Dielectrophoretic medium exchange around droplets for on-chip fabrication of Layer-by-Layer microcapsules

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haizhen Sun ◽  
Yukun Ren ◽  
Tianyi Jiang ◽  
Ye Tao ◽  
Hongyuan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Continuous Medium ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Medium Exchange ◽  
Chip Fabrication ◽  
Coating Layers ◽  
On Chip

Continuous medium exchange within a microchannel represents a highly sought-after technique in functionalizing micro-objects with coating layers, enabling a myriad of applications ranging from biomedical engineering to materials science. Herein,...

scholarly journals Opinion: Democratizing Spin Qubits

Quantum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 584
Author(s):  
Charles Tahan
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Spin Qubits ◽  
Small Quantum ◽  
Chip Fabrication ◽  
Spin Qubit ◽  
On Chip ◽  
And Control

I've been building Powerpoint-based quantum computers with electron spins in silicon for 20 years. Unfortunately, real-life-based quantum dot quantum computers are harder to implement. Materials, fabrication, and control challenges still impede progress. The way to accelerate discovery is to make and measure more qubits. Here I discuss separating the qubit realization and testing circuitry from the materials science and on-chip fabrication that will ultimately be necessary. This approach should allow us, in the shorter term, to characterize wafers non-invasively for their qubit-relevant properties, to make small qubit systems on various different materials with little extra cost, and even to test spin-qubit to superconducting cavity entanglement protocols where the best possible cavity quality is preserved. Such a testbed can advance the materials science of semiconductor quantum information devices and enable small quantum computers. This article may also be useful as a light and light-hearted introduction to quantum dot spin qubits.

scholarly journals Femtosecond Laser-Based Integration of Nano-Membranes into Organ-on-a-Chip Systems

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3076
Author(s):  
Liubov Bakhchova ◽  
Linas Jonušauskas ◽  
Dovilė Andrijec ◽  
Marharyta Kurachkina ◽  
Tomas Baravykas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Channel System ◽  
Living Body ◽  
Laser Lithography ◽  
Functional Part ◽  
Chip Fabrication ◽  
Organ On A Chip ◽  
On Chip

Organ-on-a-chip devices are gaining popularity in medical research due to the possibility of performing extremely complex living-body-resembling research in vitro. For this reason, there is a substantial drive in developing technologies capable of producing such structures in a simple and, at the same time, flexible manner. One of the primary challenges in producing organ-on-chip devices from a manufacturing standpoint is the prevalence of layer-by-layer bonding techniques, which result in limitations relating to the applicable materials and geometries and limited repeatability. In this work, we present an improved approach, using three dimensional (3D) laser lithography for the direct integration of a functional part—the membrane—into a closed-channel system. We show that it allows the freely choice of the geometry of the membrane and its integration into a complete organ-on-a-chip system. Considerations relating to sample preparation, the writing process, and the final preparation for operation are given. Overall, we consider that the broader application of 3D laser lithography in organ-on-a-chip fabrication is the next logical step in this field’s evolution.

Evolution of Metastable Structures in Bimetallic Catalysts from Microscopy and Machine-Learning Molecular Dynamics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Soo Lim ◽  
Jonathan Vandermause ◽  
Matthijs A. van Spronsen ◽  
Albert Musaelian ◽  
Christopher R. O’Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Surface Restructuring ◽  
Metastable Structures ◽  
Mechanistic Investigation ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Restructuring of interface plays a crucial role in materials science and heterogeneous catalysis. Bimetallic systems, in particular, often adopt very different composition and morphology at surfaces compared to the bulk. For the first time, we reveal a detailed atomistic picture of the long-timescale restructuring of Pd deposited on Ag, using microscopy, spectroscopy, and novel simulation methods. Encapsulation of Pd by Ag always precedes layer-by-layer dissolution of Pd, resulting in significant Ag migration out of the surface and extensive vacancy pits. These metastable structures are of vital catalytic importance, as Ag-encapsulated Pd remains much more accessible to reactants than bulk-dissolved Pd. The underlying mechanisms are uncovered by performing fast and large-scale machine-learning molecular dynamics, followed by our newly developed method for complete characterization of atomic surface restructuring events. Our approach is broadly applicable to other multimetallic systems of interest and enables the previously impractical mechanistic investigation of restructuring dynamics.

All-nanoparticle layer-by-layer coatings for Mid-IR on-chip gas sensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (91) ◽  
pp. 14283-14286
Author(s):  
Diana Al Husseini ◽  
Junchao Zhou ◽  
Daniel Willhelm ◽  
Trevor Hastings ◽  
Gregory S. Day ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Nanoparticle Layer ◽  
Withdrawal Speed ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Nanoparticle Coatings ◽  
On Chip

Functionalization of optical waveguides with submicron all-nanoparticle coatings significantly enhanced the detection of acetone. Such coatings were enabled via precise control of the substrate withdrawal speed using the layer-by-layer deposition.

On-Chip Fabrication of None-Dead-Volume Microtips for ESI-MS Applications

2007 ◽  
Vol 121-123 ◽  
pp. 611-614
Author(s):  
Che Hsin Lin ◽  
Jen Taie Shiea ◽  
Yen Lieng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Dead Volume ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Rapid Fabrication ◽  
Chip Fabrication ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Highly Uniform

This paper proposes a novel method to on-chip fabricate a none-dead-volume microtip for ESI-MS applications. The microfluidic chip and ESI tip are fabricated in low-cost plastic based materials using a simple and rapid fabrication process. A constant-speed-pulling method is developed to fabricate the ESI tip by pulling mixed PMMA glue using a 30-μm stainless wire through the pre-formed microfluidic channel. The equilibrium of surface tension of PMMA glue will result in a sharp tip after curing. A highly uniform micro-tip can be formed directly at the outlet of the microfluidic channel with minimum dead-volume zone. Detection of caffeine, myoglobin, lysozyme and cytochrome C biosamples confirms the microchip device can be used for high resolution ESI-MS applications.

scholarly journals On-Chip Fabrication and In-Flow 3D-Printing of Cell-Laden Microgel Constructs: From Chip to Scaffold Materials in One Integral Process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Förster ◽  
Jürgen Groll ◽  
Benjamin Reineke ◽  
Stephan Hauschild ◽  
Ilona Paulus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Produce Cell ◽  
Chip Fabrication ◽  
Integral Process ◽  
Scaffold Materials ◽  
On Chip

Bioprinting has evolved into a thriving technology for the fabrication of cell-laden scaffolds. Bioinks are the most critical component for bioprinting. Recently, microgels have been introduced as a very promising bioink enabling cell protection and the control of the cellular microenvironment. However, their microfluidic fabrication inherently seemed to be a limitation. Here we introduce a direct coupling of microfluidics and 3D-printing for the microfluidic production of cell-laden microgels with direct in-flow bioprinting into stable scaffolds. The methodology enables the continuous on-chip encapsulation of cells into monodisperse microdroplets with subsequent in-flow cross-linking to produce cell-laden microgels, which after exiting a microtubing are automatically jammed into thin continuous microgel filaments. The integration into a 3D printhead allows direct in-flow printing of the filaments into free-standing three-dimensional scaffolds. The method is demonstrated for different cross-linking methods and cell lines. With this advancement, microfluidics is no longer a bottleneck for biofabrication. <br>

scholarly journals Evolution of Metastable Structures at Bimetallic Surfaces from Microscopy and Machine-Learning Molecular Dynamics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Soo Lim ◽  
Jonathan Vandermause ◽  
Matthijs A. van Spronsen ◽  
Albert Musaelian ◽  
Yu Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Surface Restructuring ◽  
Bimetallic Systems ◽  
Metastable Structures ◽  
Mechanistic Investigation ◽  
First Time

Restructuring of interfaces plays a crucial role in materials science and heterogeneous catalysis. Bimetallic systems, in particular, often adopt very different composition and morphology at surfaces compared to the bulk. For the first time, we reveal a detailed atomistic picture of long-timescale restructuring of Pd deposited on Ag, using microscopy, spectroscopy, and novel simulation methods. By developing and performing accelerated machine-learning molecular dynamics followed by an automated analysis method, we discover and characterize previously unidentified surface restructuring mechanisms in an unbiased fashion, including Pd-Ag place exchange and Ag pop-out, as well as step ascent and descent. Remarkably, layer-by-layer dissolution of Pd into Ag is always preceded by an encapsulation of Pd islands by Ag, resulting in a significant migration of Ag out of the surface and a formation of extensive vacancy pits within a period of microseconds. These metastable structures are of vital catalytic importance, as Ag-encapsulated Pd remains much more accessible to reactants than bulk-dissolved Pd. Our approach is broadly applicable to complex multimetallic systems and enables the previously intractable mechanistic investigation of restructuring dynamics at atomic resolution.

On-chip fabrication of ZnO-nanowire gas sensor with high gas sensitivity

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-W. Ahn ◽  
K.-S. Park ◽  
J.-H. Heo ◽  
D.-W. Kim ◽  
K.J. Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Zno Nanowire ◽  
Gas Sensitivity ◽  
Chip Fabrication ◽  
On Chip

Combined Mechanical Engineering Materials Lecture and Mechanics of Materials Laboratory: Cross-Disciplinary Teaching

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Engineering Programs ◽  
Mechanics Of Materials ◽  
Engineering Materials ◽  
Selection Of

We have developed a course combining a Mechanical Engineering Materials Laboratory with a Materials Science lecture for a small combined population of undergraduate Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering students. By judicious selection of topic order, we have been able to utilize one lecture and one laboratory for both Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering students (with limited splitting of groups). The primary reasons for combining the Mechanical and Biomedical students are to reduce faculty load and required resources in a small university. For schools with medium or small Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering programs, class sizes could be improved if they could include other populations. The heterogeneous populations also aid in teaching students that the same engineering techniques are useful in more than a single engineering realm. The laboratory sections begin with the issues common to designing and evaluating mechanical testing, followed by tensile, shear, and torsion evaluation of metals. To introduce composite materials, wood and cement are evaluated. While the Mechanical Engineering students are evaluating impact and strain gauges, the Biomedical Engineering students are performing tensile studies of soft tissues, and compression of long bones. The basic materials lectures (beginning at the atomic level) are in common with both Mechanical and Biomedical student populations, until specific topics such as human body materials are discussed. Three quarters of the term is thus taught on a joint basis, and three or four lectures are split. Basic metal, plastic and wood behavior is common to both groups.

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