scholarly journals Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles for the fabrication of non cytotoxic and antibacterial metallic polymer based nanocomposite system

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Raza ◽  
Asma Ansari ◽  
Nadir Naveed Siddiqui ◽  
Fariha Ibrahim ◽  
Muhammad Ishaque Abro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Spectroscopic Technique ◽  
Polydispersity Index ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Nanocomposite System

AbstractNanomaterials have significantly contributed in the field of nanomedicine as this subject matter has combined the usefulness of natural macromolecules with organic and inorganic nanomaterials. In this respect, various types of nanocomposites are increasingly being explored in order to discover an effective approach in controlling high morbidity and mortality rate that had triggered by the evolution and emergence of multidrug resistant microorganisms. Current research is focused towards the production of biogenic silver nanoparticles for the fabrication of antimicrobial metallic-polymer-based non-cytotoxic nanocomposite system. An ecofriendly approach was adapted for the production of silver nanoparticles using fungal biomass (Aspergillus fumigatus KIBGE-IB33). The biologically synthesized nanoparticles were further layered with a biodegradable macromolecule (chitosan) to improve and augment the properties of the developed nanocomposite system. Both nanostructures were characterized using different spectrographic analyses including UV–visible and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, dynamic light scattering, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic technique. The biologically mediated approach adapted in this study resulted in the formation of highly dispersed silver nanoparticles that exhibited an average nano size and zeta potential value of 05 nm (77.0%) and − 22.1 mV, respectively with a polydispersity index of 0.4. Correspondingly, fabricated silver–chitosan nanocomposites revealed a size of 941 nm with a zeta potential and polydispersity index of + 63.2 mV and 0.57, respectively. The successful capping of chitosan on silver nanoparticles prevented the agglomeration of nanomaterial and also facilitated the stabilization of the nano system. Both nanoscopic entities exhibited antimicrobial potential against some pathogenic bacterial species but did not displayed any antifungal activity. The lowest minimal inhibitory concentration of nanocomposite system (1.56 µg ml−1) was noticed against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Fractional inhibitory concentration index of the developed nanocomposite system confirmed its improved synergistic behavior against various bacterial species with no cytotoxic effect on NIH/3T3 cell lines. Both nanostructures, developed in the present study, could be utilized in the form of nanomedicines or nanocarrier system after some quantifiable trials as both of them are nonhazardous and have substantial antibacterial properties.

scholarly journals The Synergistic Effect of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles and Phage ZCSE2 as a Novel Approach to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Abdallah S. Abdelsattar ◽  
Rana Nofal ◽  
Salsabil Makky ◽  
Anan Safwat ◽  
Amera Taha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Transmission Electron

The emergence and evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is considered a public health concern. Salmonella is one of the most common pathogens that cause high mortality and morbidity rates in humans, animals, and poultry annually. In this work, we developed a combination of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with bacteriophage (phage) as an antimicrobial agent to control microbial growth. The synthesized AgNPs with propolis were characterized by testing their color change from transparent to deep brown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The phage ZCSE2 was found to be stable when combined with AgNPs. Both minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were evaluated for AgNPs, phage, and their combination. The results indicated that MIC and MBC values were equal to 23 µg/mL against Salmonella bacteria at a concentration of 107 CFU/mL. The combination of 0.4× MIC from AgNPs and phage with Multiplicity of Infection (MOI) 0.1 showed an inhibitory effect. This combination of AgNPs and phage offers a prospect of nanoparticles with significantly enhanced antibacterial properties and therapeutic performance.

scholarly journals Biomedical Potentialities of Silver Nanoparticles for Clinical Multiple Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghui Chen ◽  
Xiaoxu Yu ◽  
Qianyu Huo ◽  
Qin Yuan ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistant ◽  
New Strategy

Multidrug-resistant A. baumannii is increasingly recognized as a significant problem in hospitals and causes high morbidity and mortality. Here, we studied the antibacterial effects of AgNPs on clinically isolated multiple drug-resistant A. baumannii, and search for the potential antibacterial mechanism. Based on the results from the colony-forming unit (CFU) method, flow cytometry (FC), and a BrdU ELISA, we conclude that AgNPs can simultaneously induce apoptosis and inhibit new DNA synthesis in bacteria in a concentration-dependent manner. This study presents the first discussion of an antibacterial effect by AgNPs in clinically isolated, multidrug-resistant A. Baumannii and provides a new strategy for the use of silver nanoparticles in the multidrug-resistant A. Baumannii clinical problem.

scholarly journals Combined efficacy of silver nanoparticles and commercial antibiotics on different phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 1647
Author(s):  
A. KAZEMNIA ◽  
M. AHMADI ◽  
K. MARDANI ◽  
M. MORADI ◽  
R. DARVISHZADEH
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Polymeric Chains

Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) can attach to flexible polymeric chains of antibiotics, hence it can be used in combination with antibiotics against resistant bacteria. In this study, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and MBC/MIC ratio of Ag-NPs and antibiotics (gentamicin, tetracycline, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, cefixime, cephalexin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, and penicillin) were quantified against 50 Escherichia coli isolates (25 human urinary tract infection and 25 avian colibacillosis). All isolates had been assigned as four phylogenetic groups A, B1, B2, and D. The results showed that the majority of the human and broiler isolates belonged to phylogenetic groups A and B2. MBC/MIC ratio of Ag-NPs in combination with antibiotics was assessed. It was found that the MIC of the majority of broiler isolates to Ag-NPs was equal to or greater than 50 μg/ml. To conclude, a combination of penicillin and ciprofloxacin with Ag-NPs exhibited profound impact against isolates, the combinations might be applicable for treating multidrug-resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Production of Silver Nanoparticles with Strong and Stable Antimicrobial Activity against Highly Pathogenic and Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr T. M. Saeb ◽  
Ahmad S. Alshammari ◽  
Hessa Al-Brahim ◽  
Khalid A. Al-Rubeaan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Particle Stability

Aims. To synthesize, characterize, and analyze antimicrobial activity of AgNPs ofEscherichia hermannii(SHE),Citrobacter sedlakii(S11P), andPseudomonas putida(S5).Methods. The synthesized AgNPs were examined using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) and, zeta potential, and the size and the morphology obtained from the three different isolates were also confirmed by TEM.Results. Among the three isolates tested, SHE showed the best antimicrobial activity due to the presence of small (4–12 nm) and stable (−22 mV) AgNPs. Stability of AgNPs was also investigated and found to be dependent on the nature of isolates.Conclusion. Produced AgNPs showed particle stability and antimicrobial efficacy up to 90 days of production. Our AgNPs exhibited greater antimicrobial activity compared with gentamicin againstP. aeruginosaisolates and vancomycin againstS. aureusand MRSA isolates at very low concentration (0.0002 mg per Microliters).

scholarly journals Effect of silver nanoparticles combined with antibiotics on different phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kazemnia
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Polymeric Chains

Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) can attach to flexible polymeric chains of antibiotics, hence it can be used in combination with antibiotics against resistant bacteria. In this study, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and MBC/MIC ratio of Ag-NPs and antibiotics (gentamicin, tetracycline, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, cefixime, cephalexin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, and penicillin) were quantified against 50 Escherichia coli isolates (25 human urinary tract infection and 25 avian colibacillosis). All isolates had been assigned as four phylogenetic groups A, B1, B2, and D. The results showed that the majority of the human and broiler isolates belonged to phylogenetic groups A and B2. MBC/MIC ratio of Ag-NPs in combination with antibiotics was assessed. It was found that the MIC of the majority of broiler isolates to Ag-NPs was equal to or greater than 50 µg/ml. To conclude, as combination of penicillin with Ag-NPs and ciprofloxacin with Ag-NPs exhibited profound impact against isolates, the combinations might be used against multidrug resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Phenothiazinium Photosensitizers Associated with Silver Nanoparticles in Enhancement of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Glaucia Rigotto Caruso ◽  
Ludmilla Tonani ◽  
Priscyla Daniely Marcato ◽  
Marcia Regina von Zeska Kress
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Scattering Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Plasmon Band ◽  
Low Concentrations

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known as promising alternatives for the control of microorganisms. This study aims to evaluate the antifungal activity of APDT, particularly by using the association of low concentrations of phenothiazinium photosensitizers (PS) methylene blue (MB), new methylene blue N (NMBN), and new methylene blue N Zinc (NMBN-Zn) in association with biosynthesized AgNPs. The AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, and the dynamic light scattering method. The minimum inhibitory concentration of compounds in APDT against Candida albicans and Fusarium keratoplasticum was obtained and the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index determined the antifungal effect. The toxicity of compounds and associations in APDT were evaluated in Galleria mellonella. The AgNPs presented a surface plasmon band peak at 420 nm, hydrodynamic diameter of 86.72 nm, and zeta potential of −28.6 mV. AgNPs-PS showed a wider and displaced plasmon band peak due to PS ligands on the surface and decreased zeta potential. AgNPs-NMBN and AgNPs-NMBN-Zn associations presented synergistic effect in APDT with 15 J cm−2 against both fungi and did not show toxicity to G. mellonella. Hence, the enhancement of antifungal activity with low concentrations of compounds and absence of toxicity makes APDT with AgNPs-PS a promising therapeutic alternative for fungal infections.

scholarly journals fosM, a new family of fosfomycin resistance gene identified in bacterial species isolated from human microbiota

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Khabthani ◽  
Mouna Hamel ◽  
Sophie Alexandra Baron ◽  
Seydina Diene ◽  
Jean-Marc Rolain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Human Microbiota ◽  
New Family ◽  
Fosfomycin Resistance

Fosfomycin is a decades-old antibiotic, currently reused because of its activity against multidrug resistant bacteria. Here, we used a combined in vitro/in silico approach to search for fosfomycin resistance determinants in 25 new bacterial species isolated from the human microbiota. Putative resistance genes were cloned into a susceptible Escherichia coli. Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values increased from 1 μg/ml to 1024 μg/ml. We report here new family of potential chromosomal fosfomycin resistance genes named fosM.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract anda study of antibacterial effect against multi-drug resistance Gram-negativebacteria

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255
Author(s):  
Saleh Reyam F. ◽  
Gaidan Ayad M
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Complete Resistance ◽  
Ft Ir

Introduction and Aim:Nanoparticles for some metals can be used in the treatment of diseases caused by different pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics due to the antibacterial properties of thesenanoparticles.In the current study, thesynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag) from Cinnamon zeylanicum bark extractwas investigated.   Materials and Methods:One mL of cinnamon bark extract was added to 50mL of 1mM of the silver nitrate (AgNO3). After incubation time of bark extract with AgNO3at room temperature for 1-18hours, the silver nanoparticles synthesis through changed colour of the mixture to dark brown.The UV, TEM and FT-IR analysis were carried out to characterize the biosynthesized Ag-NPs, UV-Vis scan showed absorption around 435 nm while TEM showedAg-NPs spherical shape and the sizes of the and FT-IR spectrum detected the presence of different functional groups responsible for reduction and stability of Ag-NPs in an aqueous solution.   Results:Biosynthesized Ag-NPs showed inhibitory effect against someGram-negative bacterial species that have complete resistance to the antibiotics P, NA, VA, E, TE. The inhibition zone of Ag-NPs wasdetermined as follows (Citrobacter freundii19mm, Klebsiella pneumonae23mm, E.coli 23mm, Enterobacter spp 20 mm, Acinetobacter baumannii20mm.Therefore, Ag-NPs can be used as alternative treatment for some antibiotics.   Conclusion: The Ag-NPs can be successfully prepared form Cinnamomum bark plant. Besides their low cost, these NPs had an antibacterial effect especially against Gram negative bacteria which had a complete resistance to the most common antibiotics

Synergistic Effect of Tazobactam on Amikacin MIC in Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Burn Patients in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 997-1004
Author(s):  
Leila Azimi ◽  
Sahel V. Tahbaz ◽  
Reza Alaghehbandan ◽  
Farank Alinejad ◽  
Abdolaziz R. Lari
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Before And After

Background: Burn is still an important global public health challenge. Wound colonization of antibiotic resistant bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii can lead to high morbidity and mortality in burn patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of tazobactam on efflux pump, which can cause aminoglycoside resistant in A. baumannii isolated from burn patients. Methods: In this study, 47 aminoglycoside resistant A. baumannii spp. were obtained from burn patients, admitted to the Shahid Motahari Burns Hospital in Tehran, Iran, during June-August 2018. The inhibitory effect of tazobactam against adeB such as efflux pump was evaluated by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determination of amikacin alone and in combination with tazobactam. Fractional Inhibitory Concentration index (FIC) was used to determine the efficacy of tazobactam/ amikacin combination. Further, semi-quantitative Real- Time PCR was performed to quantify the expression rates of the adeB gene before and after addition of tazobactam/amikacin. Results: The MIC values were significantly reduced when a combined amikacin and tazobactam was utilized. The most common interaction observed was synergistic (78.2%), followed by additive effects (21.8%), as per FIC results. The adeB mRNA expression levels were found to be downregulated in 60.7% of isolates treated with tazobactam. Conclusions: Tazobactam can have impact on resistance to aminoglycoside by inhibiting efflux pump. Thus, the combination of tazobactam with amikacin can be used as an alternative treatment approach in multidrug resistant A. baumannii infections.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of grapefruit peel extracts and green-synthesized silver nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
pp. 1330-1341
Author(s):  
Mbarga M. J. Arsène ◽  
I. V. Podoprigora ◽  
Anyutoulou K. L. Davares ◽  
Marouf Razan ◽  
M. S. Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Grapefruit Peel ◽  
Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

Background and Aim: The gradual loss of efficacy of conventional antibiotics is a global issue. Plant material extracts and green-synthesized nanoparticles are among the most promising options to address this problem. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial properties of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of grapefruit peels as well as their inclusion in green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Materials and Methods: Aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts (80% v/v) were prepared, and the volume and mass yields were determined. The synthesis of AgNPs was done in an eco-friendly manner using AgNO3 as a precursor. The nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet–vis spectrometry and photon cross-correlation spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was tested on three Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, clinical Enterococcus faecalis, and S. aureus) and two Gram-negative bacteria (two clinical Escherichia coli) using various concentrations of extracts (100, 50, 25, 12, and 5 mg/mL and 5% dimethyl sulfoxide as negative control). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using the microdilution method. Modulation of cefazoline and ampicillin on resistant E. coli and S. aureus strains was added to the mixture design response surface methodology with extreme vertices design, with the diameters of inhibition and the fractional inhibitory concentration index as responses and factors, respectively. The antibiotic, the ethanolic extract, and water varied from 0.1 MIC to 0.9 MIC for the first two and from 0 to 0.8 in proportion for the third. Validating the models was done by calculating the absolute average deviation, bias factor, and accuracy factor. Results: The volume yield of the EE and aqueous extract (AE) was 96.2% and 93.8% (v/v), respectively, whereas their mass yields were 7.84% and 9.41% (m/m), respectively. The synthesized AgNPs were very uniform and homogeneous, and their size was dependent on the concentration of AgNO3. The antibacterial activity of the two extracts was dose-dependent, and the largest inhibition diameter was observed for the Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus ATCC 6538; AE, 12; EE, 16), whereas AgNPs had a greater effect on Gram-negative bacteria. The MICs (mg/mL) of the AEs varied from 3.125 (S. aureus ATCC 6538) to 12.5 (E. coli 1 and E. coli 2), whereas the MICs of the EEs varied from 1.5625 (S. aureus 1, S. aureus ATCC 6538, and E. faecalis) to 6.25 (E. coli 1). There was a significant difference between the MICs of AEs and EEs (p=0.014). The MBCs (mg/mL) of the AEs varied from 12.5 (S. aureus ATCC 6538) to 50 (S. aureus 1), whereas those of the EEs varied from 6.25 (S. aureus 1) to 25 (E. coli 1 and E. faecalis). Ethanolic grapefruit extracts demonstrated an ability to modulate cefazolin on E. coli and S. aureus but were completely indifferent to ampicillin on E. coli. Conclusion: Grapefruit peel extracts and their AgNPs exhibit antibacterial properties that can be exploited for the synthesis of new antimicrobials and their EEs may be efficiently used synergistically with other antibiotics against bacteria with intermediate susceptibility.

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