scholarly journals Coastal road mortality of land crab during spawning migration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Ryu ◽  
Jae Geun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Population Decline ◽  
Spring Tide ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Spawning Migration ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
Coastal Forest ◽  
Land Crab ◽  
Land Crabs ◽  
Ocean Sprawl

AbstractLand crabs are threatened by ocean sprawl even though they act as keystone consumers in coastal forest. Female land crabs must migrate to the sea annually to release larvae. However, they face the risk of road mortality which reduces ecological connectivity. We investigated the spawning migration rhythm and the roadkill of land crab. Migrating crabs and roadkilled crabs were recorded on coastal roads in South Korea from July 28 to August 27 in 2018. Female land crabs mainly released zoeae during spring tide. The number of roadkilled crabs also synchronized with migration peak. A majority (95%) of 739 roadkilled carcasses were female crabs. As a result, the female crabs accounted only 29.6% of the population which can lead to a population decline. The roadkill density was the highest in a residential area without cement guardrails. These results suggest the mitigation actions for land crab roadkill. Among them, prohibiting vehicular traffic between sunset and midnight during spring tides in the breeding season should increase the viability of the population.

scholarly journals Influence of roadkill during breeding migration on the sex ratio of land crab (Sesarma haematoche)

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Ryu ◽  
Jae Geun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
Artificial Structures ◽  
Land Crab ◽  
Land Crabs ◽  
Breeding Migration ◽  
Island Habitats

Abstract Adult land crabs generally live on land while their larvae live in the sea. In the case of Sesarma haematoche, female crabs migrate from land to sea to release the larvae at the high tide of syzygy night. Artificial structures along coastal areas are being obstacles for the migration of land crabs and causing synchronized roadkills on coastal roads during breeding migration. In this research, we compared the sex ratios of crab populations in coastal areas with coastal roads and uninhabited island areas with no road. The proportion of females in inland habitats with coastal roads was significantly smaller than island habitats. In particular, females are exposed to the risk of annually repeated roadkills, and the proportion of females decreases rapidly with their growth. If this tendency is general for land crab populations in the coastal areas with roads, significant road mortality of female land crabs during breeding migration can lead to severe population decline in coastal areas. Therefore, it is necessary to take an action to save land crabs crossing coastal roads.

scholarly journals Investigation on the road mortality of Anuran species on the Ikorodu-Epe/Ejirin-Ijebu Ode Roads in Lagos and Ogun States, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
A. B Onadeko ◽  
O. S. Ogoanah
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
The Road ◽  
Anuran Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
On The Road

The effect of road kills of anuran species by vehicular traffic on the Ikorodu-Epe/Ejirin-Ijebu Ode road in Lagos and Ogun States was investigated. The mean traffic density on the road during the survey (between 18:30-20:30hr and 06:00 and 07:00hr) was 127±45 vehicles/hr, which ranged between 72 and 216 vehicles/hr. A total of 738 anuran road mortalities among eight species were recorded [661 (89.6%) were identifiable, while 77 (10.4%) were not]. Ptychadena pumilio had the highest mortality of 67±27.1 individuals, while Xenopus muelleri and Aubria subsigillata were the least susceptible to road kills. This respectively represented 2.66±1.5 and 2.66±3 individuals each. Most mortality (256 individuals) occurred on the section of the road bordered by grassland/tertiary vegetation. However there was no significant difference (at P> 0.05) between the anurans killed along the different vegetation structures bordering the road (F2,21 = 0.415). About 473 live anurans belonging to five species were observed of which P. pumilio, the highest constituted the greatest number (81±42.9), while the least Hoplobatrachus occipitalis 7.3±4.2 was recorded. Both species had greater live counts than road kills compared to other anuran species that had greater road kills than live counts recorded. The greatest number of live anurans was recorded at where grassland/tertiaryvegetation occurred. This constituted a total of 198 individuals (41.8%), while the least occurred at the secondary/primaryvegetation which had 95 individuals (20%). However, the difference was not significant (F2,12 = 0.600) at P> 0.05. It is evident that anuran migration is an integral part of their biological activity. However vehicular traffic sadly possesses a negative effect on this activity. Precautionary measures are necessary to reduce population decline and possible extinction of not only the anuran species but also other wildlife species, which is a positive direction in the conservation of biological diversity.  Keywords: Vehicular traffic, anuran, mortality, vegetation, road kill, conservation 

11. Mitigation of Wildlife Collision Mortality at Little Cataraqui Creek Wetland

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Keenan ◽  
Jeffy Henderson ◽  
Lauren Malo ◽  
Diana Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Coastal Marsh ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Turtle Species ◽  
Wetland Species ◽  
Specific Species

               Our research team is concerned with potential reptile and amphibian road mortality through Little Cataraqui Creek wetland along Front Rd. and Bath Rd. in Kingston, Ontario. The coastal marsh is a provincially significant wetland that supports species of migrating and breeding waterfowl, wetland dependent reptiles and amphibians, and may support some of Ontario’s threatened turtle species. The coastal wetland also provides a protected nesting area for a migrating species within Lake Ontario. Specific species of turtles, salamanders and frogs will be investigated.  Our team will identify general breeding, nesting and migratory behavior patterns of associated wetland species, and establish potential indirect effects on the wetland ecosystem due to population decline. Traffic volume and speed limits of Front Rd. and Bath Rd. at Little Cataraqui Creek Wetland will be identified, and any current wildlife crossing systems in place will be evaluated. Based on this research, our team will establish the significance of wildlife road mortality within Little Cataraqui Creek Wetland at Front Rd. and Bath Rd., and propose suitable mitigation techniques. These techniques may include implementing structural design solutions such as road barriers, culverts, etc., as well as increasing public awareness of wildlife crossing on Bath Rd. and Front Rd. by proposing appropriate traffic laws in the area. Themes include wetland species breeding and nesting behavior, and urban/traffic development issues surrounding wetland ecosystems.

Land crabs as key drivers in tropical coastal forest recruitment

2009 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Stewart Lindquist ◽  
Ken W. Krauss ◽  
Peter T. Green ◽  
Dennis J. O’Dowd ◽  
Peter M. Sherman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Forest ◽  
Land Crabs ◽  
Key Drivers

scholarly journals Meat Quality of Land Crab, Cardiosoma armatum (Herklots, 1851) Fattened with Trash Fish and Formulated Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-377
Author(s):  
G. OLuwole ◽  
R. O. Moruf ◽  
A. O. Lawal-Are
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Land Crab ◽  
Formulated Diet ◽  
Trash Fish ◽  
Land Crabs ◽  
Significant Difference

Meat quality in terms of its nutritional value, is a major factor when considering dietary items. This study highlighted the proximate and mineral compositions in the meat of Land Crab, Cardiosoma armatum (Herklots, 1851) fed with Trash Fish (Natural feed) and formulated diet for three (3) months. The meat proximate composition of both crabs fed the two different diets was similar, and there was no significant difference in the crude protein, fat and fiber contents of the meat (p > 0.05). The diets had no significant effects on magnesium, sodium, potassium and phosphorus contents of the meat. Crabs fed formulated diet had significantly higher calcium content of 20428.52±0.10 mg/100 g, compared with the crabs fed with Trash Fish of 18541.83±0.10 mg/100 g (p < 0.05). The pattern of mineral contents in both crabs was calcium > phosphorus > magnesium > sodium > potassium. This study suggested no negative effects of formulated diet on the meat quality. Therefore, formulated diet could be used for fattening of Land Crabs.

Prevalence, Serovars, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Salmonella Isolated from Blue Land Crabs (Cardisoma guanhumi) in Grenada, West Indies

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1270-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSS PETERSON ◽  
HARRY HARIHARAN ◽  
VANESSA MATTHEW ◽  
SAM CHAPPELL ◽  
ROB DAVIES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Land Crab ◽  
Land Crabs ◽  
Cardisoma Guanhumi ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Human Illness ◽  
Salmonella Serotypes ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Samples of intestine and hepatopancreas from 65 blue land crabs (Cardisoma guanhumi), a crustacean commonly consumed as a food item in Grenada, were collected from six geographic sites in Grenada and tested for Salmonella by enrichment and selective culture. The individual animal prevalence of Salmonella based on isolation was 17% (11 of 65), and all infected crabs were from three of the six sampled locations. Isolates were identified by serotyping as Salmonella enterica serovars Saintpaul (n = 6), Montevideo (n = 4), and Newport (n = 1). The intestines of all 11 infected crabs were positive for Salmonella, but only 7 of 11 hepatopancreas samples were positive for Salmonella, and these isolates were the same serovar as isolated from the matching intestine. These three Salmonella serovars are known to cause human illness in many countries, and in the Caribbean Salmonella Saintpaul has been frequently isolated from humans. In a disc diffusion assay, all isolates were susceptible to all 11 drugs tested: amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, neomycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. To our knowledge, this report is the first concerning isolation and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Salmonella serotypes from the blue land crab.

scholarly journals Impact of vehicular traffic on vertebrate fauna in Horton plains and Yala national parks of Sri Lanka: some implications for conservation and management

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 9928
Author(s):  
Suranjan Karunarathna ◽  
Sudheera Ranwala ◽  
Thilina Surasinghe ◽  
Majintha Madawala
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
National Parks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Strict Enforcement ◽  
Developed Nations

Impacts of roadkills are extensively documented in developed nations.  Only a handful of studies on road mortality has emerged from developing nations where tourism and rural development have led to an expansion of transportation networks.  To fill such gaps, we conducted a survey to document roadkills in and around two tourism-heavy national parks of Sri Lanka and identified factors that contribute to road mortality.  Based on a questionnaire, we interviewed 68 local villagers, 56 local and 59 foreign visitors, and 57 safari drivers to document their opportunistic observations on roadkills, their awareness about roadkills, and to understand potential causes of roadkills.  We found 47 roadkilled vertebrate species at both parks; among these, 19 are threatened and 20 are endemic.  Our research revealed that herpetofauna were killed the most.  We concluded that increased visitation, high-speed driving, lack of awareness, and poor law enforcement as the likely causes of roadkills at both parks.  As mitigatory actions, we proposed posting speed limits, increasing awareness of the tourists and safari drivers, limiting vehicle access to the parks, seasonal or night-time access restrictions, and strict enforcement of the speed limits inside national parks. 

scholarly journals Changes in precipitation may alter food preference in an ecosystem engineer, the black land crab, Gecarcinus ruricola

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6818
Author(s):  
Iain J. McGaw ◽  
Travis E. Van Leeuwen ◽  
Rebekah H. Trehern ◽  
Amanda E. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Ecosystem Engineer ◽  
Nutrient Recycling ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Land Crab ◽  
Land Crabs ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Black Land

Gecarcinid land crabs are ecosystem engineers playing an important role in nutrient recycling and seedling propagation in coastal forests. Given a predicted future decline in precipitation for the Caribbean, the effects of dehydration on feeding preferences of the black land crab Gecarcinus ruricola were investigated. G. ruricola were offered novel food items of lettuce, apple, or herring to test for food choice based on water and nutritional (energetic) content in single and multiple choice experimental designs. The effect of dehydration was incorporated by depriving crabs of water for 0, 4, or 8 days, leading to an average body water loss of 0%, 9%, and 17%, respectively, (crabs survived a body water loss of 23% + 2% and 14–16 days without access to water). The results were consistent between the single and multiple choice experiments: crabs consumed relatively more apple and fish and only small amounts of lettuce. Overall, no selective preferences were observed as a function of dehydration, but crabs did consume less dry food when deprived of water and an overall lower food intake with increasing dehydration levels occurred. The decrease in feeding was likely due to loss of water from the gut resulting in the inability to produce ample digestive juices. Future climatic predictions suggest a 25–50% decline in rainfall in the Caribbean, which may lead to a lower food intake by the crabs, resulting in compromised growth. The subsequent reduction in nutrient recycling highlights possible long-term effects on coastal ecosystems and highlights the importance of future work on climate relative behavioral interactions that influence ecosystem function.

scholarly journals Can Short-Term Citizen Science Training Increase Knowledge, Improve Attitudes, and Change Behavior to Protect Land Crabs?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsuan Hsu ◽  
Yuan-Mou Chang ◽  
Chi-Chang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Scientific Literacy ◽  
Environmental Literacy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Land Crab ◽  
Behavior Intention ◽  
Science Projects ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Land Crabs ◽  
And Behavior

Citizen science projects are considered popular and efficient approaches to scientific research and conservation of sustainability. In addition, much research suggests that citizen science can improve participants’ environmental and scientific literacy when they participate in surveys over a period of time. However, considerable research indicates that people in short-term training programs do not change their environmental literacy significantly. Nevertheless, studies have stated that these results might result from inappropriate evaluation methods. In this study, we used personal meaning mapping (PMM) to evaluate participants’ knowledge, attitude, and behavior intention in relation to land crab protection. This method merges quantitative and qualitative dimensions, used in scientific knowledge research, which we extend to evaluate attitude and behavior intention. As a result, even with short-term training, we observe that participants’ knowledge, attitude, and behavior intention significantly improves. Although some individuals exhibit no change in certain respects, we use PMM to understand the causes in detail. Taiwan is an island, famous for its fertile landscapes and biodiversity, and we anticipate finding efficient means to improve public environmental literacy. According to our research, public engagement in citizen science projects is an excellent approach to environmental education and conservation for sustainability.

“What Does the Fox Say” – A Review of the Grey Fox in Canada and its Current Status as a Threatened Species

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Deere
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Species At Risk ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
The Us ◽  
Species At Risk Act

In Canada, the grey fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) is found with certainty in Ontario and Manitoba, but has also been sighted in other provinces. Interestingly, there is little Canadian research on the grey fox, despite its status as “threatened” on both the Ontario Species at Risk list and on the Canadian Species at Risk Act. Possible reasons that the grey fox has not received as much attention as other at-risk species in Canada include its lack of economic value and its high abundance in the United States (US). It is believed that the grey fox was once as widespread as the red fox (Vulpes Vulpes) in Southern Ontario, but today that is no longer the case. It is currently believed that less than 250 individuals are found in Canada and the fate of their population is unknown. This change in population abundance shows the importance of gaining more information on the grey fox’s current distribution in Canada. Within the US, the primary threat to this species is excessive hunting; while in Canada, by-catch, deforestation, and road mortality represent greater dangers. The focus of this presentation will be to summarize current knowledge on Canadian populations of the grey fox with some reference to populations in the US in order to highlight the importance of this trans-boundary species within Canadian ecosystems. I will provide recommendations to both the Federal Government of Ontario and the Municipality of Peelee Island, while outlining possible conservation solutions for the population decline of the grey fox in Canada.

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