Characterization of the simplest hydroperoxide ester, hydroperoxymethyl formate, a precursor of atmospheric aerosols

Earth’s atmosphere is tied closely with the Sun. The Sun emits electromagnetic radiation at a wide range of wavelengths. Radiation is transported through the atmosphere by transmission, absorption, and scattering. ‘Atmospheric physics’ outlines the Earth’s radiation budget—the incoming and outgoing radiation, equilibrium between them, and departures from this equilibrium due to increasing levels of clouds, greenhouse gases, and atmospheric aerosols. It then describes the greenhouse gases that absorb and emit radiation and the thermodynamics of the atmosphere. The importance of water, the dominant atmospheric constituent responsible for the loss of radiative energy to space and hence atmospheric cooling, and the electrical energy stored in the atmosphere are also discussed.

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In-depth characterization of submicron particulate matter inter-annual variations at a street canyon site in Northern Europe

10.5194/acp-2020-908 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Luis M. F. Barreira ◽

Aku Helin ◽

Minna Aurela ◽

Kimmo Teinilä ◽

Milla Friman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Atmospheric Aerosols ◽

Street Canyon ◽

Northern Europe ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Annual Variations ◽

Day Of The Week ◽

Pollution Episodes

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols play an important role in air pollution. Aerosol particle's chemical composition is highly variable depending on the season, hour of the day, day of the week, meteorology, and the location of the measurement site. Long measurement periods and high time-resolved data are required in order to achieve statistically relevant amount of data for assessing those variations and evaluate pollution episodes. In this study, we present continuous atmospheric PM1 (particulate matter

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Chemical Characterization of Particulate Matter in the Renaissance City of Ferrara

Geosciences ◽

10.3390/geosciences11060227 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 227

Author(s):

Elena Marrocchino ◽

Chiara Telloli ◽

Antonietta Rizzo

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Atmospheric Aerosols ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Analytical Data ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Industrial Area ◽

Road Signs ◽

Pollutant Sources ◽

June July

Atmospheric aerosols are today a key issue in air pollution, mostly related to public health. Two test areas in Ferrara, one in the city center (urban location) and one in the industrial area (industrial location), were studied in June–July 2016 using the SEM technique to identify the environmental impact of some potential pollutant sources. Collection was performed using adhesive tapes applied on the surface of road signs, which allows to select particulate matter moving on air with diffusion movement and to exclude the particles usually deposed by the gravitational process. Dimensional characterization has shown that, usually, smaller particles tend to aggregate themselves in bigger polycrystalline particles with the geometric diameter of up to 10 μm. Micro-analytical data have revealed a wide heterogeneous range of compositions: more abundant silicate followed by carbonate, chlorine, sulphate, carbon, and organic. This preliminary study has highlighted that the Renaissance city of Ferrara is affected by an environmental problem linked to the presence of particulate matter induced by industrial activities, as is the case with some of the most polluted cities in the world. The observations and analytical data pointed out the need for further investigation to better define the features of the fine particulate matter. This will be useful to preserve the cultural heritage of this Medieval-Renaissance city.

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Incorporation of micro/nanoparticles of PCL with essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus in bacterial cellulose

International Journal of Advances in Medical Biotechnology - IJAMB ◽

10.25061/2595-3931/ijamb/2018.v1i2.18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Aline Krindges ◽

Vanusca Dalosto Jahno ◽

Fernando Morisso

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Zeta Potential ◽

Bacterial Cellulose ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Static Culture ◽

Cymbopogon Nardus ◽

Cellulose Membranes

Incorporation studies of particles in different substrates with herbal assets growing. The objective of this work was the preparation and characterization of micro/nanoparticles containing cymbopogon nardus essential oil; and the incorporation of them on bacterial cellulose. For the development of the membranes was used the static culture medium and for the preparation of micro/nanoparticles was used the nanoprecipitation methodology. The incorporation of micro/nanoparticles was performed on samples of bacterial cellulose in wet and dry form. For the characterization of micro/nanoparticles were carried out analysis of SEM, zeta potential and particle size. For the verification of the incorporation of particulate matter in cellulose, analyses were conducted of SEM and FTIR. The results showed that it is possible the production and incorporation of micro/nanoparticles containing essential oil in bacterial cellulose membranes in wet form with ethanol.

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Characterization of particulate matter 2.5 in an urban tertiary care hospital in the Philippines

Building and Environment ◽

10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.05.018 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 92 ◽

pp. 432-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Marian Fe Theresa C. Lomboy ◽

Leni L. Quirit ◽

Victorio B. Molina ◽

Godofreda V. Dalmacion ◽

Joel D. Schwartz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

The Philippines ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Particulate Matter 2.5

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SIZE SEGREGATED CHARACTERIZATION OF FINE PARTICULATE MATTER IN LEIPZIG AND MELPITZ AEROSOL

Journal of Aerosol Science ◽

10.1016/s0021-8502(21)00165-8 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 353-354

Author(s):

E. BRÜGGEMANN ◽

T. GNAUK ◽

K. MULLER ◽

H. HERRMANN

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate

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Characterization of fine particulate matter generated in a large woody biomass-firing circulating fluid bed boiler

Journal of the Energy Institute ◽

10.1016/j.joei.2021.02.004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 96 ◽

pp. 11-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yishu Xu ◽

Xiaowei Liu ◽

Jiuxin Qi ◽

Tianpeng Zhang ◽

Jingying Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Woody Biomass ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

Fluid Bed

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Global model simulations of the impact of ocean-going ships on aerosols, clouds, and the radiation budget

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-7-5061-2007 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 (19) ◽

pp. 5061-5079 ◽

Cited By ~ 146

Author(s):

A. Lauer ◽

V. Eyring ◽

J. Hendricks ◽

P. Jöckel ◽

U. Lohmann

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Optical Thickness ◽

Emission Inventory ◽

Cloud Microphysics ◽

Number Concentration ◽

Climate Impacts ◽

Aerosol Optical Thickness ◽

Radiation Budget ◽

International Shipping

Abstract. International shipping contributes significantly to the fuel consumption of all transport related activities. Specific emissions of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) per kg of fuel emitted are higher than for road transport or aviation. Besides gaseous pollutants, ships also emit various types of particulate matter. The aerosol impacts the Earth's radiation budget directly by scattering and absorbing the solar and thermal radiation and indirectly by changing cloud properties. Here we use ECHAM5/MESSy1-MADE, a global climate model with detailed aerosol and cloud microphysics to study the climate impacts of international shipping. The simulations show that emissions from ships significantly increase the cloud droplet number concentration of low marine water clouds by up to 5% to 30% depending on the ship emission inventory and the geographic region. Whereas the cloud liquid water content remains nearly unchanged in these simulations, effective radii of cloud droplets decrease, leading to cloud optical thickness increase of up to 5–10%. The sensitivity of the results is estimated by using three different emission inventories for present-day conditions. The sensitivity analysis reveals that shipping contributes to 2.3% to 3.6% of the total sulfate burden and 0.4% to 1.4% to the total black carbon burden in the year 2000 on the global mean. In addition to changes in aerosol chemical composition, shipping increases the aerosol number concentration, e.g. up to 25% in the size range of the accumulation mode (typically >0.1 μm) over the Atlantic. The total aerosol optical thickness over the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico and the Northeastern Pacific increases by up to 8–10% depending on the emission inventory. Changes in aerosol optical thickness caused by shipping induced modification of aerosol particle number concentration and chemical composition lead to a change in the shortwave radiation budget at the top of the atmosphere (ToA) under clear-sky condition of about −0.014 W/m² to −0.038 W/m² for a global annual average. The corresponding all-sky direct aerosol forcing ranges between −0.011 W/m² and −0.013 W/m². The indirect aerosol effect of ships on climate is found to be far larger than previously estimated. An indirect radiative effect of −0.19 W/m² to −0.60 W/m² (a change in the atmospheric shortwave radiative flux at ToA) is calculated here, contributing 17% to 39% of the total indirect effect of anthropogenic aerosols. This contribution is high because ship emissions are released in regions with frequent low marine clouds in an otherwise clean environment. In addition, the potential impact of particulate matter on the radiation budget is larger over the dark ocean surface than over polluted regions over land.

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