scholarly journals Plant debris are hotbeds for pathogenic bacteria on recreational sandy beaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Suzuki ◽  
Hiroki Shimizu ◽  
Takahiro Kuroda ◽  
Yusuke Takada ◽  
Kei Nukazawa
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Bacterial Pollution ◽  
Untreated Sewage ◽  
Brevundimonas Vesicularis ◽  
Typhoon Season ◽  
Faecal Bacteria

AbstractOn recreational sandy beaches, there are guidelines for the management of bacterial pollution in coastal waters regarding untreated sewage, urban wastewater, and industrial wastewater. However, terrestrial plant debris on coastal beaches can be abundant especially after floods and whilst it has rarely been considered a concern, the bacterial population associated with this type of pollution from the viewpoint of public health has not been adequately assessed. In this study, microbes associated with plant debris drifting onto Kizaki Beach in Japan were monitored for 8 months throughout the rainy season, summer, typhoon season, and winter. Here we show that faecal-indicator bacteria in the plant debris and sand under the debris were significantly higher than the number of faecal bacteria in the sand after a 2015 typhoon. When we focused on specific pathogenic bacteria, Brevundimonas vesicularis and Pseudomonas alcaligenes were commonly detected only in the plant debris and sand under the debris during the survey period. The prompt removal of plant debris would therefore help create safer beaches.

scholarly journals New Challenges Towards the Ecological Management of Paliastomi Lake Will Significantly Improve the Local Environment With Far-Going Positive Global Consequences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigol Abramia ◽  
Leila Gverdsiteli ◽  
Dimitri Eristavi ◽  
Besik Kalandadze ◽  
Akaki Girgvliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Bacterial Pollution ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract BackgroundThe purpose of the research was to provide the review of the institutional and legal requirements and evaluation of the existing sanitary-biological research of the Lake Paliastomi waters; study the current state of environment, problems of pollution from agricultural sources, municipal wastewater and industry in line with the bacterial pollution caused by migratory waterfowl of the Lake Paliastomi, an internationally recognized habitat, wintery and transit area of the birds and an important tourism site. ResultsHave been prepared the analytical data on: the review of the institutional and legal requirements; evaluation of the existing sanitary-biological research of the following waters in the Lake; definition of dynamics of sanitary-microbial indicators in flowing waters; study of biological characteristics of secreted pathogenic agents and definition of their vulnerability towards bacteriophages; mathematical simulation model on different scenarios of dissemination of chemical pollutants and pathogenic bacteria in the lake Paliastomi. The researchers identified that the pollution by nutrient-rich water causing large blooms of algae and aquatic plants that in its turn leaves little oxygen for fish and other aquatic animals, resulting in the eutrophication followed by suffocation of aquatic life.ConclusionsThe solution of problem requires complex respond: the selected spring sites, regular monitoring of nitrate contents and other basic physico-chemical water parameters; simultaneous, continuous discharge recording; monitoring and maintaining water levels in the wetlands; removing sediment and organic debris build up in wetland pond and etc.Mathematical modeling of dissemination of the pathogenic bacteria in the Lake Paliastomi enables us to permanently monitor not only the inflowing waters of Paliastomi Lake, but seasonal sources of bacterial pollution due to the migratory birds. In line with monitoring, localized prophylactic point sources spraying of Salmonella bacteriophage cocktail (SBC) by agricultural drones will be useful to restrain bacterial contamination.

scholarly journals New Challenges Towards the Ecological Management of Paliastomi Lake Will Significantly Improve the Local Environment With Far-Going Global Consequences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigol Abramia ◽  
Leila Gverdtsiteli ◽  
Dimitri Eristavi ◽  
Besik Kalandadze ◽  
Akaki Girgvliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Bacterial Pollution ◽  
Migratory Waterfowl ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Moment ◽  
State Of The Environment

Abstract The publication is addressing the problems of pollution from agricultural sources; municipal wastewater and industry in line with the bacterial pollution caused by migratory waterfowl of Paliastomi Lake that is an internationally recognized habitat, wintery and transit area of the birds and an important tourism site. It reviews: the current state of the environment of Paliastomi Lake at the moment of the chemical and microbiological research and mathematical simulation modeling of possible dissemination of polluting chemicals and bacterial pathogens; pollution by nutrient-rich water causing large blooms of algae and aquatic plants that in its turn leaves little oxygen for fish and other aquatic animals, resulting in the eutrophication followed by suffocation of aquatic life. According to the research provided, the publication recommends ongoing monitoring of not only the lake's inflowing waters, but also seasonal sources of bacterial pollution caused by migratory birds. According to monitoring, the integration of constructed wetlands, localized spraying of bacteriophage cocktails, and feeding the birds, who are potential carriers of pathogenic bacteria, with food supplemented with BCs will help limit bacterial contamination, improve the habitat for local and migratory waterfowl, and ensure the biosecurity of the area.

URBAN IMPACTS ON MICROBIOLOGICAL POLLUTION OF THE ST. CLAIR RIVER IN SARNIA, ONTARIO

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Marsalek ◽  
B. J. Dutka ◽  
I. K. Tsanis
Keyword(s):  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Shore Zone ◽  
Bacterial Pollution ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Urban Impacts ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
Faecal Bacteria

Urban impacts on faecal bacterial pollution of the near-shore zone of the St. Clair River in Sarnia were studied by means of field observations and computer modelling. Towards this end, water samples were collected at various sources of faecal pollution and at nine sampling stations in the river, and analysed for faecal coliform, faecal streptococci, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and coliphage. Probabilistic distributions of the observed microorganism densities were used to assess the levels of faecal bacteria pollution, describe the impacts of urban sources on faecal bacteria concentrations in the river, and make inferences about compliance with the recreational water quality guidelines. Relatively high probabilities of guideline violations (p > 30%, at most sites, in dry weather) indicated the need for remedial measures. The screening of such measures was accomplished by preliminary modelling of indicator bacteria in the receiving waters, using a bacteria loading model interfaced with a receiving water model.

scholarly journals Technology of surface wastewater purification, including high-rise construction areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 02052
Author(s):  
Anna Tsyba ◽  
Yury Skolubovich
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Wastewater Purification ◽  
Industrial Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Untreated Sewage

Despite on the improvements in the quality of high-rise construction areas and industrial wastewater treatment, the pollution of water bodies continues to increase. This is due to the organized and unorganized surface untreated sewage entry into the reservoirs. The qualitative analysis of some cities’ surface sewage composition is carried out in the work. Based on the published literature review, the characteristic contamination present in surface wastewater was identified. The paper proposes a new technology for the treatment of surface sewage and presents the results of preliminary studies.

scholarly journals Isolation of bacteriophages from untreated sewage water against multi-drug resistant E.coli - An initiative to fight against drug resistance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hina Qamar ◽  
Mohd Owais ◽  
Dushyant Kumar Chauhan ◽  
Sumbul Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Untreated Sewage

Abstract Background: Pathogenic Escherichia coli, common drinking water contaminant, cause a large number of morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to the WHO estimates approximately 63,000 annual deaths are due to E. coli infections. Due to selective pressure on coliforms, resistant microbial strains are produced that threatens modern medicine where common infections could become more deadly. So, there is an urgent need to develop alternative anti-microbial to replace existing antibiotics for treating a broad spectrum of bacterial diseases. This revived the interest of scientists in phages as an alternative therapy. Phage therapy is defined as a therapeutic use of bacteriophages (natural predators of bacteria) for treating bacterial infections. In the present study pure phage strain was isolated from the untreated sewage water sample and subjected to 10 fold dilution following double agar layer assay to determine phage titer against multi-drug resistant E.coli following host range analysis and stability testing at varying temperature and pH. Results: Sewage water contains a vast variety of different sizes bacteriophages with clear to diffused boundaries. The pure plaque isolated after repeated plating showed that it was highly specific against tested E. coli strain and could not lyse strains from other species. The titer was calculated to be 109 PFU/ml that remained unchanged at 4°C, 37°C and 50°C temperature. However, at higher pH range phage viability decreases. Conclusions: In future, it would be expected that the isolated bacteriophages could be characterized and used as a therapeutic potential against multi-drug resistant E.coli that not only attenuate superbug spread but could also replace antibiotics. Beside, isolated phages would be utilized as a bio-component in biosensor development against food borne pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Insight Into Impacts of Sewage Discharge and River Self-Purification on Microbial Dynamics and Pathogenicity in River Ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyang Xie ◽  
Xiaolin Liu ◽  
Shou-Qing Ni ◽  
Haiwei Wei ◽  
Xue Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
River Ecosystem ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Untreated Sewage ◽  
Functional Bacteria ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Sewage directly discharge causes serious environmental problems. Here, the effects of treated and untreated sewage on the river ecosystem were investigated. The variations of microbial community structure, including infectious pathogenic bacteria and functional bacteria related to nitrogen, phosphorus, and COD metabolism were studied in detail. Bacterial diversity and richness were significantly decreased, while, Proteobacteria containing various infectious pathogens, such as Vibrio and Helicobacter, significantly increased after the discharge of raw sewage. Although the microbial structure was slightly restored and the abundance of most pathogenic bacteria was also slightly reduced through river self-purification, direct discharge of raw sewage caused severe and short-term irreversible damage to the river environment. Direct discharge also introduced various pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and COD, increasing the corresponding functional bacteria and their related genes. Furthermore, the high abundance of pathogenic bacteria of the drain outlet was mainly from raw sewage rather than bacteria reproduction caused by water deterioration according to the RDA analysis. With these results, direct discharge disturbed the ecological balance of the river. Therefore, more attention is needed to provide a hygienic situation for people and all sewage should be treated properly. In conclusion, all sewage should be treated properly before discharge into ecosystems to mitigate its negative impacts on receiving water bodies.

Potential Zoonotic Faecal Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance from Sunda Porcupine (Hystrix javanica): A Preliminary Study

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Shigella Sonnei ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Tree Construction ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Faecal Bacteria

Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica) is one of the Indonesian endemic species which is often sought after for their meat. Although it is becoming increasingly popular for extreme culinary, information regarding biological risks arising from this wildlife is very limited. This study aimed to assess potential zoonotic faecal bacteria carried by Sunda porcupine with culture-dependant approach and to investigate whether antimicrobial resistant isolates can be found in wildlife. A total 22 faecal samples were collected from captive Sunda porcupine and tested for the presence of pathogens in selective media for Salmonella and Listeria. After inoculating the samples in Rappaport-Vassiliadis (RV) Salmonella enrichment broth, two samples (9%) were regarded as positive for Salmonella in this presumptive test which indicated by growth black colonies on xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar. Meanwhile, the presence for Listeria was presumptively positive in all samples (100%), indicated by black colour appearance in Listeria isolation transwab. In total, 38 bacterial isolates were successfully purified, preserved and subjected for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) by disk diffusion method. Resistance to ceftriaxone (3rd generation cephalosporins) was not detected while resistance to one or two antimicrobials was observed in seven isolates. Further, 16S rRNA bacterial identification was performed for selected isolates and based on sequence similarity on GenBank® databases and phylogenetic tree construction, those isolates were denoted as Pseudomonas xinjiangensis (XG4.4), Shigella sonnei (XD8.2 and G11.3), Proteus mirabilis (XH3.3, H4.2, and E1.2) and Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae (XF4.2). All identified isolates were sensitive to amikacin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefoxitin and ceftriaxone, except for one isolate Shigella sonnei (XD8.2) which was resistant to cefoxitin. Further research to confirm the pathogenicity of the isolates is still needed but based on these results, we support the hypothesies that Sunda porcupine is potential as a reservoir pathogenic bacteria and preventive measures are crucial to prevent transmission when processing this bushmeat.

Probiotic Displaces Pathogenic Bacteria

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
ERIK GOLDMAN
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria

Iron and Malaria: Absorption, Efficacy and Safety

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (45) ◽  
pp. 279-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hurrell
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Malarial Parasite ◽  
Asymptomatic Malaria ◽  
Iron Supplements ◽  
Fortified Food ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Single Meal ◽  
Women And Children

Febrile malaria and asymptomatic malaria parasitemia substantially decrease iron absorption in single-meal, stable isotope studies in women and children, but to date there is no evidence of decreased efficacy of iron-fortified foods in malaria-endemic regions. Without inadequate malarial surveillance or health care, giving iron supplements to children in areas of high transmission could increase morbidity and mortality. The most likely explanation is the appearance of non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) in the plasma. NTBI forms when the rate of iron influx into the plasma exceeds the rate of iron binding to transferrin. Two studies in women have reported substantially increased NTBI with the ingestion of iron supplements. Our studies confirm this, but found no significant increase in NTBI on consumption of iron-fortified food. It seems likely that the malarial parasite in hepatocytes can utilize NTBI, but it cannot do so in infected erythrocytes. NTBI however may increase the sequestration of parasite-infected erythrocytes in capillaries. Bacteremia is common in children with severe malaria and sequestration in villi capillaries could lead to a breaching of the intestinal barrier, allowing the passage of pathogenic bacteria into the systemic circulation. This is especially important as frequent high iron doses increase the number of pathogens in the intestine at the expense of the barrier bacteria.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document