02 Bondowoso 2015. This study used pre-experimental (pre-post test design). This study used stratified random sampling technique, 127 students from 270 sample involved this research,and 143 students was excluded. We used questionnaires to collect data. The results showed that the mean value of the students 'knowledge about hepatitis A before counseling in MTsN 02 Bondowoso 2015 was 83.96 with the lowest value of 37.5 and the highest value was 100. The mean value of the students' knowledge about hepatitis A after counseling in MTsN 02 Bondowoso 2015 was 93.21 with the lowest value waf 62.5 and the highest value was 100. Paired t test showed that t (-9.07) > t table (1.98), the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected. There was a difference between students' knowledge about hepatitis A before and after counseling in MTsN 02 Bondowoso 2015. This study showed that routine counseling by healthcare provider was important to prevent hepatitis A infection.; Keywords: counseling, knowledge of students, hepatitis

DUAL-ENERGY CT WITH XENON IN PATIENTS WITH LUNG PATHOLOGY. FIRST DATA

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
O. E. Karpov ◽  
O. Yu. Bronov ◽  
V. M. Kitaev ◽  
P. S. Vetshev ◽  
D. A. Pikhuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
Preoperative Preparation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pulmonary Pathology ◽  
Postoperative Lung Function

Routine diagnostic methods have limitations in terms of predicting the ventilation function of the lungs before and after surgery. It was decided to investigate the possibilities of dual-energy CT (DECT) using xenon in assessment of lung ventilation function.Objective: to master the methods of examination of patients with pulmonary pathology, evaluate the possibility of justifying the volume of operative intervention and prediction of postoperative lung function based on the hybrid images.Materials and methods. For the study, 12 patients with different pulmonary pathologies were selected (COPD – 5, lung cancer – 4, bronchiectasis – 3). Results. It was found that the use of DECT with xenon reflects the functional state of lung tissue.Conclusions. DECT with xenon have potential for planning surgical intervention and introducing the method into modern protocols of preoperative preparation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document