Vinegar extract ameliorates alcohol-induced liver damage associated with the modulation of gut microbiota in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 2898-2909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Xia ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Shaopeng Li ◽  
Bin Fang ◽  
Wenhui Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Intestinal Homeostasis

Vinegar extract inhibited alcohol-induced ROS generation and inflammation. Vinegar extract modulated gut microbiota and improved intestinal homeostasis, which could be used as a novel gut microbiota manipulator against alcohol-induced liver damage.

scholarly journals The DPP-4 inhibitor vildagliptin impacts the gut microbiota and prevents disruption of intestinal homeostasis induced by a Western diet in mice

Diabetologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1838-1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Olivares ◽  
Audrey M. Neyrinck ◽  
Sarah A. Pötgens ◽  
Martin Beaumont ◽  
Nuria Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Intestinal Homeostasis

Gut microbiota maintains FXR activation and protects from fatal liver damage in a murine model of primary sclerosing cholangitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. S81
Author(s):  
Kai Markus Schneider ◽  
Lena Candels ◽  
Antje Mohs ◽  
Carsten Elfers ◽  
Annika Wahlström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Sclerosing Cholangitis ◽  
Fatal Liver

scholarly journals Trem-2 modulation of gut microbiota is blunted during hepatotoxic injury and uncoupled from liver repair responses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Coelho ◽  
Nádia Duarte ◽  
Maria Paula Macedo ◽  
Carlos Penha-Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Immune Receptors ◽  
Microbiota Diversity ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

AbstractThe involvement of gut microbiota in liver disease has been addressed in the context of the “leaky gut hypothesis” postulating that dysbiosis allow microbial components to elicit liver inflammatory responses and hepatic tissue damage. Conversely, commensal gut microbiota acting on innate immune receptors protect against hepatotoxic insults. Given that mice deficient for the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (Trem-2) show increased vulnerability to experimental drug-induced hepatic damage we explored the possibility that Trem-2 is a modulator of gut microbiota composition.We found that microbiota composition in untreated Trem-2 KO mice differs from the wild-type showing overall decrease in microbiota diversity and increased representation of Verrucomicrobia. Interestingly, induction of liver damage with hepatotoxic drugs blunted this microbiota diversity difference and altered phyla composition with increased representation of Verrucomicrobia during acute hepatic injury and Proteobacteria during chronic challenge. Furthermore, co-housing experiments that homogenized microbiota diversity showed that the increased liver tissue vulnerability to hepatotoxic insults in Trem-2 KO mice was not dependent on microbiota composition. This work uncouples Trem-2 dependent alterations in gut commensal microbiota from Trem-2 pro-recovery effects in the damaged liver tissue. These findings support the possibility that unlinked actions of innate immune receptors contribute to disease association with microbiota alterations, particularly with the Verrucomicrobia phylum.ImportanceTrem-2 is a mammalian innate immunity receptor involved in development and resolution of tissue damage, namely in the brain and in the liver. Nevertheless, it is not known whether gut microbiota is contributing to these Trem-2 mediated phenotypes. We found that Trem-2 KO mice spontaneously display different gut microbiota composition as compared to wild-type mice, namely with increased abundance of the phylum Verrucomicrobia. Notably these differences do not impact the control of Trem-2 on liver tissue vulnerability to hepatotoxic insults. This work uncouples Trem-2 modulation of gut microbiota and the role of Trem-2 on responses to liver damage. This work brings new insights on role of innate immune receptors on the association of organic and systemic diseases with gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Food Chemicals Disrupt Human Gut Microbiota Activity And Impact Intestinal Homeostasis As Revealed By In Vitro Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clémence Defois ◽  
Jérémy Ratel ◽  
Ghislain Garrait ◽  
Sylvain Denis ◽  
Olivier Le Goff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Intestinal Homeostasis ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
In Vitro Systems

scholarly journals Resveratrol Butyrate Esters Inhibit BPA-Induced Liver Damage in Male Offspring Rats by Modulating Antioxidant Capacity and Gut Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5273
Author(s):  
Jin-Xian Liao ◽  
Yu-Wei Chen ◽  
Ming-Kuei Shih ◽  
You-Lin Tain ◽  
Yao-Tsung Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Mononuclear Cell Infiltration ◽  
Metabolic Disruption

Resveratrol can affect the physiology or biochemistry of offspring in the maternal–fetal animal model. However, it exhibits low bioavailability in humans and animals. Fifteen-week SD pregnant female rats were orally administered bisphenol A (BPA) and/or resveratrol butyrate ester (RBE), and the male offspring rats (n = 4–8 per group) were evaluated. The results show that RBE treatment (BPA + R30) compared with the BPA group can reduce the damage caused by BPA (p < 0.05). RBE enhanced the expression of selected genes and induced extramedullary hematopoiesis and mononuclear cell infiltration. RBE increased the abundance of S24-7 and Adlercreutzia in the intestines of the male offspring rats, as well as the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces. RBE also increased the antioxidant capacity of the liver by inducing Nrf2, promoting the expression of HO-1, SOD, and CAT. It also increased the concentration of intestinal SCFAs, enhancing the barrier formed by intestinal cells, thereby preventing BPA-induced metabolic disruption in the male offspring rats, and reduced liver inflammation. This study identified a potential mechanism underlying the protective effects of RBE against the liver damage caused by BPA exposure during the peri-pregnancy period, and the influence of the gut microbiota on the gut–liver axis in the offspring.

Oligopeptides from Jinhua ham prevent alcohol-induced liver damage by regulating intestinal homeostasis and oxidative stress in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Nie ◽  
Ye-ye Du ◽  
Fei-ran Xu ◽  
Kai Zhou ◽  
Zhao-ming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Bioactive Peptide ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Jinhua Ham ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Lys-Arg-Gln-Lys-Tyr-Asp bioactive peptide in JHP prevent ALD by regulating gut microbiota, upregulating the expression of the NRF2/HO-1 antioxidant defense system and reducing oxidative stress injury in liver cells.

Fecal IgA Levels and Gut Microbiota Composition Are Regulated by Invariant Natural Killer T Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristhiane Favero de Aguiar ◽  
Angela Castoldi ◽  
Mariane T Amano ◽  
Aline Ignacio ◽  
Fernanda Fernandes Terra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Natural Killer T Cells ◽  
Nkt Cells ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Inkt Cells ◽  
Intestinal Homeostasis ◽  
Killer T Cells ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Background The gut microbiota is a key element to support host homeostasis and the development of the immune system. The relationship between the microbiota and immunity is a 2-way road, in which the microbiota contributes to the development/function of immune cells and immunity can affect the composition of microbes. In this context, natural killer T cells (NKT cells) are distinct T lymphocytes that play a role in gut immunity and are influenced by gut microbes. In our work, we investigated the involvement of invariant NKT cells (iNKT) in intestinal homeostasis. Results We found that iNKT-deficient mice (iNKT-KO) had reduced levels of fecal IgA and an altered composition of the gut microbiota, with increased Bacteroidetes. The absence of iNKT cells also affected TGF-β1 levels and plasma cells, which were significantly reduced in knockout (KO) mice. In addition, when submitted to dextran sodium sulfate colitis, iNKT-KO mice had worsening of colitis when compared with wild-type (WT) mice. To further address iNKT cell contribution to intestinal homeostasis, we adoptively transferred iNKT cells to KO mice, and they were submitted to colitis. Transfer of iNKT cells improved colitis and restored fecal IgA levels and gut microbiota. Conclusions Our results indicate that intestinal NKT cells are important modulators of intestinal homeostasis and that gut microbiota composition may be a potential target in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases.

Impacts of fish oil on the gut microbiota of rats with alcoholic liver damage

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 108491
Author(s):  
Ya-Ling Chen ◽  
Hitoshi Shirakawa ◽  
Nien-Shan Lu ◽  
Hsiang-Chi Peng ◽  
Qian Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Liver Damage

scholarly journals MicroRNAs Regulate Intestinal Immunity and Gut Microbiota for Gastrointestinal Health: A Comprehensive Review

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1075
Author(s):  
Kefan Bi ◽  
Xujun Zhang ◽  
Wenbiao Chen ◽  
Hongyan Diao
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Intestinal Immunity ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Intestinal Homeostasis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Health ◽  
Intestinal Immune System ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The regulation of microRNA expression in the gut intestine is gradually recognized as one of the crucial contributors of intestinal homeostasis and overall health. Recent studies indicated that both the microRNAs endogenous in the gut intestine and exogenous from diets could play influential roles in modulating microbial colonization and intestinal immunity. In this review, we discuss the biological functions of microRNAs in regulating intestinal homeostasis by modulating intestinal immune responses and gut microbiota. We particularly focus on addressing the microRNA-dependent communication and interactions among microRNA, gut microbiota, and intestinal immune system. Besides, we also summarize the roles of diet-derived microRNAs in host-microbiome homeostasis and their benefits on intestinal health. A better understanding of the relationships among intestinal disorders, microRNAs, and other factors influencing intestinal health can facilitate the application of microRNA-based therapeutics for gastrointestinal diseases.

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