An Investigation into the Relationship Between Anxiety and Stuttering

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Craig
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Anxiety Trait ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
Intensive Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Chronic Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Speech Situation

The relationship between self-reported anxiety and stuttering was explored. Although previous research has mostly shown that persons who stutter are no more anxious than persons who do not stutter, many of these studies had inadequate power to detect significant differences. In this study, a large number of stutterers were assessed on state and trait anxiety before, and on trait anxiety after, intensive behavioral treatment. Their levels of anxiety were compared to those of nonstuttering controls matched for gender, age, and occupational status. Results showed that persons who stutter had significantly higher levels of fear (state anxiety) in a demanding speech situation. They were also shown to have higher levels of chronic anxiety (trait anxiety) than matched controls. However, trait anxiety measured after treatment was within normal levels. Although not allowing the conclusion that anxiety causes stuttering, these results do have important implications for the management of the disorder.

Comeditation: An Exploratory Study of Pulse and Respiration Rates and Anxiety

1992 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Fasko ◽  
Geri Hall ◽  
Michael R. Osborne ◽  
Richard W. Boerstler Hulen Kornfeld
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Tibetan Medicine ◽  
Focus Attention ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Seriously Ill

To achieve deep relaxation in seriously ill persons, Tibetan medicine has employed a breathing process, known as “comeditation,” which requires a caregiver to focus attention on the chest of the reclining patient while making a sound or number keyed to the patient's exhalation. This study investigated the relationship between state and trait anxiety and lowered respiratory rate, using the comeditation procedure. Ten subjects were assigned randomly to either a control or comeditation group. Anxiety was measured on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Analysis indicated a decrease in State-Anxiety scores in the comeditation group, but no differences between groups in pulse and respiration rates or trait anxiety. Implications for theory and research are discussed.

scholarly journals ingkat Kecemasan Pasien Post Operasi yang Mengalami Fraktur Ekstremitas

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seviya Gani Maisyaroh ◽  
Urip Rahayu ◽  
Siti Yuyun Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
School Level ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Anxiety Trait ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety

Kecemasan merupakan salah satu masalah psikologis yang dialami oleh pasien fraktur ekstremitas setelah dilakukannya pembedahan. Kecemasan yang tidak teratasi akan berdampak pada lamanya proses penyembuhan, akan tetapi data kecemasan pasien post operasi masih belum jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan pasien post operasi fraktur ekstremitas berdasarkan karakteristik pasien. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel 46 orang yang diambil dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). Tingkat kecemasan dikategorikan menjadi ringan, sedang, dan berat. didapatkan bahwa state anxiety paling banyak berada pada tingkat sedang 54,3% dan trait anxiety paling banyak berada pada tingkat ringan 60,9%. Terdapat 46,4% responden yang memiliki state anxiety sedang berasal dari trait anxiety ringan. Berdasarkan karakteristik baik pada state anxiety ataupun trait anxiety, kecemasan berat dialami oleh pasien usia dewasa awal, perempuan, berpendidikan terakhir SMP dan SMA, bekerja sebagai pegawai swasta, belum pernah menjalani operasi sebelumnya, lokasi fraktur pada bagian ekstremitas bawah, dan merasakan nyeri sedang. Kondisi post operasi fraktur ekstremitas menjadi faktor yang dapat memengaruhi kecemasan. Terlihat dari pasien yang memiliki state anxiety yang sedang, memiliki trait anxiety yang ringan. Maka disarankan bagi perawat untuk melakukan pengkajian dan penanganan kecemasan terhadap state anxiety dan trait anxiety.Kata kunci: Fraktur ekstremitas, post operasi, state anxiety, trait anxiety.Anxiety Levels of Patients with Extremity Fractures after SurgeryAbstractAnxiety is one of the psychological problems experienced by patients with extremity fractures after undergoing surgery. Anxiety that is not managed well will have an impact on the recovery process. However, anxiety in patients with extremity fractures is not well understood. The aim of this study was to determine the anxiety level of patients with extremity fractures after surgery based on the patients’ characteristics. This study used descriptive quantitative method. Fourty six patients were recruited in this study by consecutive sampling technique. The data was collected by STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) quetionnaires. Anxiety levels were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe. The results showed that 54.3% of patients experienced state anxiety at a moderate level, and 60.9% had trait anxiety at a mild level. There were 46.4% of the patients whose moderate state anxiety originated from mild trait anxiety. Based on the characteristics of both state and trait anxiety, severe anxiety was experienced by young adults, women, patients with secondary school-level educational background, private employees, patients who have never had surgery before, patients with lower extremity fractures and patients in moderate pain. The postoperative state of extremity fractures is a factor that affects anxiety. Patients who had moderate state anxiety were found to also have mild trait anxiety.  Thus, assessment and intervention of anxiety should be conducted on both state and trait anxiety.  Key words: Extremity fracture, post-operative, state anxiety, trait anxiety.

State and Trait Anxiety as Mediators in the Relationship among Cognitive Restructuring and Study Skills Training with Academic Achievement

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-20
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Study Skills ◽  
Cognitive Restructuring ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Mediator

The aim of the study was to determine the role of state and trait anxiety as mediators in the relationship between cognitive restructuring and study skills training with academic achievement. Ninety-four high school students were randomly selected as a sample to receive either a CR or SST psycho-educational group therapy. The mediation analyses indicated that anxiety (state and trait anxiety post-test) could not be considered as significant mediators and this mediation was not a partial mediation. Furthermore, the results revealed that state anxiety follow-up could be considered as a significant mediator and this mediation was a partial mediation. However, trait anxiety follow-up could not be considered as a significant mediator and this mediation was not a partial mediation. However, the present study founded evidence of effects of state anxiety as a mediator on academic achievement. In conclusion, CR and SST were effective treatments for anxiety and academic achievement.

Alexithymia and anxiety: compounded relationships? A psychometric study

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 372-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Berthoz ◽  
S. Consoli ◽  
F. Perez-Diaz ◽  
R. Jouvent
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Anxiety Trait ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
Positive Correlations

SummaryThis study is a careful examination of the relationships between different components of the alexithymia construct and state versus trait anxiety. In order to study the relations between anxiety and alexithymia in a subclinical population, we administered to 125 female college students a test battery including measures of alexithymia (TAS26), state and trait anxiety (STAI) and depression (QD2A). Results indicated positive correlations between depression, anxiety (state and trait) and alexithymia scores. Partial correlations revealed a tight link between trait anxiety and alexithymia. Furthermore, in agreement with the view that alexithymia is a multidimensional construct, the various alexithymia dimensions were found to be diversely correlated with anxiety. On the basis of partial correlation analyses, a descriptive model of the relationships between depression, state anxiety, trait anxiety and alexithymia was postulated. This model was confirmed by pathways analyses.

Skin-Temperature Biofeedback Training: Cognitive and Developmental Factors in a Nonclinical Child Population

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise E. Labbé ◽  
Deena Delaney ◽  
Ken Olson ◽  
Harry Hickman
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Biofeedback Training ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Temperature Biofeedback ◽  
Child Population ◽  
Developmental Factors ◽  
Anxiety Trait ◽  
The Relationship

The present study evaluated the relationship between skin-temperature biofeedback training for a nonclinical child population and several cognitive and developmental factors. 49 children were randomly assigned to control, standard feedback, or novel feedback conditions. State-anxiety, trait-anxiety, and depression scores improved for all groups. Health locus of control scores improved significantly for children receiving standard feedback. Children receiving biofeedback increased skin temperature regardless of their age, sex, or intellectual functioning.

EVIDENCE FOR DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN TURKISH COLLEGE STUDENTS

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 579-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Karagözoğlu ◽  
William G. Masten ◽  
Mustafa Baloğlu
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the constructs of depression and anxiety were examined with 443 Turkish college students. Significant correlations were found. Factor analyses computed with state and trait anxiety, as defined as the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI; Spielberger, Gorsuch, & Lushene, 1970) and depression, as defined as the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II; Beck & Steer, 1993) supported the notion that anxiety and depression may be two different psychological constructs; however the distinction was not clearcut. The results showed bidimensional structures for both state anxiety and trait anxiety. Relationships indicate that the BDI-II is measuring trait depression. Results were discussed in relation to previous studies.

Relationships Between State-Trait Anxiety and Locus of Control-Experimental Studies with Adults and Children

1985 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela M.B. Biaggio
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
School Grade ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

Two studies were conducted to investigate the relationship between locus of control and anxiety. The distinction between state and trait anxiety led to the predictions that internal subjects show more state-anxiety than external subjects in 'luck' situations, whereas 'externals' show more state-anxiety under 'ability' situations. Externality was predicted to correlate positively with trait-anxiety. Results with a sample of Brazilian female college students confirmed the first hypothesis in part - externals were more anxious than the internals in the 'ability' situation, but the two groups did not differ in the 'luck' situation. The second hypothesis was confirmed; the correlation between externality and trait-anxiety was positive and significant (r = 0.47, p < 0.05). Results with a sample of fourth, fifth, and sixth grade children indicate that internal children showed significantly higher state-anxiety in both 'luck' and 'ability' situations; the correlation between externality and trait-anxiety was -0.86. In addition, incentive led to higher state-anxiety, and significant decreases in externality as a function of school grade. Some of the results confirm findings from other cultures while others point to differences between children and adults regarding the relationships between anxiety and locus of control.

On the Relationship between Machiavellianism and Anxiety among Italian Undergraduates

1985 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Nigro ◽  
I. Galli
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Italian Version ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship

139 Italian undergraduates (61 men and 78 women) responded to the Italian version of the Christie's Mach IV scale and to the Italian version of the Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Positive correlations between Mach IV scores and both State Anxiety and Trait Anxiety scores were found for both sexes. The authors hypothesized that moderate anxiety may be associated with high Machiavellianism. Further implications of the findings were discussed.

scholarly journals During Vigilance to Painful Stimuli: Slower Response Rate Related to High Trait Anxiety, whereas a Faster Response Rate is related to High State Anxiety

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J Meeker ◽  
Nichole M. Emerson ◽  
Jui-Hong Chien ◽  
Mark I. Saffer ◽  
Oscar Joseph Bienvenu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Bias ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Time On Task ◽  
Lower Response Rate ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
High Trait ◽  
High Trait Anxiety ◽  
Over Time

A pathological increase in vigilance, or hypervigilance, may be related to pain intensity in some clinical pain syndromes and may result from attention bias to salient stimuli mediated by anxiety. During a continuous performance task where subjects discriminated painful target stimuli from painful nontargets, we measured detected targets (hits), nondetected targets (misses), nondetected nontargets (correct rejections), and detected nontargets (false alarms). Using signal detection theory, we calculated response bias, the tendency to endorse a stimulus as a target, and discriminability, the ability to discriminate a target from nontarget. Due to the relatively slow rate of stimulus presentation our primary hypothesis was that sustained performance would result in a more conservative response bias reflecting a lower response rate over time on task. We found a more conservative response bias with time on task and no change in discriminability. We predicted that greater state and trait anxiety would lead to a more liberal response bias. A multivariable model provided partial support for our prediction; high trait anxiety related to a more conservative response bias (lower response rate), while high state anxiety related to a more liberal bias. This inverse relationship of state and trait anxiety is consistent with reports of effects of state and trait anxiety on reaction times to threatening stimuli. In sum, we report that sustained attention to painful stimuli was associated with a decrease in the tendency of the subject to respond to any stimulus over time on task, while the ability to discriminate target from nontarget is unchanged.

scholarly journals Anxiety Levels of Primary Caregivers of Children With Tracheostomy During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 000992282110406
Author(s):  
Zeynep Reyhan Onay ◽  
Tugba Ramasli Gursoy ◽  
Tugba Sismanlar Eyuboglu ◽  
Ayse Tana Aslan ◽  
Azime Sebnem Soysal Acar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
High Trait Anxiety ◽  
Moment State

We aim to evaluate the anxiety levels of caregivers of children with tracheostomy during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic. Caregivers of 31 children with tracheostomy and 105 healthy children (control group) were included. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was administered via teleconference in order to investigate how participants describe how they feel at a particular moment (State) and how they generally feel (Trait). The trait anxiety levels of caregivers of children with tracheostomy were significantly higher ( P = .02). Their state anxiety levels were similar. The state and trait anxiety levels of caregivers of children with tracheostomy correlated ( r = 0.70, P < .001). At the end of the teleconference, caregivers of children with tracheostomy experienced greater anxiety relief than controls ( P < .001). Trait anxiety scores were higher among caregivers of children with tracheostomy, but their state anxiety levels were comparable to those of controls. Caregivers with high trait anxiety also exhibited high state anxiety. Informing caregivers of children with tracheostomy about COVID-19 via teleconference can reduce their anxiety during such stressful times.

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