Differences in the level of physical fitness and mobility among older women with osteoporosis and healthy women—cross-sectional study

AbstractThe main aim of the study was to assess the risk of falls, and physical fitness in the group of women aged 60 to 65 years of age suffering from an identified osteoporosis in comparison to a similar group of healthy women. The main question was: What is the level of physical fitness and risk of fall among women with osteoporosis compared to healthy women? The research included 262 women aged 60 to 65 of age: 135 with osteoporosis and 127 healthy ones, living in the Małopolskie and the Świętokrzyskie Provinces of Poland. To assess the level of physical fitness, the Senior Fitness Test (SFT) was used, while the Tinetti POMA (Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment) and Timed Up&Go test (TUG) were used to asses the risk of fall. Significant statistical differences in average results of physical fitness assessment were noticed as regards the following aspects: flexibility of the lower body part p < 0.001; flexibility of the upper body part p < 0.001. Essential differences were demonstrated in assessing the risk of falling with p < 0.01. Women with osteoporosis are marked by a lower physical fitness than healthy women. A higher percentage of great and serious risk of fall was demonstrated among women with osteoporosis.

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Higher Levels of Physical Fitness Are Associated with Lower Peak Plantar Pressures in Older Women

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12104119 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 4119

Author(s):

Lovro Štefan ◽

Mario Kasović ◽

Martin Zvonař

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Older Women ◽

Plantar Pressure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Plantar Pressures ◽

Risk Of Falls ◽

Fitness Levels

Little is known about how physical fitness is associated with peak plantar pressures in older adults. Therefore, the main purpose of the study was to explore whether higher physical fitness levels were associated with lower peak plantar pressures in a sample of community-dwelling older adults. In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 120 older women aged ≥60 years. To assess the level of peak plantar pressure, we used a Zebris plantar pressure platform. To estimate the level of physical fitness, a senior fitness test battery was used. To calculate the associations between the level of physical fitness and peak plantar pressures beneath the different foot regions (forefoot, midfoot and hindfoot), we used generalized estimating equations with a linear regression model. In unadjusted models, higher physical fitness levels were associated with lower peak plantar pressures. When we adjusted for chronological age, the risk of falls and the presence of foot pain, higher physical fitness levels remained associated with lower peak plantar pressures. Our study shows that higher levels of physical fitness are associated with lower peak plantar pressures, even after adjusting for several potential covariates.

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Older Adults with Hypertension: Prevalence of Falls and Their Associated Factors

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18168257 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 8257

Author(s):

‘Atirah Az-Zahra’ Abu Bakar ◽

Azidah Abdul Kadir ◽

Nur Suhaila Idris ◽

Siti Nurbaya Mohd Nawi

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Treatment Plan ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Medication History ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mobility Assessment ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Risk Of Falls ◽

Low Incidence

Falls are prominent health issues among older adults. Among hypertensive older adults, falls may have a detrimental effect on their health and wellbeing. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of falls among hypertensive older adults and to identify the associated factors that contribute to their falls. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among two hundred and sixty-nine hypertensive older adults who were selected via systematic random sampling in two primary health clinics in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Data on their socio-demographic details, their history of falls, medication history and clinical characteristics were collected. Balance and gait were assessed using the Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA). It was found that 32.2% of participants reported falls within a year. Polypharmacy (adjusted OR 2.513, 95% CI 1.339, 4.718) and diuretics (adjusted OR 2.803, 95% CI 1.418, 5.544) were associated with an increased risk of falls. Meanwhile, a higher POMA score (adjusted OR 0.940, 95% CI 0.886, 0.996) and the number of antihypertensives (adjusted OR 0.473, 95% CI 0.319, 0.700) were associated with a low incidence of falling among hypertensive older adults. Falls are common among hypertensive older adults. Older adults who are taking diuretics and have a polypharmacy treatment plan have a higher incidence of falls. However, older adults taking a higher number of anti-hypertensive medications specifically were not associated with an increased prevalence of falls.

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Development of an application for mobile devices to evaluate the balance and risk of falls of the elderly

Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-22562017020.170017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 805-813 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luisa Veríssimo Pereira Sampaio ◽

Leonardo Braga Castilho ◽

Gustavo de Azevedo Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Mobile Devices ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Low Risk ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mobility Assessment ◽

Risk Of Falls ◽

And Performance

Abstract Objective: to develop an application for mobile devices to evaluate the balance and risk of falls of the elderly. Method: A cross-sectional study with a sample composed of 54 elderly individuals with an average age of 71 years submitted to three balance and risk of falls evaluation tests, was performed. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) tests were employed. Results: The results were closely correlated, identifying three groups of volunteers: low, medium and high risk of falls. When these values were compared with the analyzes performed by the application, some of the variations in the results generated by the application were not related to the classic tests, as the software could discriminate between individuals with a high and low risk of falls. Conclusion: The developed application was able to verify the oscillations present in the maintenance of static balance of the elderly and could differentiate the results into two groups of high and low risk of falls.

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Examination of Construct Validity and Criterion-Related Validity of the German Motor Test in Egyptian Schoolchildren

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18168341 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 8341

Author(s):

Osama Abdelkarim ◽

Julian Fritsch ◽

Darko Jekauc ◽

Klaus Bös

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Large Scale ◽

Body Height ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Latent Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Order ◽

Motor Test ◽

Health Related

Physical fitness is an indicator for children’s public health status. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the construct validity and the criterion-related validity of the German motor test (GMT) in Egyptian schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 931 children aged 6 to 11 years (age: 9.1 ± 1.7 years) with 484 (52%) males and 447 (48%) females in grades one to five in Assiut city. The children’s physical fitness data were collected using GMT. GMT is designed to measure five health-related physical fitness components including speed, strength, coordination, endurance, and flexibility of children aged 6 to 18 years. The anthropometric data were collected based on three indicators: body height, body weight, and BMI. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with IBM SPSS AMOS 26.0 using full-information maximum likelihood. The results indicated an adequate fit (χ2 = 112.3, df = 20; p < 0.01; CFI = 0.956; RMSEA = 0.07). The χ2-statistic showed significant results, and the values for CFI and RMSEA showed a good fit. All loadings of the manifest variables on the first-order latent factors as well as loadings of the first-order latent factors on the second-order superordinate factor were significant. The results also showed strong construct validity in the components of conditioning abilities and moderate construct validity in the components of coordinative abilities. GMT proved to be a valid method and could be widely used on large-scale studies for health-related fitness monitoring in the Egyptian population.

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Can Anthropometry and Body Composition Explain Physical Fitness Levels in School-Aged Children?

Children ◽

10.3390/children8060460 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 460

Author(s):

Chih-Yu Hsu ◽

Liang-Sien Chen ◽

I-Jen Chang ◽

Wei-Ching Fang ◽

Sun-Weng Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Continuous Variables ◽

Z Score ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Muscle Weight ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Aged Children

Physical fitness (PF) is closely related to various health outcomes and quality of life among children. However, the associations between anthropometry, body composition (BC), and PF are not fully elucidated. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the associations between demographic metrics (age, sex), anthropometric measures (body mass index z-score (BMI z-score) waist/height ratio (WHtR)), BC parameters (body-fat percentage (BF%), muscle weight), and PF levels (800-m run, sit-and-reach, 1-min sit-ups, standing long jump) in school-aged children. Continuous variables were dichotomized by median splits. The results of 180 girls and 180 boys (mean age: 10.0 ± 0.7 years; mean BMI z-score: 0.366 ± 1.216) were analyzed. Multivariable linear regressions revealed that BF% (regression coefficient (B) = 3.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.5–4.3) was independently correlated with the 800-m run. Sex (B = 4.6, 95% CI = 3.0–6.3), age (B = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.9–4.3), and BMI z-score (B = −0.7, 95% CI = −1.4–−0.1) were independently related to sit-and-reach. Age (B = 3.3, 95% CI = 2.0–4.7), BF% (B = −0.3, 95% CI = −0.4–−0.2), and muscle weight (B = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.2–1.2) were independently associated with 1-min sit-ups. In addition to demography, anthropometry and BC provided additional information concerning some PF levels in school-aged children. Weight management and PF promotion should be addressed simultaneously in terms of preventive medicine and health promotion for children.

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Design of a cross-sectional study on physical fitness and physical activity in children and adolescents after burn injury

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/1471-2431-12-195 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Laurien M Disseldorp ◽

Leonora J Mouton ◽

Tim Takken ◽

Marco Van Brussel ◽

Gerard IJM Beerthuizen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Burn Injury ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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A STUDY ON HUMAN CADAVERIC PANCREAS: VARIATIONS IN DIAMETERS OF ISLETS OF LANGERHANS IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUP

10.36106/2600886 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 18-21

Author(s):

Baro Baneswar ◽

Rabha Gunamani ◽

Sarma Usha ◽

Talukdar KL ◽

Dutta BC ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Islets Of Langerhans ◽

Body Part ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Head Part ◽

Human Pancreas ◽

Tail Region ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Tail Part ◽

C 30

INTRODUCTION: The islets of Langerhans may contain a few cells or many hundreds of polygonal cells arranged in short irregular cords that are abundantly invested with a network of fenestrated capillaries to produce a hormone with glucose-lowering effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The descriptive and cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Forensic Medicine& Pathology of Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati based on collection of 103 human pancreas aging from 13 to 78 years of both sexes.The collected samples were divided into group A (10-19 years),B (20-29 years),C (30-39 years),D (40-49 years),E (50-59 years),F (60-69 years) and G (≥70 years).Measurement of five slides selected from head, body and tail region were examined under 400 magnification. RESULTS AND OBSERVATION:The differences between the diameter of pancreatic islets for head part were statistically significant in A vs B,A vs D,A vs E,A vs F,A vs G,B vs D,B vs E,B vs F,B vs G, C vs E,C vs F,C vs G,F vs G in body part A vs B,A vs C,A vs F, A vs G,B vs C,B vs D,B vs E,B vs F,B vs G,C vs G,D vs G,E vs G and F vs G.and in tail part between A vs B,A vs C,A vs D,A vs E, A vs F, A vs G, B vs C, B vs D, B vs E, B vs G, C vs E, C vs F, C vs G, D vs F, D vs G, E vs F , E vs G and F vs G region. CONCLUSIONS:In the 3 region it was found that in the both extremities of life the diameter of islets of Langerhans was gradually decreased as age increases. Larger samples and advanced procedures in case of normal and abnormal population like people with diabetes disease for further studies may recommended.

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A Comparison of Falls and Dizziness Handicap by Vestibular Diagnosis

American Journal of Audiology ◽

10.1044/2021_aja-21-00086 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Ryan J. Huang ◽

Sherri L. Smith ◽

Libor Brezina ◽

Kristal M. Riska

Keyword(s):

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Vestibular Migraine ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positional Vertigo ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Risk Of Falls ◽

Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Purpose There is a paucity of data that directly compares the falls rate and dizziness handicap of different vestibular diagnoses. The purpose of this study is to compare the falls rate and dizziness handicap of common vestibular diagnoses encountered among a cohort of vestibular patients at a single institution. Method We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients evaluated for dizziness at a tertiary care center vestibular clinic between August 1, 2017, and March 19, 2019. Vestibular diagnosis, demographic variables, comorbidities, falls status, and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) were extracted from the medical record for analysis. Associations between vestibular diagnosis and falls history or DHI were evaluated using multivariate logistic and linear regression, respectively. Results A total of 283 patients met our inclusion criteria with the following diagnoses: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV; n = 55), acoustic neuroma ( n = 30), Ménière's disease ( n = 28), multiple vestibular diagnoses ( n = 15), vestibular migraine ( n = 135), or vestibular neuritis ( n = 20). After adjusting for age, sex, race, medications, and comorbidities, the odds of falling was 2.47 times greater (95% CI [1.08, 6.06], p = .039) and the DHI score was 11.66 points higher (95% CI [4.99, 18.33], p < .001) in those with vestibular migraine compared to those with BPPV. Other diagnoses were comparable to BPPV with respect to odds of falling and dizziness handicap. Conclusions Patients with vestibular migraine may suffer an increased risk of falls and dizziness handicap compared to patients with BPPV. Our findings highlight the need for timely evaluation and treatment of all patients with vestibular disease.

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