scholarly journals Bio-oil and biochar production from halophyte biomass: effects of pre-treatment and temperature on Salicornia bigelovii pyrolysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 2234-2248
Author(s):  
Alessia Iaccarino ◽  
Ribhu Gautam ◽  
S. Mani Sarathy
Keyword(s):  
Salicornia Bigelovii ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pre Treatment

This study reveals the potential of Salicornia bigelovii for producing valuable products via pyrolysis. The presence of metals in the ash inhibited decarboxylation and dehydration during pyrolysis and increased the yield of bio-oil.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Bio-Oilphenol-Formaldehyde Resins under Alkali Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Günay Özbay ◽  
Caglar Cekic ◽  
Muhammad Syarhabil Ahmad ◽  
Erkan Sami Kokten
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Bonding Performance ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Vacuum Pyrolysis ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Pre Treatment

In the present study, bio-oil produced from vacuum pyrolysis of woody biomass has been investigated as a source of chemical feedstock. Bio-based resins were produced using the bio- oil with phenol substitutions ranging from 10 to 30 wt%. The conventional GC/MS analysis was carried out for the evaluation of the chemical composition of bio-oil. TGA, DSC and FT-IR analyses were used in order to characterize the bio-oil-phenol-formaldehyde (BPF) resins. The bonding quality of wood samples bonded with the BPF resins was investigated under different pre-treatment conditions. The highest shear strength was observed for the control samples bonded with the laboratory PF resin. As the amount of bio-oil was increased up to 30 wt%, the shear strength of the samples decreased from 12.08 to 11.76 N/mm2. The bonding performance was not negatively affected by the combination of bio-oil under dry conditions. According to TS EN 12765 standard, the relevant performance requirements for bonded samples under dry conditions must be at least 10 N/mm2. Relating to the standard, all samples bonded with BPF resins obtained the requirements for durability class C1. Under wet conditions, the bonding performance was negatively affected by the addition of bio-oil. However, the BPF resins fulfilled the durability requirements for C1, C2, and C3 specified in EN 12765 (2002).

Physical, chemical, thermal and biological pre-treatment technologies in fast pyrolysis to maximize bio-oil quality: A critical review

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 105333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda J. Alvarez-Chavez ◽  
Stéphane Godbout ◽  
Joahnn H. Palacios-Rios ◽  
Étienne Le Roux ◽  
Vijaya Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Pre Treatment

scholarly journals Partial deoxygenation of biomass derived pyrolysis liquids

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 00018
Author(s):  
Murlidhar Gupta ◽  
Jacques Monnier ◽  
Eric Turriff ◽  
Mark Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Lower Energy Density ◽  
Pyrolysis Liquids

Biomass pyrolysis liquids (also known as bio-oil), are derived from renewable lignocellulosic biomass residues by fast pyrolysis process. These second-generation oxygenated hydrocarbon resources have the potential to partially substitute for petroleum-derived feedstocks and thus enhance the economic and environmental sustainability of our natural resources. However, in contrast to petroleum fuels, biomass-derived pyrolysis liquids contain a large amount of oxygen, usually 40-50% wt% (wet basis). This undesirable high oxygen content in pyrolysis liquids is considered as the primary reason for its high polarity, high acidity, lower stability, lower energy density and very low miscibility with conventional crude refining feedstocks. There are two major pathways for upgrading the pyrolysis liquids. While hydrodeoxygenation route is one of the most explored options, it requires production and supply of large amounts of expensive hydrogen at high pressures, mandating large and centralized upgrading plants, and thus large capital investment. In this paper, we discuss an alternative method of pyrolysis liquid upgrading, using cheap and affordable hydrogen donor additives and catalysts to promote partial deoxygenation at near atmospheric pressure. This approach is preferably to be used as a pre-treatment and stabilizing method for pyrolysis liquids in the close vicinity of remote biomass pyrolysis plants. The pre-treated oil, then can be shipped for further hydrocracking process in a centralized co-processing facility. Preliminary results from the initial proof of concept experiments involving a 200 g/h gas-phase continuous fast catalytic cracking system with continuous coke removal to enhance deoxygenation performance are presented. These results indicate positive impact of catalyst bed on quality and yield of the upgraded bio-oil product in terms of pH, viscosity, degree of deoxygenation, oil yield and concentration of hydrogen in the off gases.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Phenolic Content of Bio-Oil by Acid Pre-Treatment of Biomass

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Nurgül Özbay ◽  
Elif Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Chemical Application ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Pine Wood Sawdust

Pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass with acidic pre-treatment to produce valuable bio-chemicals has been carried out in an integrated pyrolysis-gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry system. Three different waste biomasses (fir wood sawdust, pine wood sawdust and nutshell) were subjected to acidic solution to specify the acid pre-treatment effect on biomass chemical structure, thermal degradation profile and pyrolysis products. Post acid pre-treatments, the changes in the biomasses and thermal degradation profile were studied through proximate, structure and ultimate analysis and thermogravimetric. The pre-treatment significantly reduced the inorganic, cellulose and hemicellulose content in biomass samples. According to the pyrolysis experiment results, acid pre-treatment provided the increasing of the amount of phenolic in the degradation products at 10 min pyrolysis time. All the results would assist further understanding of thermal decomposition and thermo-chemical application for bio-fuels and bio-chemicals of fir wood sawdust, pine wood sawdust and nutshell.Article History: Received January 15th 2018; Received in revised form May 24th 2018; Accepted 7th June 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Ozbay, N. and Yaman, E (2018) Enhancing the Phenolic Content of Bio-Oil by Acid Pre-Treatment of Biomass. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(2), 163-169.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.163-169

scholarly journals Design and development of a novel centrifuge ablative pyrolysis approach for biomass conversion to bio-oil and bio-char

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 00016
Author(s):  
Murlidhar Gupta ◽  
Andrew McFarlan ◽  
Leslie Nguyen ◽  
Fernando Preto
Keyword(s):  
Modular Design ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Centrifugal Forces ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Carrier Gases ◽  
Biomass Particles ◽  
Forestry Residues

Pyrolysis has evolved as a key pre-treatment step to produce renewable fuels and chemicals from agricultural and forestry residues. In the past few years, there have been different directions in the development of pyrolysis reactors. For example, in vortex and cyclone approaches, biomass particles are suspended in a flow of high supersonic velocities to ensure enough centrifugal forces for pressing the particles against the heated reactor surface. Although simple in design, the requirement of large volumes of carrier gases necessitates cumbersome downstream gas separation, resulting in thermodynamic penalties and higher capital equipment costs. In ablative systems, with little or no carrier gases, the key challenge relates to using an appropriate mechanism to continuously apply forces on biomass particles during pyrolysis. In a recent alternative approach, thermo-mechanical rotors at very high rpm have been used to create the required centrifugal forces for pressing the biomass particles against the heated walls of a concentric shell. In the current approach, a modular centrifuge pyrolysis system has been designed using Biot and Thiele numbers as key constraints for characterizing ablative regimes. Unlike other centrifuge pyrolysis reactors, the novel rotor mechanism incorporated in this reactor system facilitates constant centrifugal force as well continuous propagation of biomass feeds. The 10 kg/hr thermo-mechanical pyrolysis system has been successfully commissioned using hardwood sawdust. Properties of bio-oil and bio-char produced in this new reactor have been compared to products from fluid bed pyrolysis system. In addition to its compact and modular design suitable for mobile pyrolysis units, it can be operated in variable regimes of pyrolysis, e.g., slow to fast modes, allowing adjustable product distribution.

scholarly journals Characterization and Analysis of Malaysian Macroalgae Biomass as Potential Feedstock for Bio-Oil Production

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3509
Author(s):  
Mei Ong ◽  
Nor-Insyirah Syahira Abdul Latif ◽  
Hui Leong ◽  
Bello Salman ◽  
Pau Show ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Order ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Biomass Feedstock ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Caulerpa Lentillifera ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Chaetomorpha Linum ◽  
Terrestrial Biomass ◽  
Optional Process

The potential of Caulerpa lentillifera, Gracilaria coronopifolia and Chaetomorpha linum, as biomass feedstock was investigated in this study. It was concluded that seaweed is more suitable for bio-based products synthesis, i.e., bioplastic and bio-lubricants, instead of biofuels due to its relatively low calorific value (~12 MJ/kg). Since seaweed has high moisture content (~80%), hydrothermal liquefaction is recommended, and its efficiency can be further enhanced through microwave technology. Besides, it is found that the thermal degradation of seaweed was best described with the reaction order of 1. The kinetic results also indicated that seaweed consists of lower activation energy (<30 kJ/mol) in comparison with terrestrial biomass (50–170 kJ/mol). Hence, seaweed has a high potential to be used as biomass feedstock, particularly Chaetomorpha linum, as it has no conflict with other interests. Lastly, acetic-acid pre-treatment was suggested to be an optional process in order to increase the algal conversion efficiency as it can reduce up to 25% of ash content.

Effect of algae (Scenedesmus obliquus) biomass pre-treatment on bio-oil production in hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL): Biochar and aqueous phase utilization studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 146262
Author(s):  
Jain Mahima ◽  
Ramesh Kumar Sundaresh ◽  
Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath ◽  
Panneer Selvam Sundar Rajan ◽  
Jayaseelan Arun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Scenedesmus Obliquus ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pre Treatment

Review on Biofuel Production Process from Biomass

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Pre Treatment

Biofuels are receiving tremendous attention worldwide as a source of renewable energy. Biomass, which is found abundant in nature, can be converted into different types of biofuels. Different forms of fuel depend on the type of conversion processes such as acid &amp; alkaline pre-treatment, pyrolysis &amp; gasification method, transesterification, fermentation process etc. and produces biodiesel, bio-methane, bioethanol, bio-oil, gasoline etc. Recently, researchers highlighted more sustainable bioenergy production technologies. This review paper focus on processes to convert biomass into biofuel and can guide future research towards commercialization of sustainable biofuels.

scholarly journals Stability of Li-LSX Zeolite in the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Non-Treated and Acid Pre-Treated Isochrysis sp. Microalgae

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Adilah Abd Rahman ◽  
Javier Fermoso ◽  
Aimaro Sanna
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metals ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Zeolite Catalyst ◽  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Catalyst Activity ◽  
Zeolite Structure ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Reducing Gas ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pre Treatment

This paper investigates the use of Li-LSX-zeolite catalyst over three regeneration cycles in presence of non-treated and acid pre-treated Isochrysis sp. microalgae. The spent and regenerated catalysts were characterised by surface analysis, elemental analysis (EA), SEM-EDS, and XRD to correlate their properties with the bio-oil yield and quality. The acid pre-treatment removed alkali metals, reducing gas yield in favour of bio-oil, but, at the same time, led to catalyst deactivation by fouling. Differently, the non-treated microalgae resulted in a bio-oil enriched in C and H and depleted in O, compared to the pre-treated ones, denoting higher deoxygenation activity. After 3 pyrolysis/regeneration cycles, the analyses suggest that there are no major changes on catalyst using non-treated microalgae. Regeneration at 700 °C has been shown to be able to remove most of the coke without damaging the Li-LSX zeolite structure. In summary, Li-LSX zeolite was effective in maintaining deoxygenation activity over three cycles in the pyrolysis of non-treated Isochrysis microalgae, while the algae pre-treatment with sulphuric acid was detrimental on the catalyst activity.

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