BPA-Free High-Performance Sustainable Polycarbonates Derived from Non-Estrogenic Bio-Based Phenols

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Garrison ◽  
Perrin Storch ◽  
William S. Eck ◽  
Valerie Adams ◽  
Patrick Fedick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Endocrine Disrupter

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a versatile petrochemical used in the preparation of high volume polymers including polycarbonates and epoxy resins. Unfortunately, BPA is also an endocrine disrupter and has been...

scholarly journals Investigation of bisphenol a diglycidyl ether, bisphenol f diglycidyl ether and their hydroxy and chlorohydroxy derivatives stability in water-based food simulants

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (SI - Chem. Reactions in Foods V) ◽  
pp. S272-S275
Author(s):  
I. Poustková ◽  
J. Dobiáš ◽  
J. Poustka ◽  
M. Voldřich
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Phase Gradient ◽  
Bisphenol F ◽  
Food Simulants ◽  
Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Food Simulant

Varnishes used as the inner coatings of food cans are often based on epoxy resins or vinylic organosols. The epoxy resins can be produced from bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol F (BPF) and they also contain bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) as stabilising components. These compounds may break down during storage and also by influence of food simulants. The stability of BADGE and BFDGE was studied using reverse-phase gradient high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with fluorescence detection (FLD). Four experiments were compared: (i) BPA solution at the concentration 3 μg/ml of each food simulant, (ii) BADGE solution at the concentration 3 μg/ml of each food simulant, (iii) BFDGE solution at the concentration 3 μg/ml of each food simulant and (iv) mixture of all bisphenols solution at the concentration 3 μg/ml of each food simulant. Distilled water, 10% ethanol, 95% ethanol and 3% acetic acid were used as food simulants. It was observed that BPA, BADGE and BFDGE were most stabile in 95% ethanol and least stabile in 3% acetic acid. Creation of hydroxy and chlorohydroxy derivatives was in each food simulant different so it cannot be predicted.

Migration Study of Bisphenol A from Tea Bottle of Polycarbonate Plastic to Tea Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 821-822 ◽  
pp. 929-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Hui Cao ◽  
Shu Juan Ji
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemical ◽  
Jasmine Tea ◽  
Migration Study ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an important organic intermediate that is an estrogen and an environmental endocrine disrupting chemical. Bisphenol A is used widely in the production of consumer goods, polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins. A large amount of studies have indicated that BPA might affect human health. In this work, four different tea (Tieguanyin tea, Black tea, Maofeng tea, Jasmine tea) were tested to verify if they were able to increase the BPA release from the PC cup. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection (FLD) was used to quantify BPA. Result showed that the heating time and temperature could have an influence on BPA migration from polycarbonate plastic. BPA migrated into tea water from polycarbonate plastic, especially when heated to high temperatures. Relatively high levels of BPA were found to be released into food simulants water from high concentration tea water.

scholarly journals Plastic Chemical Bisphenol A Dampens Our Cardiovascular System: Evidence from Clinical and Animal Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif Khan ◽  
Shinyi Ding ◽  
Aimee Hong ◽  
Abel Ketama ◽  
Jiwang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Human Cardiovascular System

The environmental exposure of Bisphenol A (BPA) is a pervasive and growing concern. BPA is a high-volume industrial chemical that possesses estrogen-like properties and functions as an environmental endocrine disruptor. It is used extensively in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins for food and beverage packages and hygienic products. An increasing amount of plastic pollution prevalent throughout the world has resulted in the nearly ubiquitous exposure of BPA towards humans and animals alike. Concerns have surfaced accordingly, surrounding the potentially detrimental effects that might result from BPA leaching into foods and beverages. The increase in epidemiological studies related to BPA have since been able to conclude links between BPA-induced oxidative stress, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension. This review will incorporate current literature examining BPA exposure through clinical and epidemiological trials; these trials will encompass the physiological and toxicological effects that BPA can impose on the human cardiovascular system.

Sustainable alternative to bisphenol A epoxy resin: high-performance recyclable epoxy vitrimers derived from protocatechuic acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (27) ◽  
pp. 4500-4506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangqing Tao ◽  
Linxuan Fang ◽  
Menglu Dai ◽  
Caiyun Wang ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Naoh Solution

A series of epoxy vitrimers were prepared based on protocatechuic acid, which showed better thermal and mechanical properties than commercial BPA-based epoxy resins. The vitrimers can be reprocessed in high efficiency and degraded in NaOH solution.

scholarly journals 3P221 The endocrine disrupter Bisphenol-A acutely induces morphologica changes in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (supplement) ◽  
pp. S245
Author(s):  
N Tanabe ◽  
Y Komatsuzaki ◽  
T Tsurugizawa ◽  
K Mitsuhashi ◽  
Y Ooishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Endocrine Disrupter ◽  
Ca1 Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1

Determination of Bisphenol A in Milk and Dairy Products by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1439-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEONG-HUN KANG ◽  
FUSAO KONDO
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Condensed Milk ◽  
Oasis Hlb ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

This study was conducted to develop a selective and sensitive method for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) levels in milk and dairy products. A method based on solvent extraction with acetonitrile and solid-phase extraction (SPE) was developed for the analysis of BPA in milk, yogurt, cream, butter, pudding, condensed milk, and flavored milk, and a method using two SPE cartridges (OASIS HLB and Florisil cartridge) for skim milk was also developed. The developed methods showed good recovery levels (77 to 102%) together with low detection limits (1 μg/liter for milk, yogurt, pudding, condensed milk, flavored milk, and skim milk and 3 μg/liter for cream and butter). These methods are simple, sensitive, and suitable for the analysis of BPA in milk and dairy products. When 40 milk and dairy products were analyzed by the proposed methods, BPA was not identified in noncanned products, but its levels ranged from 21 to 43 μg/kg in canned products, levels that were 60- to 140-fold lower than the migration limits in the European Union and Japan.

Research on In Situ Anionic Polymerization of PA6/PI Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Hong Kai Zhao ◽  
Li Guang Xiao ◽  
Hong Jie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
System Temperature ◽  
Lamellar Crystals

High performance trend of plastics has become a hot spot of current research. Select bisphenol A dianhydride and bisphenol A diamine with excellent water resistance as the reactant monomers to obtain anhydride-terminated polyimide with very high molecular weight by two-step polymerization, graft the active radicals of acyl caprolactam using the activity of anhydride and obtain PI modified nylon resin by polymerization.When the system temperature is above 160 °C and the added modifiers are greater than 10%, the system viscosity increases very fast; when the system temperature reaches 140 °C and the added modifiers are at 5%, the system viscosity increases very slowly. It is proved that the reaction in each above step is successful through infrared analysis. The mechanical properties of modified PI nylon increases with the increase of consumption and molecular weight of polyimide, when the molecular weight is selected to be about 8000~10000 and the adding amount is 10wt%~15 wt%, the tensile strength reaches over 85MPa, the notch impact strength is increased to 19.6kJ.m-2 and the elongation at break reaches 18%, which are remarkably better than general engineering plastics.Through microscopic analysis, the molecules of polyimide does not enter crystallization phase of nylon resin, but forms compact lamellar crystals existing in nylon matrix.

scholarly journals Exposition hydrique au bisphénol A et à ses dérivés chlorés et liens avec le cancer du sein : étude de faisabilité BREDI I (Breast and Endocrine Disrupter Investigation Part 1)

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Steeve Rouillon ◽  
Claire Grignon ◽  
Nicolas Venisse ◽  
Cédric Nadeau ◽  
Marion Albouy-Llaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Cancer Du Sein ◽  
Endocrine Disrupter ◽  
Tissu Adipeux ◽  
Perturbateurs Endocriniens

Résumé Il existe une relation entre exposition aux perturbateurs endocriniens (PE) et carcinogenèse animale. Cependant, les données épidémiologiques sont insuffisantes. Le bisphénol A (BPA) est un PE ubiquitaire présent dans l’eau potable. Ses dérivés chlorés (Clx-BPA) sont suspectés d’avoir une action PE 100 fois supérieure. L’objectif de ce travail était d’évaluer la faisabilité d’une étude d’exposition hydrique au BPA et aux Clx-BPA dans une population de patientes opérées du sein. L’étude a été menée au CHU de Poitiers auprès de trois populations de femmes opérées du sein classées selon la gravité de leur lésion. Trois façons d’évaluer l’exposition hydrique ont été explorées : dosage dans des matrices biologiques, dans l’eau du robinet et administration d’un questionnaire sociodémographique validé. Le critère de jugement principal était la concentration en composés dans l’eau ou les matrices biologiques et les quantités d’eau apportées par voie orale et cutanée selon le questionnaire. Dans l’eau de boisson analysée, le BPA a été quantifié chez la totalité des patientes (116 ± 162 ng∙L‑1). Les concentrations en Clx-BPA étaient de 1,85 ± 0,70 ng∙L‑1. Les concentrations urinaires en BPA étaient de 2,6 ng∙mL‑1 en préopératoire et 3,8 ± 5,5 ng∙mL‑1 en postopératoire, les Clx-BPA n’ayant pas été quantifiés. Dans le tissu adipeux mammaire, le BPA a été retrouvé à 1,265 ± 0,058 ng∙g‑1, le BPA et le Clx-BPA n’ayant été détectés qu’à deux reprises. Cette étude a montré la faisabilité des dosages du BPA et des Clx-BPA dans les matrices biologiques et l’eau du robinet. La mise en place d’une cohorte multicentrique permettra d’étudier la relation entre exposition à ces PE et cancer du sein.

scholarly journals Bonding Integrity of Hybrid 18Ni300-17-4 PH Steel Using The Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process For The Fabrication of Plastic Injection Mould Inserts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuk Lun Simon Chan ◽  
Olaf Diegel ◽  
Xun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Tool Steel ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Injection Mould ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Plastic Injection Mould ◽  
Plastic Injection

Abstract Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a metal additive manufacturing (AM) process for fabricating high-performance functional parts and tools in various metallic alloys, such as titanium, aluminium and tool steels. The process can produce geometrically complex features such as conformal cooling channels (CCC) in plastic injection mould inserts to improve cooling efficiency. A recent attempt using a hybrid-build LPBF AM technique to fabricate aluminium mould inserts with CCC attained a substantial reduction in processing time, making it an attractive alternative method to the mould-making industry. Also, the successful bonding of aluminium powder with wrought aluminium alloys proved the practicability of this concept. This study further investigates whether a similarly successful outcome could apply to tool steel since tool steel is the preferred material for constructing high-grade high-volume plastic injection moulds. In this investigation, hybrid 18Ni300 powder-wrought 17-4 PH steel parts were additively fabricated using the hybrid-build LPBF technique, followed by various post-build heat treatments. The mechanical and metallurgical properties of the samples’ bonded interface were examined. Microstructure analysis revealed homogenous powder-substrate fusion across the interface region. Results from tensile tests confirmed strong powder-substrate bonding as none of the tensile fractures occurred at the interface. A direct post-build one-hour age-hardening treatment achieved the best combination of hardness, tensile strength, and ductility. The overall result demonstrates that hybrid-built 18Ni300-17-4 PH steel can be a material choice for manufacturing durable and high-performance injection mould inserts for high-volume production.

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