Influence of age, sex and potassium excretion on urinary prostaglandins in children

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Barden ◽  
L. J. Beilin ◽  
R. Vandongen ◽  
I. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Water Diuresis ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Dietary Potassium ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Age And Sex

1. Measurement of urinary 6-ketoprostaglandin (PG) F1α and PGE2 excretion in 83 healthy children, aged 5-15 years, revealed that supervised 4 h urine collections under mild water diuresis provided more consistent results than overnight 12 h urine collections. 2. Males had higher urinary excretion of 6-keto-PGF1α but not of PGE2 compared with females. 3. Urinary potassium was related to 6-keto-PGF1α in both 4 and 12 h urine collections and urinary sodium to 6-keto-PGFα in 4 h collections only. 4. In the sexes combined multiple regression analyses revealed age as the only significant influence on prostanoid excretion (P = 0.001). 5. Thus age and sex and dietary potassium intake need to be considered in studies of urinary prostanoids in children.

scholarly journals Association of Urinary Potassium Excretion with Blood Pressure Variability and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4443
Author(s):  
Sang Heon Suh ◽  
Su Hyun Song ◽  
Tae Ryom Oh ◽  
Hong Sang Choi ◽  
Chang Seong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dietary Potassium ◽  
Urine Potassium

Dietary potassium intake is a dilemma in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the association of urine potassium excretion, a surrogate for dietary potassium intake, with blood pressure variability (BPV) and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients with pre-dialysis CKD. A total of 1860 participants from a cohort of pre-dialysis CKD (KNOW-CKD) patients were divided into the quartiles by spot urine potassium-to-creatinine ratio. The first quartile (26.423 ± 5.731 mmol/gCr) was defined as low urine potassium excretion. Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed an independent association of low urine potassium excretion with high BPV (adjusted β coefficient 1.163, 95% confidence interval 0.424 to 1.901). Cox regression analyses demonstrated that, compared to high urine potassium excretion, low urine potassium excretion is associated with increased risk of CV events (adjusted hazard ratio 2.502, 95% confidence interval 1.162 to 5.387) but not with all-cause mortality. In conclusion, low urine potassium excretion is associated with high BPV and increased risk of CV events in patients with pre-dialysis CKD. The restriction of dietary potassium intake should be individualized in patients with pre-dialysis CKD.

scholarly journals Low potassium intake and its association with blood pressure among adults in Malaysia: findings from the MyCoSS (Malaysian Community Salt Survey)

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalitha Palaniveloo ◽  
Rashidah Ambak ◽  
Fatimah Othman ◽  
Nor Azian Mohd Zaki ◽  
Azli Baharudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitor ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Urinary Potassium

Abstract Background High blood pressure or hypertension is well recognized as an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Several studies had indicated potassium intake has a blood pressure lowering effect. This study aimed to estimate potassium intake via 24-h urinary potassium excretion and to determine the association between potassium intake and blood pressure among adults in Malaysia. Methods Data for 424 respondents in this study were drawn from MyCoSS, a nationwide cross- sectional study conducted among Malaysians who were 18 years and above. Respondents were recruited using stratified cluster sampling, covering urban and rural areas in each state in Malaysia. Data collection was undertaken from October 2017 until March 2018. A single urine sample was collected over 24 h for quantification of potassium excreted. Information on socio-demography and medical history of the respondents were collected by interviewer-administered questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements were measured using validated equipment. BMI was estimated using measured body weight and height. Digital blood pressure monitor (Omron HBP-1300) was used to measure blood pressure. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multivariable linear regression were used to analyze the data in SPSS Version 21. Results Mean 24-h urinary potassium excretion for the 424 respondents was 37 mmol (95% CI 36, 38). Gender and ethnicity showed statistically significant associations with 24-h urinary potassium excretion. However, potassium excretion was not significantly associated with blood pressure in this study. Conclusion Potassium intake is very low among the adults in Malaysia. Therefore, further education and promotional campaigns regarding daily consumption of potassium-rich diet and its benefits to health need to be tailored for the Malaysian adult population.

scholarly journals Revised Reference Values for Potassium Intake

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Strohm ◽  
Sabine Ellinger ◽  
Eva Leschik-Bonnet ◽  
Friederike Maretzke ◽  
Helmut Heseker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Urinary Potassium

Background: The nutrition societies of Germany, Austria and Switzerland have revised the reference values for potassium intake in January 2017. Methods: For adults, the estimated value was based on the 24-h urinary potassium excretion and on preventive considerations regarding hypertension and stroke. The estimated values for children and adolescents were extrapolated from the adult estimated value considering differences in body mass. For infants aged 0 to under 4 months, the estimated value was set based on the potassium intake via breast milk. From this reference value, the estimated value for infants aged 4 to under 12 months was also derived by extrapolation. The estimated value for lactating women takes into account the potassium loss via breast milk. Results: The estimated values for potassium intake are set at 400 mg/day for breastfed infants aged 0 to under 4 months, 600 mg/day for infants aged 4 to under 12 months, 1,100-4,000 mg/day for children and adolescents, 4,000 mg/day for adults and pregnant women and 4,400 mg/day for lactating women. Conclusions: The consumption of potassium-rich foods should be generally increased. Supplemental intake beyond the estimated values has no health benefit and is therefore not recommended.

Interrelated effects of aldosterone and plasma potassium on potassium excretion

1983 ◽  
Vol 244 (1) ◽  
pp. F28-F34 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Young ◽  
A. W. Paulsen
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Group I ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Renal Potassium Excretion

The interacting effects of aldosterone and plasma potassium concentration on steady-state renal potassium excretion were studied in two groups of chronically adrenalectomized dogs. In group I (six dogs, 22.9 kg) aldosterone was infused intravenously at 20 micrograms/day while potassium intake was changed in steps of 7-10 days duration from 10 to 30 to 100 meq/day. At the completion of each step, plasma potassium concentration, urinary potassium excretion, and other variables that potentially may affect renal function were measured. In group II (six dogs, 22.2 kg) a similar protocol was followed except that aldosterone was infused at 250 micrograms/day and the potassium intake levels were 30, 100, and 200 meq/day. Plasma potassium concentration and excretion data for the 20 micrograms/day group were: 3.22 +/- 0.26 meq/liter and 5 +/- 1 meq/day, 4.35 +/- 0.08 meq/liter and 21 +/- 2 meq/day, and 5.88 meq/liter and 82 +/- 3 meq/day at the 10, 30, and 100 meq/day intake levels, respectively. For the 250 micrograms/day group the values were: 2.72 +/- 0.18 meq/liter and 28 +/- 7 meq/day, 4.16 +/- 0.14 meq/liter and 71 +/- 8 meq/day, and 4.40 +/- 0.14 meq/liter and 172 +/- 26 meq/day at the 30, 100, and 200 meq/day intake levels. Therefore, the increase in aldosterone infusion rate shifted the relationship between plasma potassium concentration and potassium excretion to the left so that at a given level of plasma potassium a greater amount of potassium was excreted. In the normal range of plasma potassium concentration (4.00-4.40 meq/liter) the increase in aldosterone levels resulted in a four- to eightfold increase in daily potassium excretion.

Estimated 24 Hour Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion in a Population of Moroccan Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed idrissi ◽  
Naima Saeid ◽  
Samir Mounach ◽  
Hicham El Berri ◽  
Ayoub Al Jawaldah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
World Health ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Excessive sodium (Na) intake and low potassium (K) intake are associated with adverse cardiovascular health outcomes. Morocco lacks data on actual Na and K intake in adults. The aim of this study was to estimate the mean intake of Na and K in a Moroccan population of adults using the 24-h urinary excretion and to examine their association with blood pressure (BP). Methods: A total of 371 adults, who participated in the urinary validation sub-study of the STEP-wise Survey-Morocco-2017-2018, have complete data on demographic, anthropometric and blood pressure and have provided a valid 24-h urine collection according to the standard protocol of the World Health Organization (WHO). Results: The mean 24-h urinary sodium excretion was 2794 mg (SD, 1394) and the median was 2550 mg (IQR, 1780-3726). The mean 24-h urinary potassium excretion was 1898 mg (SD, 1044) and the median was 1640 mg (IQR, 1170-2410). Sodium excretion was between 3000 and 5000 mg/day in 31% of participants, < 3000 mg/day in 64%, and > 5000 mg/day in only 5%. No significant association of urinary sodium or potassium with blood pressure was found. Conclusion: Sodium intake in the studied population of Moroccan adults was higher than WHO recommendation and was comparable to levels reported in countries from Eastern Mediterranean Region. The vast majority of participants had a sodium intake < 5000 mg/day, with only 5% were above this level. Potassium intake was in the range of 1000 to 3000 mg/day. Within these ranges, there was no association between sodium or potassium intake and blood pressure. This information is crucial to help implement the national strategy to reduce sodium intake as a cost-effective intervention to prevent chronic disease in Morocco.

Potassium homeostasis in chronic experimental diabetes mellitus in rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matsuhiko Hayashi ◽  
Shigetoshi Senba ◽  
Ikuo Saito ◽  
Waichi Kitajima ◽  
Takao Saruta
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Potassium Homeostasis ◽  
Dietary Potassium ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Potassium Loading

Abstract. To examine potassium homeostasis in diabetes mellitus, we observed the effect of dietary potassium loading on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and potassium balance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. In diabetic rats with 26.51 ± 1.89 mmol/l of serum glucose, the plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone (PA), immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were all significantly lower than in control rats, but the plasma potassium and renal function were not significantly different. With potassium loading, both control and diabetic rats showed a similar increase in plasma potassium and urinary potassium excretion and a decrease in PRA, but the IRI, plasma corticosterone and urinary excretion of PGE2 exhibited no significant change. On the other hand, the PA was significantly increased only in the control rats, and not in the diabetic rats on potassium loading. Based up on these results, it is suggested that potassium homeostasis is well maintained in diabetic rats with normal renal function in spite of an attenuated response of aldosterone secretion to dietary potassium loading and insulin deficiency.

Accuracy of equations for predicting 24-h urinary potassium excretion from spot urine samples in Chinese children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xiaolu Nie ◽  
Yaguang Peng ◽  
Siyu Cai ◽  
Zehao Wu ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urine Samples ◽  
Misclassification Rate ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Accurate assessments of potassium intake in children are important for the early prevention of CVD. Currently, there is no simple approach for accurate estimation of potassium intake in children. We aim to evaluate the accuracy of 24-h urinary potassium excretion (24UKV) estimation in children using three common equations: the Kawasaki, Tanaka and Mage formulas, in a hospital-based setting. A total of 151 participants aged 5–18 years were initially enrolled, and spot urine samples were collected in the whole 24-h duration to measure the concentrations of potassium and creatinine. We calculated the mean difference, absolute and relative difference and misclassification rate between measured 24UKV and the predicted ones using Kawasaki, Tanaka and Mage formulas in 129 participants. The mean measured 24UKV was 1193·3 mg/d in our study. Mean differences between estimated and measured 24UKV were 1215·6, −14·9 and 230·3 mg/d by the Kawasaki, Tanaka and Mage formulas, respectively. All estimated 24UKV were significantly different from the measured values in all the time point (all P < 0·05), except for the predicted values from Tanaka formula using morning, afternoon and evening spot urine. The proportions with relative differences over 40 % were 87·2%, 32·5% and 47·3 % for Kawasaki, Tanaka and Mage formulas, respectively. Misclassification rates were 91·5 % for Kawasaki, 44·4 % for Tanaka and 58·9 % for Mage formula at the individual level. Our findings showed that misclassification could occur on the individual level when using Kawasaki, Tanaka and Mage formulas to estimate 24UKV from spot urine in the child population.

SOME EFFECTS OF DIETARY POTASSIUM UPON DIGESTIBILITY, SERUM ELECTROLYTES AND UTILIZATION OF POTASSIUM, SODIUM, NITROGEN AND WATER IN HEIFERS

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. E. St. Omer ◽  
W. K. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Urine Volume ◽  
Ammonia Excretion ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Dietary Potassium ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Low Potassium

Balance studies were conducted with heifers weighing between 210–258 kg to determine effects of different dietary potassium levels, 156.6 (low), 439.4 (medium) and 1,086.8 (high) meq upon nutrient utilization. The low potassium ration produced an average negative potassium balance of 25.2 meq daily, while the other rations produced positive potassium balances. Urinary potassium excretion was markedly affected by potassium level while fecal potassium excretion was much less affected: in general, the higher the potassium intake, the higher the urinary and fecal potassium excretions. All heifers were in positive sodium balance and dietary level of potassium did not significantly influence either urinary or fecal excretion of sodium. Nitrogen balance was not significantly affected by treatment, but urinary ammonia excretion was significantly (P < 0.01) higher when the low potassium ration was fed. Water consumption and urine volume were significantly (P < 0.01) higher for the heifers fed high potassium, but water balance was not affected. Apparent digestibilities of energy, dry matter, nitrogen, crude fiber and ether extract were not significantly affected by treatment.Serum potassium levels were lower (P < 0.05) and phosphorus higher (P < 0.05) in heifers receiving the low than in heifers receiving the high level of potassium. Serum concentrations of sodium, chloride, calcium and magnesium were not significantly affected by dietary potassium.From the data, the potassium requirement for maintenance of the heifers was estimated to be 133 meq potassium daily per 100 kg body weight.

scholarly journals Food Sources of Dietary Potassium in the Adult Japanese Population: The International Study of Macro-/Micronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Nagako Okuda ◽  
Akira Okayama ◽  
Katsuyuki Miura ◽  
Katsushi Yoshita ◽  
Naoko Miyagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
International Study ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

A lower-than-recommended potassium intake is a well-established risk factor for increased blood pressure. Although the Japanese diet is associated with higher sodium intake and lower potassium intake, few studies have examined the source foods quantitatively. Studies on dietary patterns in association with potassium intake will be useful to provide dietary advice to increase potassium intake. Twenty-four-hour (hr) dietary recall data and 24-hr urinary potassium excretion data from Japanese participants (574 men and 571 women) in the International Study of Macro/Micronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP) were used to calculate food sources of potassium and compare food consumption patterns among quartiles of participants categorized according to 24-hr urinary potassium excretion per unit of body weight (UK/BW). The average potassium intake was 2791 mg/day per participant, and the major sources were vegetables and fruits (1262 mg/day), fish (333 mg/day), coffee and tea (206 mg/day), and milk and dairy products (200 mg/day). Participants in the higher UK/BW quartile consumed significantly more vegetables and fruits, fish, and milk and dairy products, and ate less rice and noodles. Conclusion: Advice to increase the intake of vegetables and fruits, fish, and milk may be useful to increase potassium intake in Japan.

Statistical research on the fate of dietary mineral elements in dry and lactating cows V. Potassium

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Paquay ◽  
F. Lomba ◽  
A. Lousse ◽  
V. Bienfet
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Potassium Balance ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Dietary Potassium ◽  
Urinary Potassium ◽  
Daily Milk Production

SummaryStatistical analyses were carried out on the data obtained under strictly controlled conditions in metabolism stalls with 41 different rations fed to 127 adult non-pregnant dry cows, and with 14 other different rations fed to 35 adult non-pregnant lactating cows that had calved 2–6 months earlier and whose daily milk production ranged from 11 to 20 kg.The authors have calculated and studied the correlations between faecal and urinary potassium losses, potassium excretion in the milk, digestible potassium and potassium balance, and the 75 other nutritive factors which were analysed for each of the 55 above mentioned experimental diets.The results show that three nutritional factors, potassium, dry-matter and nitrogen intakes, influence the fate of dietary potassium. The apparent digestibility of potassium is hyperbolically related to potassium content of the diet since the true digestibility of potassium is very high, unrelated to potassium intake and rather constant and since about 2·2 g of endogenous potassium are excreted in the faeces per kg of ingested dry matter.The quantities of digestible potassium strongly influence both the potassium urinary outputs and potassium balance. An increase in digestible dry matter enhances too the urinary potassium excretion as well as faecal output and lower potassium balance twice as much.But the most interesting feature in the potassium metabolism is that at any level, ingestion, digestion, excretion, there is a very close correlation between potassium and nitrogen.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document